Cyclical Status Of Cities With Different Levels Of Development In Turkey: An Examination On Solid Waste

Nilüfer Negiz; Özkan Yalçın

Makale detayları

Cyclical Status Of Cities With Different Levels Of Development In Turkey: An Examination On Solid Waste

Yazarlar:

Nilüfer Negiz | Özkan Yalçın

Yayıncı:

Ahmet FİDAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Kentsel Politika

Dergi:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 2, pp.862-878

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285540

pISSN:

2146-9229

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Depending on the evolution of the social and economic structure throughout history, cities have been situated in the heart of capital accumulation. Cities, however, have had to deal with the issue of resource use and waste brought about by capitalism and the linear economic model while retaining these production linkages. With the rise of environmental and ecological issues in the 1970s, a more environmentally friendly circular economic model based on the principles of make-use-recover has been developed in place of the linear economic model, which disregards the environment and natural resources and views everything as waste. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the cyclicality of cities with different levels of development in Turkey and to investigate the relationship between the development level of cities and their cyclicity. Due to the lack of generally accepted official data, the lack of a generally accepted methodological method and the newness of the subject, the research was designed as exploratory research and no in-depth statistical analyzes were made. A computational approach that uses quantitative research techniques to enable comparison at the international level was applied in the study. According to this calculation method, the cyclic rate is the ratio of cyclic materials to the total materials entering the economy that year during the relevant measurement period. As the universe of the research, any city that realizes production and consumption relations within the framework of the linear economic model in Turkey can be determined as an example and included in the research, while the purposeful stratified sampling method was adopted in the study and six cities with different development levels were selected. In this context, the cities of İzmir, Aydın, Gaziantep, Malatya, Ordu and Şanlıurfa were selected as samples and the cyclicality rates for solid waste were calculated in these cities. As a result of the study, the cyclicality rates of cities are 0.76 in İzmir, 0.41 in Aydın, 0.32 in Gaziantep, 0.32 in Malatya, 0.46 in Ordu and 0.21 in Şanlıurfa. In addition, a linear relationship could not be determined between the development levels of cities and the cyclicality rates of solid wastes.

 Depending on the evolution of the social and economic structure throughout history, cities have been situated in the heart of capital accumulation. Cities, however, have had to deal with the issue of resource use and waste brought about by capitalism and the linear economic model while retaining these production linkages. With the rise of environmental and ecological issues in the 1970s, a more environmentally friendly circular economic model based on the principles of make-use-recover has been developed in place of the linear economic model, which disregards the environment and natural resources and views everything as waste. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the cyclicality of cities with different levels of development in Turkey and to investigate the relationship between the development level of cities and their cyclicity. Due to the lack of generally accepted official data, the lack of a generally accepted methodological method and the newness of the subject, the research was designed as exploratory research and no in-depth statistical analyzes were made. A computational approach that uses quantitative research techniques to enable comparison at the international level was applied in the study. According to this calculation method, the cyclic rate is the ratio of cyclic materials to the total materials entering the economy that year during the relevant measurement period. As the universe of the research, any city that realizes production and consumption relations within the framework of the linear economic model in Turkey can be determined as an example and included in the research, while the purposeful stratified sampling method was adopted in the study and six cities with different development levels were selected. In this context, the cities of İzmir, Aydın, Gaziantep, Malatya, Ordu and Şanlıurfa were selected as samples and the cyclicality rates for solid waste were calculated in these cities. As a result of the study, the cyclicality rates of cities are 0.76 in İzmir, 0.41 in Aydın, 0.32 in Gaziantep, 0.32 in Malatya, 0.46 in Ordu and 0.21 in Şanlıurfa. In addition, a linear relationship could not be determined between the development levels of cities and the cyclicality rates of solid wastes.

 Depending on the evolution of the social and economic structure throughout history, cities have been situated in the heart of capital accumulation. Cities, however, have had to deal with the issue of resource use and waste brought about by capitalism and the linear economic model while retaining these production linkages. With the rise of environmental and ecological issues in the 1970s, a more environmentally friendly circular economic model based on the principles of make-use-recover has been developed in place of the linear economic model, which disregards the environment and natural resources and views everything as waste. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the cyclicality of cities with different levels of development in Turkey and to investigate the relationship between the development level of cities and their cyclicity. Due to the lack of generally accepted official data, the lack of a generally accepted methodological method and the newness of the subject, the research was designed as exploratory research and no in-depth statistical analyzes were made. A computational approach that uses quantitative research techniques to enable comparison at the international level was applied in the study. According to this calculation method, the cyclic rate is the ratio of cyclic materials to the total materials entering the economy that year during the relevant measurement period. As the universe of the research, any city that realizes production and consumption relations within the framework of the linear economic model in Turkey can be determined as an example and included in the research, while the purposeful stratified sampling method was adopted in the study and six cities with different development levels were selected. In this context, the cities of İzmir, Aydın, Gaziantep, Malatya, Ordu and Şanlıurfa were selected as samples and the cyclicality rates for solid waste were calculated in these cities. As a result of the study, the cyclicality rates of cities are 0.76 in İzmir, 0.41 in Aydın, 0.32 in Gaziantep, 0.32 in Malatya, 0.46 in Ordu and 0.21 in Şanlıurfa. In addition, a linear relationship could not be determined between the development levels of cities and the cyclicality rates of solid wastes.

 Tarih boyunca sosyal ve ekonomik yapının evrimine bağlı olarak kentler sermaye üretiminin merkezinde yer almışlardır. Ancak kentler, bu üretim bağlantılarını korurken, kapitalizm ve doğrusal ekonomik modelin getirdiği kaynak kullanımı ve atık sorunuyla uğraşmak zorunda kalmışlardır. 1970lerde çevresel ve ekolojik sorunların artmasıyla birlikte, çevreyi ve doğal kaynakları göz ardı eden, doğrusal ekonomik model yerine yap-kullan-geri kazan ilkelerine dayanan daha çevre dostu döngüsel bir ekonomik model geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, Türkiyedeki farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip olan kentlerin döngüsellik durumunun tespit edilmesi ve kentlerin gelişmişlik düzeyi ile döngüsellik durumları arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır. Henüz genel geçer resmi verilerin bulunmaması, genel kabul görmüş bir metodolojik yöntemin olmaması ve konunun yeni olmasından dolayı çalışma keşfedici araştırma olarak tasarlanmış ve derinlemesine istatiksel analizler yapılmamıştır. Çalışmada, uluslararası düzeyde karşılaştırmaya olanak sağlayan nicel araştırma tekniklerini kullanan bir hesaplama yaklaşımı uygulanmıştır. Bu hesaplama yöntemine göre döngüsellik oranı; ilgili ölçüm dönemi içerisinde döngüsel malzemelerin yani geri kazanılmış kaynakların, o yıl ekonomiye giren toplam malzemelere oranıdır. Araştırmanın evreni olarak Türkiyede doğrusal ekonomik model çerçevesinde üretim ve tüketim ilişkilerini gerçekleştiren herhangi bir kent örnek olarak belirlenip araştırmaya dahil edilebilecek iken; çalışmada amaçlı tabakalı örnekleme yöntemi benimsenerek, araştırma konusu açısından farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip İzmir, Aydın, Gaziantep, Malatya, Ordu ve Şanlıurfa kentleri örneklem olarak seçilmiş ve bu kentlerde katı atık için döngüsellik oranları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda kentlerin döngüsellik oranı İzmirin 0,76; Aydının 0,41; Gaziantepin 0,32; Malatyanın 0,32; Ordunun 0,46 ve Şanlıurfanın 0,21 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, kentlerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri ile katı atıkların döngüsellik oranları arasında doğrusal bir ilişkinin olmadığı görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

Cyclical Status Of Cities With Different Levels Of Development In Turkey: An Examination On Solid Waste

Yazarlar:

Nilüfer Negiz | Özkan Yalçın

Yayıncı:

Ahmet FİDAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Kentsel Politika

Dergi:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 2, pp.862-878

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285540

pISSN:

2146-9229

Circular Economy

Circularity Rate

Solid Waste

Cities

Döngüsel Ekonomi

Döngüsellik oranı

Katı Atık

Kentler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nilüfer Negiz | Özkan Yalçın

Yayıncı: Ahmet FİDAN

Ana Başlıklar: Kentsel Politika

Dergi: Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 2, pp.862-878

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001285540

pISSN: 2146-9229

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nilüfer Negiz | Özkan Yalçın

Yayıncı:

Ahmet FİDAN

Ana Başlıklar:

Kentsel Politika

Dergi:

Kent Akademisi Vol.16 Issue 2, pp.862-878

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001285540

pISSN:

2146-9229