FOR THE CIZRE GOVERNMENT TO LEAVE LEGITIMATE GROUND: THE ALLEGATION OF (MIR) SHARAF III, ONE OF THE CIZRE MIRZADES, OF USING FORGED DOCUMENTS

Ercan Gümüş

Makale detayları

FOR THE CIZRE GOVERNMENT TO LEAVE LEGITIMATE GROUND: THE ALLEGATION OF (MIR) SHARAF III, ONE OF THE CIZRE MIRZADES, OF USING FORGED DOCUMENTS

Yazarlar:

Ercan Gümüş

Yayıncı:

Bingol University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 29, pp.204-213

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345711

pISSN:

1309-6672

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Cases of document forgery have been encountered in the Ottoman Empire since the 16th century. These types of irregularities reflected in the sources were generally committed by clerks working in the Divan and the Finance Maliye offices. The types of diplomatics in which forgery was common were texts such as decrees and warrants. These crimes committed by clerks were detected in different periods and attempts were made to prevent them through punishment. However, the measures taken were often ineffective and such abuses could not be prevented. One of the places where allegations of document forgery were seen in the Ottoman Empire was Cizre. In the struggle for dominance between Mir Sharaf III and Mir Mohammed from the sons of Khan Abdal in Cizre, which was governed as a hukumet sanjak at the end of the 16th century, accusations of document forgery were voiced. As a result of Mir Sharafs failure to find acceptance in the Ottoman center after he overthrew and killed Mir Aziz, his brother Mir Mohammed was appointed in his place. It was alleged that Mir Sharaf III did not accept this situation and prepared forged documents in order to come to power. During this period, it was claimed that Mir Sharaf III had two forged decrees prepared through some officials in the state administration in Dersaadet. The first of these was about the murder of his brother Mir Mohammed. This document, prepared by a clerk named Sari Ali, was determined to be forged. In addition, the clerk Sari Ali, who prepared the forged document, was punished by having his hand cut off. The second forged document was about the granting of the Cizre beylik to Mir Sharaf III. The second forged document was that the Cizre principality was given to Mir Sharaf III. The Ottoman capital declared that both documents were forged and requested that they be sealed in a purse and sent to the capital. It was frequently reported to the governors of the surrounding provinces that the principality of Cizre was given to Mir Muhammed. This study focuses on the forgery of documents that took place in the struggle between Mir Sharaf III, a member of the sons Khan Abdal, and his brother Mir Mohammed, who were engaged in a struggle for dominance in Cizre, and the manifestations of this phenomenon in the Ottoman administration.

 Cases of document forgery have been encountered in the Ottoman Empire since the 16th century. These types of irregularities reflected in the sources were generally committed by clerks working in the Divan and the Finance Maliye offices. The types of diplomatics in which forgery was common were texts such as decrees and warrants. These crimes committed by clerks were detected in different periods and attempts were made to prevent them through punishment. However, the measures taken were often ineffective and such abuses could not be prevented. One of the places where allegations of document forgery were seen in the Ottoman Empire was Cizre. In the struggle for dominance between Mir Sharaf III and Mir Mohammed from the sons of Khan Abdal in Cizre, which was governed as a hukumet sanjak at the end of the 16th century, accusations of document forgery were voiced. As a result of Mir Sharafs failure to find acceptance in the Ottoman center after he overthrew and killed Mir Aziz, his brother Mir Mohammed was appointed in his place. It was alleged that Mir Sharaf III did not accept this situation and prepared forged documents in order to come to power. During this period, it was claimed that Mir Sharaf III had two forged decrees prepared through some officials in the state administration in Dersaadet. The first of these was about the murder of his brother Mir Mohammed. This document, prepared by a clerk named Sari Ali, was determined to be forged. In addition, the clerk Sari Ali, who prepared the forged document, was punished by having his hand cut off. The second forged document was about the granting of the Cizre beylik to Mir Sharaf III. The second forged document was that the Cizre principality was given to Mir Sharaf III. The Ottoman capital declared that both documents were forged and requested that they be sealed in a purse and sent to the capital. It was frequently reported to the governors of the surrounding provinces that the principality of Cizre was given to Mir Muhammed. This study focuses on the forgery of documents that took place in the struggle between Mir Sharaf III, a member of the sons Khan Abdal, and his brother Mir Mohammed, who were engaged in a struggle for dominance in Cizre, and the manifestations of this phenomenon in the Ottoman administration.

 Cases of document forgery have been encountered in the Ottoman Empire since the 16th century. These types of irregularities reflected in the sources were generally committed by clerks working in the Divan and the Finance Maliye offices. The types of diplomatics in which forgery was common were texts such as decrees and warrants. These crimes committed by clerks were detected in different periods and attempts were made to prevent them through punishment. However, the measures taken were often ineffective and such abuses could not be prevented. One of the places where allegations of document forgery were seen in the Ottoman Empire was Cizre. In the struggle for dominance between Mir Sharaf III and Mir Mohammed from the sons of Khan Abdal in Cizre, which was governed as a hukumet sanjak at the end of the 16th century, accusations of document forgery were voiced. As a result of Mir Sharafs failure to find acceptance in the Ottoman center after he overthrew and killed Mir Aziz, his brother Mir Mohammed was appointed in his place. It was alleged that Mir Sharaf III did not accept this situation and prepared forged documents in order to come to power. During this period, it was claimed that Mir Sharaf III had two forged decrees prepared through some officials in the state administration in Dersaadet. The first of these was about the murder of his brother Mir Mohammed. This document, prepared by a clerk named Sari Ali, was determined to be forged. In addition, the clerk Sari Ali, who prepared the forged document, was punished by having his hand cut off. The second forged document was about the granting of the Cizre beylik to Mir Sharaf III. The second forged document was that the Cizre principality was given to Mir Sharaf III. The Ottoman capital declared that both documents were forged and requested that they be sealed in a purse and sent to the capital. It was frequently reported to the governors of the surrounding provinces that the principality of Cizre was given to Mir Muhammed. This study focuses on the forgery of documents that took place in the struggle between Mir Sharaf III, a member of the sons Khan Abdal, and his brother Mir Mohammed, who were engaged in a struggle for dominance in Cizre, and the manifestations of this phenomenon in the Ottoman administration.

 Osmanlı Devletinde evrakta sahtecilik vakalarına 16. yüzyıldan itibaren tesadüf edilmektedir. Kaynaklara yansıyan bu tür usulsüzlükler genellikle Divan ve Maliye kalemlerinde görevli kâtiplerce yapılmıştır. Sahteciliğin yaygın olduğu diplomatika türleri ferman ve berat gibi metinlerdi. Kâtiplerin işlediği bu suçlar farklı dönemlerde tespit edilmiş ve cezalandırma suretiyle engellenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ancak alınan tedbirler çoğu zaman işe yaramamış ve bu tür suistimallerin önü alınamamıştır. Osmanlı Devletinde evrakta sahtecilik iddiasının görüldüğü yerlerden biri Cizre idi. 16. yüzyılın sonlarında hükûmet sancak statüsünde idare edilen Cizrede Han Abdaloğullarından Mir III. Şeref ile Mir Muhammed arasında gerçekleşen hâkimiyet mücadelesinde evrakta sahtecilik suçlaması dile getirilmişti. Mir Azizi devirip öldüren Mir Şerefin Osmanlı merkezinde kabul görmemesi sonucu yerine kardeşi Mir Muhammed atanmıştı. Mir III. Şerefin ise bu durumu kabullenmeyerek başa geçmek için sahte evraklar düzenlediği iddia edilmişti. Bu dönemde Mir III. Şerefin Dersaadette devlet yönetimindeki bazı görevliler vasıtasıyla iki sahte ferman düzenlettiği ileri sürülmüştü. Bunlardan ilki kardeşi Mir Muhammedin katline dairdi. Sarı Ali adlı kâtip tarafından hazırlanan bu belgenin sahte olduğu tespit edilmişti. Ayrıca sahte belgeyi düzenleyen Kâtip Sarı Ali, eli kesilmek suretiyle cezalandırılmıştı. İkinci sahte belge ise Cizre Beyliğinin Mir III. Şerefe verildiği hakkındaydı. Osmanlı payitahtı her iki belgenin de sahte olduğunu ilam etmiş ve bunların bir keseye konularak mühürlenip başkente gönderilmesini istemişti. Çevre eyalet valilerine de Cizre Beyliğinin Mir Muhammede verildiği sıklıkla bildirilmişti. Bu çalışmada Cizrede hâkimiyet mücadelesine tutuşan Han Abdaloğullarından Mir III. Şeref ile kardeşi Mir Muhammed arasındaki mücadelede girişilen evrakta sahtecilik ve bu olgunun Osmanlı yönetimindeki tezahürleri üzerinde durulmuştur.

Makale detayları

FOR THE CIZRE GOVERNMENT TO LEAVE LEGITIMATE GROUND: THE ALLEGATION OF (MIR) SHARAF III, ONE OF THE CIZRE MIRZADES, OF USING FORGED DOCUMENTS

Yazarlar:

Ercan Gümüş

Yayıncı:

Bingol University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 29, pp.204-213

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345711

pISSN:

1309-6672

Ottoman State

Cizre

Forgery of Documents

Mir Mohammed

Mir Sharaf IIIOsmanlı Devleti

Cizre

Evrakta Sahtecilik

Mir Muhammed

Mir III. Şeref

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ercan Gümüş

Yayıncı: Bingol University

Ana Başlıklar: Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 29, pp.204-213

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001345711

pISSN: 1309-6672

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ercan Gümüş

Yayıncı:

Bingol University

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Bingöl Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 29, pp.204-213

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001345711

pISSN:

1309-6672