The Impact of the Ayatollah Abdulkarim Hairi Yazdi on Emergence of the Hawzah Ilmiye of Qum

Mehmet Deniz Karakışla

Makale detayları

The Impact of the Ayatollah Abdulkarim Hairi Yazdi on Emergence of the Hawzah Ilmiye of Qum

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Deniz Karakışla

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Dergi:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.40 Issue 1, pp.315-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281569

pISSN:

1301-5737

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The city of Qom one of the holy cities of Shiism, where 8th Imam of Shiism Imam Rezas sister Fatımas tombis located, also has an important place in terms of madrasah education and scientific studies carried out in these madrasahs. During the Constitutional Period 1906-1911, the acquaintance of Iranian political life with modern concepts of Western origin such as democracy, parliament and the rule of law and the active duty of mujtahids in the parliament brought along discussions that madrasahs should be renewed within the conditions of the new period. This need has enabled the concept of Hawzah Ilmıyah to be included in the agenda of mujtahids. The transformation of the city of Qom, which has an important place in the post-Islamic history of Iran and the Shiite world, into a Hawzah Ilmıyah was made by the arrival of Ayatollah Sheikh Abdulkerim Yazdi from the city of Najaf. Ayatollah Yazdi defended the view that the city of Qom should be able to meet the needs of the Iranian people and that it should become more powerful in the Shiite World. Ayatollah Yazdi not only strengthened the Qom madrasas in administrative and financial areas, but also laid the foundations for updating the education curriculum to meet the conditions of the day. As a result, strives of Sheikh Hairi Yazdi, the reputation of the Qom madrasas in the Shiite World increased further. In addition, as a result of reforms of the Ayatollah Heiri, the Hawzah Ilmiye became more influential in religious studies and politics.

 The city of Qom one of the holy cities of Shiism, where 8th Imam of Shiism Imam Rezas sister Fatımas tombis located, also has an important place in terms of madrasah education and scientific studies carried out in these madrasahs. During the Constitutional Period 1906-1911, the acquaintance of Iranian political life with modern concepts of Western origin such as democracy, parliament and the rule of law and the active duty of mujtahids in the parliament brought along discussions that madrasahs should be renewed within the conditions of the new period. This need has enabled the concept of Hawzah Ilmıyah to be included in the agenda of mujtahids. The transformation of the city of Qom, which has an important place in the post-Islamic history of Iran and the Shiite world, into a Hawzah Ilmıyah was made by the arrival of Ayatollah Sheikh Abdulkerim Yazdi from the city of Najaf. Ayatollah Yazdi defended the view that the city of Qom should be able to meet the needs of the Iranian people and that it should become more powerful in the Shiite World. Ayatollah Yazdi not only strengthened the Qom madrasas in administrative and financial areas, but also laid the foundations for updating the education curriculum to meet the conditions of the day. As a result, strives of Sheikh Hairi Yazdi, the reputation of the Qom madrasas in the Shiite World increased further. In addition, as a result of reforms of the Ayatollah Heiri, the Hawzah Ilmiye became more influential in religious studies and politics.

 The city of Qom one of the holy cities of Shiism, where 8th Imam of Shiism Imam Rezas sister Fatımas tombis located, also has an important place in terms of madrasah education and scientific studies carried out in these madrasahs. During the Constitutional Period 1906-1911, the acquaintance of Iranian political life with modern concepts of Western origin such as democracy, parliament and the rule of law and the active duty of mujtahids in the parliament brought along discussions that madrasahs should be renewed within the conditions of the new period. This need has enabled the concept of Hawzah Ilmıyah to be included in the agenda of mujtahids. The transformation of the city of Qom, which has an important place in the post-Islamic history of Iran and the Shiite world, into a Hawzah Ilmıyah was made by the arrival of Ayatollah Sheikh Abdulkerim Yazdi from the city of Najaf. Ayatollah Yazdi defended the view that the city of Qom should be able to meet the needs of the Iranian people and that it should become more powerful in the Shiite World. Ayatollah Yazdi not only strengthened the Qom madrasas in administrative and financial areas, but also laid the foundations for updating the education curriculum to meet the conditions of the day. As a result, strives of Sheikh Hairi Yazdi, the reputation of the Qom madrasas in the Shiite World increased further. In addition, as a result of reforms of the Ayatollah Heiri, the Hawzah Ilmiye became more influential in religious studies and politics.

 Şiilik mezhebinin 8. İmamı olan İmam Rızanın kız kardeşi, Fatmanın türbesinin bulunması sebebiyle Şiiliğin kutsal şehirleri arasında yer alan Kum şehri, medrese eğitimi ve bu medreselerde gerçekleştirilen ilmi çalışmalar açısından da önemli bir yere sahiptir. Meşrutiyet döneminde 1906-1911 İran siyasi hayatının demokrasi, meclis ve hukukun üstünlüğü gibi Batı menşeli modern kavramlarla tanışması ve müçtehitlerin mecliste aktif olarak görev yapması, medreselerin de yeni dönem koşulları içinde yenilenmesi gerektiği tartışmalarını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu ihtiyaç, ilim havzası kavramının da müçtehitlerin gündeminde yer almasını sağlamıştır. İslam sonrası İran tarihinde ve Şii dünyasında önemli bir yere sahip olan Kum şehrinin ilim havzasına dönüşümü ise Ayetullah Şeyh Abdulkerim Yezdinin, Necef şehrinden gelmesi ile olmuştur. Ayetullah Yezdi, Kum şehrinin İran halkının ihtiyaçlarına cevap verebilecek nitelikte olması gerektiği ve Şii Dünyası içinde daha güçlü konuma gelmesi gerektiği görüşünü savunmaktaydı. Ayetullah Yezdi, Kum medreselerini sadece idari ve mali alanlarda güçlendirmemiş, ayrıca eğitim müfredatının da günün şartlarına cevap verebilecek şekilde güncellenmesinin temellerini atmıştır. Şeyh Heiri Yezdinin çalışmaları neticesinde Kum medreselerinin, Şii Dünyasında itibarı daha fazla artmıştır Ayrıca, Ayetullah Heiri Yezdinin reformları neticesinde Kum İlmiye Havzası, dini çalışmalar ve siyasi alanda daha etkili konuma gelmiştir.

Makale detayları

The Impact of the Ayatollah Abdulkarim Hairi Yazdi on Emergence of the Hawzah Ilmiye of Qum

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Deniz Karakışla

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Dergi:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.40 Issue 1, pp.315-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281569

pISSN:

1301-5737

Hawzah Ilmıyah

Qom

Ayatollah Abdulkerim Heiri Yazdi

madrasas

reform

İlim Havzası

Kum

Ayetullah Abdulkerim Heiri Yezdi

medreseler

reform

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Deniz Karakışla

Yayıncı: Hacettepe University

Dergi: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.40 Issue 1, pp.315-325

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001281569

pISSN: 1301-5737

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Deniz Karakışla

Yayıncı:

Hacettepe University

Dergi:

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.40 Issue 1, pp.315-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001281569

pISSN:

1301-5737