Comparison of The Output Power of a Micro Hydroelectric Power Plant with Different PID Control Structures

Tuğba Aydın Kart; Ahmet Aktaş; Ömür Binarbaşi; Batuhan Şenlen

Makale detayları

Comparison of The Output Power of a Micro Hydroelectric Power Plant with Different PID Control Structures

Yazarlar:

Tuğba Aydın Kart | Ahmet Aktaş | Ömür Binarbaşi | Batuhan Şenlen

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hidroelektrik Enerji Sistemleri | Elektrik Enerjisi Üretimi (Yenilenebilir Kaynaklar Dahil | Fotovoltaikler Hariç)

Dergi:

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.824-840

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346572

pISSN:

2148-2446

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, a micro-hydroelectric power plant that produces energy from the water taken from the Ulutan Dam and sends it to the treatment plant for drinking water purposes was examined. The control and command system of the grid-connected micro HPP Hydroelectric Power Plant is implemented using Siemens S7 1200 PLC. After synchronization of the system with the grid, two different control software are loaded sequentially. The first one is a PID controller created for the position control of the turbine guide vane, while the second software is the power set PID controller. In the study, the data regarding the position of the guide vane, flow rate, pressure, and active power, which were obtained from the turbine control system, are analyzed. Both PID controls reached the maximum active power value of 137 kW. However, while the guide vane PID controller maintained the maximum power value, the power set PID controller could not stabilize the system. The power set PID controller could not maintain the stabilization of the system, the turbine took in more water to provide the power, the flow rate increased over time and the pressure decreased. The power of this system also decreased from 137 kW to 105 kW. Since the aim was to achieve maximum power and stable operation, it was concluded that the guide vane PID control block was more efficient. Through this project, an unused water source was evaluated, contributing to the national economy, and providing valuable experience and knowledge for the control and command systems to be used in the installation or rehabilitation of a micro-hydroelectric power plant.

 In this study, a micro-hydroelectric power plant that produces energy from the water taken from the Ulutan Dam and sends it to the treatment plant for drinking water purposes was examined. The control and command system of the grid-connected micro HPP Hydroelectric Power Plant is implemented using Siemens S7 1200 PLC. After synchronization of the system with the grid, two different control software are loaded sequentially. The first one is a PID controller created for the position control of the turbine guide vane, while the second software is the power set PID controller. In the study, the data regarding the position of the guide vane, flow rate, pressure, and active power, which were obtained from the turbine control system, are analyzed. Both PID controls reached the maximum active power value of 137 kW. However, while the guide vane PID controller maintained the maximum power value, the power set PID controller could not stabilize the system. The power set PID controller could not maintain the stabilization of the system, the turbine took in more water to provide the power, the flow rate increased over time and the pressure decreased. The power of this system also decreased from 137 kW to 105 kW. Since the aim was to achieve maximum power and stable operation, it was concluded that the guide vane PID control block was more efficient. Through this project, an unused water source was evaluated, contributing to the national economy, and providing valuable experience and knowledge for the control and command systems to be used in the installation or rehabilitation of a micro-hydroelectric power plant.

 In this study, a micro-hydroelectric power plant that produces energy from the water taken from the Ulutan Dam and sends it to the treatment plant for drinking water purposes was examined. The control and command system of the grid-connected micro HPP Hydroelectric Power Plant is implemented using Siemens S7 1200 PLC. After synchronization of the system with the grid, two different control software are loaded sequentially. The first one is a PID controller created for the position control of the turbine guide vane, while the second software is the power set PID controller. In the study, the data regarding the position of the guide vane, flow rate, pressure, and active power, which were obtained from the turbine control system, are analyzed. Both PID controls reached the maximum active power value of 137 kW. However, while the guide vane PID controller maintained the maximum power value, the power set PID controller could not stabilize the system. The power set PID controller could not maintain the stabilization of the system, the turbine took in more water to provide the power, the flow rate increased over time and the pressure decreased. The power of this system also decreased from 137 kW to 105 kW. Since the aim was to achieve maximum power and stable operation, it was concluded that the guide vane PID control block was more efficient. Through this project, an unused water source was evaluated, contributing to the national economy, and providing valuable experience and knowledge for the control and command systems to be used in the installation or rehabilitation of a micro-hydroelectric power plant.

 Bu çalışmada Ulutan Barajından arıtma tesisine içme suyu maksadıyla alınan sular ile enerji üretimi yapan bir mikro hidroelektrik santral incelenmiştir. Şebekeye bağlı olan Mikro HES Hidroelektrik Santralin kontrol ve kumanda sistemi Siemens S7 1200 PLC ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemin şebekeye senkronizasyonu sonrası iki farklı kontrol yazılımı sırasıyla yüklenmiştir. Bunlardan ilki türbin ayar kanadının pozisyon kontrolü için oluşturulan PID kontrolörü, ikinci yazılım olarak güç set PID kontrolörüdür. Çalışmada; türbin kontrol sisteminden alınan ve kontrol edilen ayar kanadı pozisyonu, debi, basınç ve aktif güç verileri analiz edilmiştir. İki farklı PID kontrolü de maksimum aktif güç değeri olan 137 kWa ulaşmış fakat ayar kanadı PID kontrolörü maksimum güç değerini korurken güç set PID kontrolörü sistemin stabilizasyonunu koruyamamış gücü sağlayabilmek için türbine daha çok su almış, debi zamanla artmış, basınç azalmıştır. Bu sebeple sistemin gücü de 137 kW değerinden 105 kW değerine kadar düşmüştür. Sistemin maksimum gücü elde edebilmesi ve stabil çalışması istendiğinden bu koşulları sağlayan ayar kanadı PID kontrol bloğunun daha verimli kontrol bloğu olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu projeyle enerjisinden yararlanılmayan su kaynağı değerlendirilip ülkemizin milli servetine katkısı sağlanmış, bir mikro hidroelektrik santral kurulumunda veya rehabilitasyonu esnasında kontrol kumanda sistemlerinde kullanılması için tecrübe bilgi birikimi aktarılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Comparison of The Output Power of a Micro Hydroelectric Power Plant with Different PID Control Structures

Yazarlar:

Tuğba Aydın Kart | Ahmet Aktaş | Ömür Binarbaşi | Batuhan Şenlen

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hidroelektrik Enerji Sistemleri | Elektrik Enerjisi Üretimi (Yenilenebilir Kaynaklar Dahil | Fotovoltaikler Hariç)

Dergi:

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.824-840

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346572

pISSN:

2148-2446

Micro HPP

PID Control

PLC

guide vane

power adjustmentMikro HES

PID Kontrol

PLC

ayar kanadı

güç ayarı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Tuğba Aydın Kart | Ahmet Aktaş | Ömür Binarbaşi | Batuhan Şenlen

Yayıncı: Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar: Hidroelektrik Enerji Sistemleri | Elektrik Enerjisi Üretimi (Yenilenebilir Kaynaklar Dahil | Fotovoltaikler Hariç)

Dergi: Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.824-840

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001346572

pISSN: 2148-2446

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Tuğba Aydın Kart | Ahmet Aktaş | Ömür Binarbaşi | Batuhan Şenlen

Yayıncı:

Duzce University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hidroelektrik Enerji Sistemleri | Elektrik Enerjisi Üretimi (Yenilenebilir Kaynaklar Dahil | Fotovoltaikler Hariç)

Dergi:

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.824-840

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001346572

pISSN:

2148-2446