Fenton oxidation of synthetic 4-Chlorophenol solution: Optimization, development of the Fenton process, phytotoxic assessment

Mehmet Türkyılmaz

Makale detayları

Fenton oxidation of synthetic 4-Chlorophenol solution: Optimization, development of the Fenton process, phytotoxic assessment

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Türkyılmaz

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çevre Kirliliği ve Önlenmesi | Çevre Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 4, pp.1188-1198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360274

pISSN:

2564-6605

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, the treatment of 4-chlorophenol, which is a priority pollutant class, was investigated by Fenton oxidation. As a result of the optimization experiments, pH 3, 350 mgL Fe2, 1500 mgL H2O2 and 25 mgL 4-chlorophenol were determined as optimum values, and 88.4 removal efficiency was obtained. In order to determine the effect of combined systems under optimum conditions, ultrasonication and UV-C ultraviolet radiation were combined with the Fenton process. In addition, in the classical Fenton system, oxidant dosing was added to the system at the beginning and in the middle of the process and the intermittent system was studied. The results showed that the addition of ultrasonication and ultraviolet radiation was less effective than the classical Fenton process in both reducing the 4-KF absorbance values and increasing the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the systems. However, with the intermittent dosing of H2O2 applied in the classical Fenton process, 4-chlorophenol absorbance removal increased by 8.6 to 83.3, and COD removal increased by 7.4 to 45.2. As a result of phytotoxicological experiments, 0.08 gL and 0.05 gL concentrations were determined as EC50 values for seeds and plant development, respectively. It was observed that phytotoxicity in the purified sample was mild on L. sativum seeds. After the optimization of the Fenton process, the results obtained by adding ultraviolet light UV C, sonolysis and intermittent dosing of oxidant to the system and the phytotoxic evaluations resulting from the application of these processes for 4-KF treatment are thought to provide originality to the study.

 In this study, the treatment of 4-chlorophenol, which is a priority pollutant class, was investigated by Fenton oxidation. As a result of the optimization experiments, pH 3, 350 mgL Fe2, 1500 mgL H2O2 and 25 mgL 4-chlorophenol were determined as optimum values, and 88.4 removal efficiency was obtained. In order to determine the effect of combined systems under optimum conditions, ultrasonication and UV-C ultraviolet radiation were combined with the Fenton process. In addition, in the classical Fenton system, oxidant dosing was added to the system at the beginning and in the middle of the process and the intermittent system was studied. The results showed that the addition of ultrasonication and ultraviolet radiation was less effective than the classical Fenton process in both reducing the 4-KF absorbance values and increasing the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the systems. However, with the intermittent dosing of H2O2 applied in the classical Fenton process, 4-chlorophenol absorbance removal increased by 8.6 to 83.3, and COD removal increased by 7.4 to 45.2. As a result of phytotoxicological experiments, 0.08 gL and 0.05 gL concentrations were determined as EC50 values for seeds and plant development, respectively. It was observed that phytotoxicity in the purified sample was mild on L. sativum seeds. After the optimization of the Fenton process, the results obtained by adding ultraviolet light UV C, sonolysis and intermittent dosing of oxidant to the system and the phytotoxic evaluations resulting from the application of these processes for 4-KF treatment are thought to provide originality to the study.

 In this study, the treatment of 4-chlorophenol, which is a priority pollutant class, was investigated by Fenton oxidation. As a result of the optimization experiments, pH 3, 350 mgL Fe2, 1500 mgL H2O2 and 25 mgL 4-chlorophenol were determined as optimum values, and 88.4 removal efficiency was obtained. In order to determine the effect of combined systems under optimum conditions, ultrasonication and UV-C ultraviolet radiation were combined with the Fenton process. In addition, in the classical Fenton system, oxidant dosing was added to the system at the beginning and in the middle of the process and the intermittent system was studied. The results showed that the addition of ultrasonication and ultraviolet radiation was less effective than the classical Fenton process in both reducing the 4-KF absorbance values and increasing the chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency of the systems. However, with the intermittent dosing of H2O2 applied in the classical Fenton process, 4-chlorophenol absorbance removal increased by 8.6 to 83.3, and COD removal increased by 7.4 to 45.2. As a result of phytotoxicological experiments, 0.08 gL and 0.05 gL concentrations were determined as EC50 values for seeds and plant development, respectively. It was observed that phytotoxicity in the purified sample was mild on L. sativum seeds. After the optimization of the Fenton process, the results obtained by adding ultraviolet light UV C, sonolysis and intermittent dosing of oxidant to the system and the phytotoxic evaluations resulting from the application of these processes for 4-KF treatment are thought to provide originality to the study.

 Bu çalışmada öncelikli kirletici sınıfında bulunan 4-klorofenolün 4-KF Fenton oksidasyonu ile arıtımı incelenmiştir. Optimizasyon deneyleri sonucunda pH 3, 350 mgL Fe2, 1500 mgL H2O2 ve 25 mgL 4-KF optimum değerler olarak belirlenmiş, 88.4 giderim verimi elde edilmiştir. Optimum şartlarda kombine sistemlerin etkisini belirlemek üzere Fenton prosesi ultrasonikasyon, UV-C ultraviyole radyasyon ile birleştirilmiş ve ayrıca klasik Fenton sisteminde oksidant dozlaması işlem başında ve ortasında olmak üzere kesikli olarak eklenmiştir. Sonuçlar ultrasonikasyon ve ultraviyole radyasyon ilavesinin sistemlerin hem 4-KF absorbans değerlerinin azaltılması hem de kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı KOİ giderim verimlerini artırmada klasik Fenton prosesinden daha etkisiz kaldığını göstermiştir. Ancak klasik Fenton prosesinde uygulanan H2O2 dozlamasının kesikli yapılması ile 50 mgL 4-KF absorbans gideriminde 8.6 artış ile 83.3, KOİ gideriminde ise 7.4 artış ile 45.2 giderim değerlerine yükselmiştir. Fitotoksikolojik deneyler sonucunda 0.08 gL tohumlar; 0.05 gL konsantrasyon ise bitki gelişimi için EC50 değeri olarak belirlenmiştir. Arıtılmış numunedeki fitotoksisitenin L. sativum tohumları üzerinde hafif olduğunu görülmüştür. Fenton prosesinin optimizasyonu sonrasında sisteme ultraviyole ışık UV C, sonoliz ve oksidantın kesikli dozlanmasının ilave edilmesi ile ulaşılan sonuçlar ve 4-KF arıtımı için bu proseslerin uygulanmasından kaynaklanan fitotoksik değerlendirmelerin çalışmaya özgünlük sağladığı düşünülmektedir.

Makale detayları

Fenton oxidation of synthetic 4-Chlorophenol solution: Optimization, development of the Fenton process, phytotoxic assessment

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Türkyılmaz

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çevre Kirliliği ve Önlenmesi | Çevre Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 4, pp.1188-1198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360274

pISSN:

2564-6605

Fenton

4-Chlorophenol

Lepidium sativum

PhytotoxicityFenton

4-Klorofenol

Lepidium sativum

Fitotoksisite

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Türkyılmaz

Yayıncı: Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar: Çevre Kirliliği ve Önlenmesi | Çevre Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 4, pp.1188-1198

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001360274

pISSN: 2564-6605

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Türkyılmaz

Yayıncı:

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çevre Kirliliği ve Önlenmesi | Çevre Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.14 Issue 4, pp.1188-1198

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001360274

pISSN:

2564-6605