The Pre-Classical Period in the Western Geographical Tradition: Bernhard Varenius and Immanual Kant

Selim Güneş; Alpaslan Aliağaoğlu

Makale detayları

The Pre-Classical Period in the Western Geographical Tradition: Bernhard Varenius and Immanual Kant

Yazarlar:

Selim Güneş | Alpaslan Aliağaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.477-492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354789

pISSN:

2564-6834

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the Western geographical tradition, the Pre-Classical Period refers to the time when the academic foundations of the science of geography were established. The aim of this study is to introduce the Pre-Classical Period to the Turkish literature and to highlight the academic contributions of Varenius and Kant during this time. In this study, qualitative research methods such as life history, source review, and document analysis were used. Secondary data were used in all methods. English and Turkish textbooks, reviews prepared on Varenius and Kant, biographies, and articles were the primary sources consulted. Consequently, it has been determined that there exists a Pre-Classical Period spanning the 17th to 19th centuries, beginning with Keckermann and culminating with Kant. The geographers of this era were well-versed in the philosophical and scientific knowledge of Ancient times and the scientific knowledge of Eastern civilisations during the Middle Ages. Varenius systematically classified the geographical knowledge of the period and also presented an example of regional study. Kant, on the other hand, prepared the ground for the regional studies of the Modern Period, influenced the development of mind maps in behavioral geography with his ideas on the perception of space, and opened the doors of critical geography through his critical philosophy.

 In the Western geographical tradition, the Pre-Classical Period refers to the time when the academic foundations of the science of geography were established. The aim of this study is to introduce the Pre-Classical Period to the Turkish literature and to highlight the academic contributions of Varenius and Kant during this time. In this study, qualitative research methods such as life history, source review, and document analysis were used. Secondary data were used in all methods. English and Turkish textbooks, reviews prepared on Varenius and Kant, biographies, and articles were the primary sources consulted. Consequently, it has been determined that there exists a Pre-Classical Period spanning the 17th to 19th centuries, beginning with Keckermann and culminating with Kant. The geographers of this era were well-versed in the philosophical and scientific knowledge of Ancient times and the scientific knowledge of Eastern civilisations during the Middle Ages. Varenius systematically classified the geographical knowledge of the period and also presented an example of regional study. Kant, on the other hand, prepared the ground for the regional studies of the Modern Period, influenced the development of mind maps in behavioral geography with his ideas on the perception of space, and opened the doors of critical geography through his critical philosophy.

 In the Western geographical tradition, the Pre-Classical Period refers to the time when the academic foundations of the science of geography were established. The aim of this study is to introduce the Pre-Classical Period to the Turkish literature and to highlight the academic contributions of Varenius and Kant during this time. In this study, qualitative research methods such as life history, source review, and document analysis were used. Secondary data were used in all methods. English and Turkish textbooks, reviews prepared on Varenius and Kant, biographies, and articles were the primary sources consulted. Consequently, it has been determined that there exists a Pre-Classical Period spanning the 17th to 19th centuries, beginning with Keckermann and culminating with Kant. The geographers of this era were well-versed in the philosophical and scientific knowledge of Ancient times and the scientific knowledge of Eastern civilisations during the Middle Ages. Varenius systematically classified the geographical knowledge of the period and also presented an example of regional study. Kant, on the other hand, prepared the ground for the regional studies of the Modern Period, influenced the development of mind maps in behavioral geography with his ideas on the perception of space, and opened the doors of critical geography through his critical philosophy.

 Batı coğrafya geleneğinde Klasik Öncesi Dönem, coğrafya biliminin akademik temellerinin atıldığı dönemi ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Klasik Öncesi Dönemi Türkçe literatüre kazandırmak ve bu dönem içerisinde Varenius ve Kantın akademik coğrafyaya katkılarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yaşam öyküsü, kaynak tarama ve doküman inceleme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Tüm yöntemlerde ikincil veriler kullanılmıştır. İngilizce ve Türkçe ders kitapları, Varenius ve Kant üzerine hazırlanmış incelemeler, biyografiler ve makaleler öncelikli olarak başvurulan kaynaklar olmuştur. Sonuçta görülmüştür ki 17. ve 19. yüzyılları içine alan, Keckermann ile başlayıp Kant ile sona eren bir Klasik Öncesi Dönemin varlığı söz konusudur. Dönemin coğrafyacıları Antik Çağ felsefesi ve bilimleriyle Orta Çağ Doğu medeniyetlerinin bilimsel bilgilerine hakimdir. Varenius, dönemin coğrafi bilgilerini sistematik olarak tasnif etmiş ayrıca bölgesel bir inceleme örneği sunmuştur. Kant ise Modern Dönemin bölgesel çalışmalarına zemin hazırlamış, mekânın algılanması üzerine fikirleriyle davranışsal coğrafyada zihin haritalarının gelişmesini etkilemiş, eleştirel felsefesi yoluyla eleştirel coğrafyanın kapılarını aralamıştır.

Makale detayları

The Pre-Classical Period in the Western Geographical Tradition: Bernhard Varenius and Immanual Kant

Yazarlar:

Selim Güneş | Alpaslan Aliağaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.477-492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354789

pISSN:

2564-6834

geography

geographical thought

Pre-Classical Period

Bernhard Varenius

Immanuel Kantcoğrafya

coğrafi düşünce

Klasik Öncesi Dönem

Bernhard Varenius

Immanuel Kant

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Selim Güneş | Alpaslan Aliağaoğlu

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)

Dergi: Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.477-492

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001354789

pISSN: 2564-6834

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Selim Güneş | Alpaslan Aliağaoğlu

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Beşeri Coğrafya (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.477-492

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354789

pISSN:

2564-6834