Turkish-Soviet Relations Between Courtesy and Rivalry: Establishment and Activities of the Soviet Consulate in Artvin (1921-1924)

Resul Turan

Makale detayları

Turkish-Soviet Relations Between Courtesy and Rivalry: Establishment and Activities of the Soviet Consulate in Artvin (1921-1924)

Yazarlar:

Resul Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih Dergisi Issue 85, pp.229-261

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343794

pISSN:

1015-1818

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 After the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War, Artvin remained under Russian administration for approximately forty years. Following the Mondros Armistice in 1918, it was subsequently occupied by the British and the Georgians, and by early 1921, it was once again placed under Turkish control. In this new period, within the framework of friendly relations with Soviet Russia, consulates and embassies were established by both countries. The appointment of Ali Fuat Cebesoy as Ambassador to Moscow and the sending of the Soviet diplomatic mission to Ankara were concrete diplomatic steps. As a reflection of these steps, the Soviet Consulate in Artvin was established towards the end of 1921. The aim of this study is to examine the period in light of reports prepared by Aleksandr Mitrofanoviç Detisov 1921-1924, the first Soviet Consul in Artvin, which are currently held in the Russian Federation Foreign Policy Archive. The study explores the process of the consulates establishment in Artvin, a gateway to Soviet Russia, the competition and trust issues behind Turkish-Soviet friendship relations, the use of Soviet transition permits as a political pressure, the socio-economic changes in Artvin, the antiSoviet and pro-Soviet movements, and the early steps of Turkish-Soviet relations.

 After the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War, Artvin remained under Russian administration for approximately forty years. Following the Mondros Armistice in 1918, it was subsequently occupied by the British and the Georgians, and by early 1921, it was once again placed under Turkish control. In this new period, within the framework of friendly relations with Soviet Russia, consulates and embassies were established by both countries. The appointment of Ali Fuat Cebesoy as Ambassador to Moscow and the sending of the Soviet diplomatic mission to Ankara were concrete diplomatic steps. As a reflection of these steps, the Soviet Consulate in Artvin was established towards the end of 1921. The aim of this study is to examine the period in light of reports prepared by Aleksandr Mitrofanoviç Detisov 1921-1924, the first Soviet Consul in Artvin, which are currently held in the Russian Federation Foreign Policy Archive. The study explores the process of the consulates establishment in Artvin, a gateway to Soviet Russia, the competition and trust issues behind Turkish-Soviet friendship relations, the use of Soviet transition permits as a political pressure, the socio-economic changes in Artvin, the antiSoviet and pro-Soviet movements, and the early steps of Turkish-Soviet relations.

 After the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War, Artvin remained under Russian administration for approximately forty years. Following the Mondros Armistice in 1918, it was subsequently occupied by the British and the Georgians, and by early 1921, it was once again placed under Turkish control. In this new period, within the framework of friendly relations with Soviet Russia, consulates and embassies were established by both countries. The appointment of Ali Fuat Cebesoy as Ambassador to Moscow and the sending of the Soviet diplomatic mission to Ankara were concrete diplomatic steps. As a reflection of these steps, the Soviet Consulate in Artvin was established towards the end of 1921. The aim of this study is to examine the period in light of reports prepared by Aleksandr Mitrofanoviç Detisov 1921-1924, the first Soviet Consul in Artvin, which are currently held in the Russian Federation Foreign Policy Archive. The study explores the process of the consulates establishment in Artvin, a gateway to Soviet Russia, the competition and trust issues behind Turkish-Soviet friendship relations, the use of Soviet transition permits as a political pressure, the socio-economic changes in Artvin, the antiSoviet and pro-Soviet movements, and the early steps of Turkish-Soviet relations.

 Artvin, 1877-1878 Türk-Rus Savaşı sonrasında yaklaşık kırk yıl Rus idaresinde kalmış, 1918deki Mondros Mütarekesinin ardından sırasıyla İngiliz ve Gürcü işgallerine uğramış ve 1921 yılı başında yeniden Türk idaresine geçmiştir. Yeni dönemde, Sovyet Rusya ile dostluk ilişkileri çerçevesinde her iki ülkede konsolosluk ve elçilikler kurulmuştur. Ali Fuat Cebesoyun Moskova Büyükelçiliğine tayini ve Sovyet elçilik heyetinin Ankaraya gönderilmesi diplomatik alanda somut adımlar olmuştur. Bu adımların bir yansıması olarak 1921 yılı sonlarına doğru Artvin Sovyet Konsolosluğu açılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Artvindeki ilk Sovyet Konsolosu Aleksandr Mitrofanoviç Detisov 1921-1924 tarafından hazırlanan ve günümüzde Rusya Federasyonu Dış Politika Arşivinde yer alan raporlar ışığında dönemi incelemektir. Çalışma, Sovyet Rusyaya açılan bir kapı olan Artvin üzerinden konsolosluğun kuruluş sürecini, Türk-Sovyet dostluk ilişkilerinin arka planındaki rekabet ve güven sorunlarını, konsolosluğun Sovyet Rusyaya geçiş izinlerini politik bir koz olarak kullanmasını, Artvindeki sosyo-ekonomik değişimi, Sovyet karşıtı ve taraftarı hareketleri ve Türk-Sovyet ilişkilerinin ilk adımlarını ele almaktadır.

Makale detayları

Turkish-Soviet Relations Between Courtesy and Rivalry: Establishment and Activities of the Soviet Consulate in Artvin (1921-1924)

Yazarlar:

Resul Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih Dergisi Issue 85, pp.229-261

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343794

pISSN:

1015-1818

Artvin

Consul

Soviet

Russia

Border

White MovementArtvin

Konsolos

Sovyet Rusya

Sınır

Beyaz Ordu

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Resul Turan

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi: Tarih Dergisi Issue 85, pp.229-261

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001343794

pISSN: 1015-1818

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Resul Turan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Tarih Dergisi Issue 85, pp.229-261

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343794

pISSN:

1015-1818