Extracting the Essential Oil from Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Plant with a New Microwave Assisted Distillation System

Habib Doğan; Abdullah Genç; Muzaffer Mutlu

Makale detayları

Extracting the Essential Oil from Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Plant with a New Microwave Assisted Distillation System

Yazarlar:

Habib Doğan | Abdullah Genç | Muzaffer Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Endüstri Bitkileri

Dergi:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.151-161

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338978

pISSN:

1302-7050

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In this study, essential oils of Laurel plant Laurus nobilis, 90 of the world trade supply of which is realized from our country, are obtained by using a new industrial-type microwave-assisted distillation MWAD system designed together with the traditional steam distillation system. When examining the studies in the literature on MW-assisted distillation from medicinal and aromatic plants, it is seen that the distillation process is carried out either with a small-scale laboratory device or by adding clevenger to conventional microwave MW ovens. However, since the penetration of electromagnetic EM power into the plant decreases with increasing plant size, these small-scale MW-assisted systems will remain far from being a one-to-one model for industrial-type distillation processes. For this purpose, in this work, a new MWAD system is designed and tested in order to accurately model the effect of MW power on distillation processes in large-scale systems, as a novelty. In each test, 5 kg of plant can be distilled and 12 magnetrons are used in the designed MWAD system. The operation of these magnetrons at different powers is ensured by a control circuit and the effects of MW power on essential oil yield  and essential oil components are observed. As a result of the tests, radical changes are observed in some components in the distillation processes performed with MW support. Compared to the traditional steam distillation BD system, a 10-24 increase in essential oil yield is achieved, and the time is reduced from 100 min to 50 min. 26-35 less energy is consumed and in return for all this, essential oil is obtained at standard values on a component basis. Essential oil analysis as a result of distillation is chemically analyzed by GC-MS analysis and 64 different components are obtained. In the evaluation made by grouping 29 of them, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes are 55.68, hydrocarbon monoterpenes are 27.96, and the remaining part consisted of oxygenated and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes and phenolic components. In tests where low MW power is applied, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes decrease and MW power ability increases to a certain extent, while the opposite situation is observed for hydrocarbon monoterpenes. Linalool and linalyl formate components have become the most economical solution with MW power. Evaluations indicate that MW support will yield positive results in the industrial distillation spectrum and reduce costs.

 In this study, essential oils of Laurel plant Laurus nobilis, 90 of the world trade supply of which is realized from our country, are obtained by using a new industrial-type microwave-assisted distillation MWAD system designed together with the traditional steam distillation system. When examining the studies in the literature on MW-assisted distillation from medicinal and aromatic plants, it is seen that the distillation process is carried out either with a small-scale laboratory device or by adding clevenger to conventional microwave MW ovens. However, since the penetration of electromagnetic EM power into the plant decreases with increasing plant size, these small-scale MW-assisted systems will remain far from being a one-to-one model for industrial-type distillation processes. For this purpose, in this work, a new MWAD system is designed and tested in order to accurately model the effect of MW power on distillation processes in large-scale systems, as a novelty. In each test, 5 kg of plant can be distilled and 12 magnetrons are used in the designed MWAD system. The operation of these magnetrons at different powers is ensured by a control circuit and the effects of MW power on essential oil yield  and essential oil components are observed. As a result of the tests, radical changes are observed in some components in the distillation processes performed with MW support. Compared to the traditional steam distillation BD system, a 10-24 increase in essential oil yield is achieved, and the time is reduced from 100 min to 50 min. 26-35 less energy is consumed and in return for all this, essential oil is obtained at standard values on a component basis. Essential oil analysis as a result of distillation is chemically analyzed by GC-MS analysis and 64 different components are obtained. In the evaluation made by grouping 29 of them, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes are 55.68, hydrocarbon monoterpenes are 27.96, and the remaining part consisted of oxygenated and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes and phenolic components. In tests where low MW power is applied, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes decrease and MW power ability increases to a certain extent, while the opposite situation is observed for hydrocarbon monoterpenes. Linalool and linalyl formate components have become the most economical solution with MW power. Evaluations indicate that MW support will yield positive results in the industrial distillation spectrum and reduce costs.

 In this study, essential oils of Laurel plant Laurus nobilis, 90 of the world trade supply of which is realized from our country, are obtained by using a new industrial-type microwave-assisted distillation MWAD system designed together with the traditional steam distillation system. When examining the studies in the literature on MW-assisted distillation from medicinal and aromatic plants, it is seen that the distillation process is carried out either with a small-scale laboratory device or by adding clevenger to conventional microwave MW ovens. However, since the penetration of electromagnetic EM power into the plant decreases with increasing plant size, these small-scale MW-assisted systems will remain far from being a one-to-one model for industrial-type distillation processes. For this purpose, in this work, a new MWAD system is designed and tested in order to accurately model the effect of MW power on distillation processes in large-scale systems, as a novelty. In each test, 5 kg of plant can be distilled and 12 magnetrons are used in the designed MWAD system. The operation of these magnetrons at different powers is ensured by a control circuit and the effects of MW power on essential oil yield  and essential oil components are observed. As a result of the tests, radical changes are observed in some components in the distillation processes performed with MW support. Compared to the traditional steam distillation BD system, a 10-24 increase in essential oil yield is achieved, and the time is reduced from 100 min to 50 min. 26-35 less energy is consumed and in return for all this, essential oil is obtained at standard values on a component basis. Essential oil analysis as a result of distillation is chemically analyzed by GC-MS analysis and 64 different components are obtained. In the evaluation made by grouping 29 of them, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes are 55.68, hydrocarbon monoterpenes are 27.96, and the remaining part consisted of oxygenated and hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes and phenolic components. In tests where low MW power is applied, it is determined that oxygenated monoterpenes decrease and MW power ability increases to a certain extent, while the opposite situation is observed for hydrocarbon monoterpenes. Linalool and linalyl formate components have become the most economical solution with MW power. Evaluations indicate that MW support will yield positive results in the industrial distillation spectrum and reduce costs.

 Bu çalışmada, dünyadaki ticaret arzının 90ı ülkemizden gerçekleştirilen Defne Laurus nobilis bitkisinin, geleneksel buharlı damıtma sistemiyle birlikte, endüstriyel tipte tasarlanan yeni bir mikrodalga destekli damıtma MDD sistemi kullanılarak uçucu yağları elde edilmiştir. Literatürdeki tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerden mikrodalga MD desteğiyle damıtma yapılan çalışmalara bakıldığında ya küçük ölçekli laboratuvar cihazı ya da klasik MD fırınlara clevenger ilavesi yapılarak damıtma işleminin gerçekleştirildiği görülmektedir. Ancak, bitki miktarı artıkça elektromanyetik EM gücün bitkiye nüfuzu azalacağından dolayı bu küçük ölçekli MD destekli çalışmalar endüstriyel tip damıtma süreçleri için birebir model olmaktan uzak kalacaklardır. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada özgünlük olarak, MD gücün büyük ölçekli sistemlerdeki damıtma süreçlerine etkisini doğru bir şekilde modelleyebilmek için yeni bir endüstriyel tip MDD sistemi tasarlanıp test edilmiştir. Her bir testte 5 kglık bitki damıtılmakta olup tasarlanan MDD sisteminde 12 adet magnetron kullanılmıştır. Bu magnetronların farklı güçte çalışması kontrol devresiyle sağlanarak, MD gücünün uçucu yağ verimine ve uçucu yağ bileşenlerine etkileri gözlenmiştir. Yapılan testler sonucunda, MD desteği verilerek yapılan damıtma işlemlerinde, Linalool, Linalyle formate ve β-terpinyl acetate bileşenlerinde dramatik değişimler izlenmiştir. Geleneksel buhar damıtma BD sistemine göre uçucu yağ veriminde 10-24lük bir artış elde edilmiş, süre 100 dkdan 50 dkya düşürülmüştür. 26-35 arası daha az enerji harcanmış ve tüm bunların karşılığında bileşen bazında standart değerlerde uçucu yağ elde edilmiştir. Damıtılma sonucundaki uçucu yağ analizleri GC-MS analizi ile kimyasal olarak analiz edilmiş ve 64 farklı bileşen elde edilmiştir. Bunlardan 29 tanesinin gruplandırılmasıyla yapılan değerlendirmede, monoterpen-oksitlerin 55.68, monoterpen-hidrokarbonların ise 27.96 olduğu, kalan kısmın seskiterpen-oksit, seskiterpen-hidrokarbon ve fenolik bileşenlerden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. MW gücünün düşük olduğu testlerde monoterpen-oksitlerin azaldığı, MW gücü arttıkça belli bir oranda yükseldiği tespit edilirken monoterpen-hidrokarbonlarda ise tam tersi bir durum izlenmiştir. Linalool ve linalyl formate bileşenleri MW gücüyle en çok değişen bileşenler olmuştur. Yapılan değerlendirmeler MW desteğinin, endüstriyel tip damıtma süreçlerinde uygulanmasının pozitif etkileri olacağı ve maliyetleri aşağı çekeceği yönündedir.

Makale detayları

Extracting the Essential Oil from Laurel (Laurus nobilis) Plant with a New Microwave Assisted Distillation System

Yazarlar:

Habib Doğan | Abdullah Genç | Muzaffer Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Endüstri Bitkileri

Dergi:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.151-161

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338978

pISSN:

1302-7050

Laurel

Laurus nobilis

Microwave-assisted distillation

Essential oil

Microwave powerDefne

Laurus nobilis

Mikrodalga destekli damıtma

Uçucu yağ

Mikrodalga güç

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Habib Doğan | Abdullah Genç | Muzaffer Mutlu

Yayıncı: Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar: Endüstri Bitkileri

Dergi: Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.151-161

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001338978

pISSN: 1302-7050

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Habib Doğan | Abdullah Genç | Muzaffer Mutlu

Yayıncı:

Tekirdag Namik Kemal University

Ana Başlıklar:

Endüstri Bitkileri

Dergi:

Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 1, pp.151-161

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001338978

pISSN:

1302-7050