The Issue of the Effect of Manichaeism on the Collapse of Orkhun (Otugen) Uyghur Khaganate

Derya Deniz Gezer; Sefer Solmaz

Makale detayları

The Issue of the Effect of Manichaeism on the Collapse of Orkhun (Otugen) Uyghur Khaganate

Yazarlar:

Derya Deniz Gezer | Sefer Solmaz

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Öncesi Türk Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Selçuklu Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 9, pp.59-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333774

pISSN:

2651-2602

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The religion of the Orkhun Otugen Uyghur Khaganate 744-840, which was established after the collapse of the Second Göktürk Khaganate, was the Old Turkic Religion also known as Tengrism. After the establishment of the khaganate, the Tang Dynasty of China, asked for help from the Uyghurs due to the An Lu-shan Rebellion. This process started with Moyen Çor Khagan and continued during the reign of Bögü Khagan. Bögü Khagan recognized Manichaeism thanks to the priests in Lo-yang, one of the capitals of China, and after returning to his country, he accepted and made it the official religion. Although Manichaeism was not accepted by large masses during the khaganate, it had some effects on the Uyghurs. Some studies consider the Manichaean prohibitions, like not killing living creatures and not consuming meat, to have negatively impacted the warrior traits of the Uyghurs, contributing to the collapse of the Orkhun Uyghur Khaganate. These studies do not sufficiently emphasize how strictly Manichaean prohibitions were enforced during the period in question. In this study, it is tried to reveal to what extent the prohibitions of Manichaeism were followed during the Orkhon Uyghur Khaganate and whether it had an influence on the collapse of the khaganate.

 The religion of the Orkhun Otugen Uyghur Khaganate 744-840, which was established after the collapse of the Second Göktürk Khaganate, was the Old Turkic Religion also known as Tengrism. After the establishment of the khaganate, the Tang Dynasty of China, asked for help from the Uyghurs due to the An Lu-shan Rebellion. This process started with Moyen Çor Khagan and continued during the reign of Bögü Khagan. Bögü Khagan recognized Manichaeism thanks to the priests in Lo-yang, one of the capitals of China, and after returning to his country, he accepted and made it the official religion. Although Manichaeism was not accepted by large masses during the khaganate, it had some effects on the Uyghurs. Some studies consider the Manichaean prohibitions, like not killing living creatures and not consuming meat, to have negatively impacted the warrior traits of the Uyghurs, contributing to the collapse of the Orkhun Uyghur Khaganate. These studies do not sufficiently emphasize how strictly Manichaean prohibitions were enforced during the period in question. In this study, it is tried to reveal to what extent the prohibitions of Manichaeism were followed during the Orkhon Uyghur Khaganate and whether it had an influence on the collapse of the khaganate.

 The religion of the Orkhun Otugen Uyghur Khaganate 744-840, which was established after the collapse of the Second Göktürk Khaganate, was the Old Turkic Religion also known as Tengrism. After the establishment of the khaganate, the Tang Dynasty of China, asked for help from the Uyghurs due to the An Lu-shan Rebellion. This process started with Moyen Çor Khagan and continued during the reign of Bögü Khagan. Bögü Khagan recognized Manichaeism thanks to the priests in Lo-yang, one of the capitals of China, and after returning to his country, he accepted and made it the official religion. Although Manichaeism was not accepted by large masses during the khaganate, it had some effects on the Uyghurs. Some studies consider the Manichaean prohibitions, like not killing living creatures and not consuming meat, to have negatively impacted the warrior traits of the Uyghurs, contributing to the collapse of the Orkhun Uyghur Khaganate. These studies do not sufficiently emphasize how strictly Manichaean prohibitions were enforced during the period in question. In this study, it is tried to reveal to what extent the prohibitions of Manichaeism were followed during the Orkhon Uyghur Khaganate and whether it had an influence on the collapse of the khaganate.

 II. Göktürk Kağanlığının yıkılmasının ardından kurulan Orhun Ötüken Uygur Kağanlığının 744-840 ilk dönemlerindeki dini Gök Tanrı inancı olarak da bilinen Eski Türk Dini idi. Ancak kağanlığın kurulmasından kısa bir süre sonra Çinde iktidarı elinde tutan Tang Hanedanlığı, ortaya çıkan An Lu-shan İsyanı sebebiyle Uygurlardan yardım istedi. Moyen Çor Kağan döneminde başlayan bu yardım süreci, Bögü Kağan döneminde de devam etti. Bögü Kağan, isyanın bastırılması amacıyla Çinin başkentlerinden birisi olan Lo-yangda tanıştığı rahipler sayesinde Manihaizmi tanıdı ve ülkesine döndüğünde bu dini kabul edip devletin resmi dini haline getirdi. Her ne kadar Manihaizm kağanlık döneminde büyük kitleler tarafından kabul edilmese de bu dinin Uygurlar üzerinde birtakım etkileri oldu. Araştırmalarda bu etkilerin bazıları olumlu kabul edilse de Manihaizmde var olan hiçbir canlıyı öldürmeme ve et tüketmeme gibi Türk kültür ve yaşam tarzına uymayan yasakların, Uygurların savaşçılık özelliklerini olumsuz yönde etkilediği ve bu durumun da Orhun Uygur Kağanlığının yıkılış sürecinde tesirli olduğu iddia edilmiştir. Ancak bu araştırmalarda Manihaizmin getirdiği yasakların konumuz kapsamındaki dönemde ne derece uygulandığı üzerinde yeterince durulmamıştır. Bu çalışmada Orhun Uygur Kağanlığı döneminde Manihaizmin yasaklarına ne derece uyulduğu ve bu dinin kağanlığın yıkılışında etkisinin olup olmadığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Makale detayları

The Issue of the Effect of Manichaeism on the Collapse of Orkhun (Otugen) Uyghur Khaganate

Yazarlar:

Derya Deniz Gezer | Sefer Solmaz

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Öncesi Türk Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Selçuklu Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 9, pp.59-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333774

pISSN:

2651-2602

Uyghurs

Manichaeism

Religion

War

Priest.Uygurlar

Manihaizm

Din

Savaş

Rahip.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Derya Deniz Gezer | Sefer Solmaz

Yayıncı: Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Öncesi Türk Arkeolojisi

Dergi: Selçuklu Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 9, pp.59-73

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333774

pISSN: 2651-2602

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Derya Deniz Gezer | Sefer Solmaz

Yayıncı:

Necmettin Erbakan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Öncesi Türk Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Selçuklu Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi Issue 9, pp.59-73

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333774

pISSN:

2651-2602