Protection of Photographic Works on Internet Including Those Conver- ted into NFTs

Pelin Karaaslan

Makale detayları

Protection of Photographic Works on Internet Including Those Conver- ted into NFTs

Yazarlar:

Pelin Karaaslan

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 2, pp.465-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303001

pISSN:

1306-3839

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Technical, scientific and aesthetic photographs are considered as works under the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, provided that they bear the characteristics of the owner. The fact that a photograph can be considered as a work is advantageous in terms of enabling the copyright owner to benefit from the moral and financial rights regulated by the said law. Each of the moral and financial rights authorises the copyright owner to perform certain acts exclusively and to prohibit third parties from performing such acts. In other words, the copyright owner exercises his moral and financial rights through his authorisations to perform the acts specified in the relevant articles. In this study, the acts that constitute the subject matter of these authorisations and how these acts can be performed in the internet, and therefore, how the rights on photographic works can be violated in the internet environment are discussed. The study also explains the situations where NFT-linked photographic works may be legally evaluated differently compared to ordinary digital photographic works, and in general, the situations where the permission to be obtained from the right holder may be specific in the internet environment and the exceptions granted by the Law are mentioned.

 Technical, scientific and aesthetic photographs are considered as works under the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, provided that they bear the characteristics of the owner. The fact that a photograph can be considered as a work is advantageous in terms of enabling the copyright owner to benefit from the moral and financial rights regulated by the said law. Each of the moral and financial rights authorises the copyright owner to perform certain acts exclusively and to prohibit third parties from performing such acts. In other words, the copyright owner exercises his moral and financial rights through his authorisations to perform the acts specified in the relevant articles. In this study, the acts that constitute the subject matter of these authorisations and how these acts can be performed in the internet, and therefore, how the rights on photographic works can be violated in the internet environment are discussed. The study also explains the situations where NFT-linked photographic works may be legally evaluated differently compared to ordinary digital photographic works, and in general, the situations where the permission to be obtained from the right holder may be specific in the internet environment and the exceptions granted by the Law are mentioned.

 Technical, scientific and aesthetic photographs are considered as works under the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works, provided that they bear the characteristics of the owner. The fact that a photograph can be considered as a work is advantageous in terms of enabling the copyright owner to benefit from the moral and financial rights regulated by the said law. Each of the moral and financial rights authorises the copyright owner to perform certain acts exclusively and to prohibit third parties from performing such acts. In other words, the copyright owner exercises his moral and financial rights through his authorisations to perform the acts specified in the relevant articles. In this study, the acts that constitute the subject matter of these authorisations and how these acts can be performed in the internet, and therefore, how the rights on photographic works can be violated in the internet environment are discussed. The study also explains the situations where NFT-linked photographic works may be legally evaluated differently compared to ordinary digital photographic works, and in general, the situations where the permission to be obtained from the right holder may be specific in the internet environment and the exceptions granted by the Law are mentioned.

 Teknik ve bilimsel nitelikteki fotoğraflar ile estetik değer taşıyan fotoğraflar, sahibinin hususiyetini taşımak kaydıyla Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu uyarınca eser sıfatını kazanır. Fotoğrafın eser olarak nitelendirilebiliyor oluşu, eser sahibinin Kanun ile düzenlenen manevi ve mali haklardan yararlanabilmesine imkan vermek açısından önem taşır. Manevi ve mali hakların her biri eser sahibinin belirli fiilleri münhasıran yapabilmesi ve üçüncü kişilerin bu fiilleri gerçekleştirmesini yasaklaması yönünde yetkiler içerir. Bir diğer ifadeyle eser sahibi, manevi ve mali haklarını, ilgili maddelerde belirtilen fiilleri gerçekleştirmek hususundaki yetkileri vasıtasıyla kullanır. Çalışmada, bu yetkilerin konusunu oluşturan fiillerin neler olduğu ve internet ortamında bu fiillerin nasıl gerçekleştirilebileceği, dolayısıyla internet ortamındaki fotoğraf eserleri üzerindeki hakların ne şekilde ihlal edilebileceği ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, NFT bağlantılı fotoğraf eserlerinin, sıradan dijital fotoğraf eserlerine kıyasla hukuken daha farklı değerlendirilebileceği durumlar açıklanmış ve genel olarak hak sahibinden alınması gereken iznin internet ortamında özellik arz edebileceği haller ile Kanunun tanıdığı istisnalara değinilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Protection of Photographic Works on Internet Including Those Conver- ted into NFTs

Yazarlar:

Pelin Karaaslan

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 2, pp.465-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303001

pISSN:

1306-3839

Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works

internet

NFT

photorealistic graphics

photographyFikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu

internet

NFT

fotogerçekçi grafikler

fotoğraf

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Pelin Karaaslan

Yayıncı: Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar: Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku

Dergi: Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 2, pp.465-510

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303001

pISSN: 1306-3839

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Pelin Karaaslan

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Ana Başlıklar:

Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku

Dergi:

Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.18 Issue 2, pp.465-510

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303001

pISSN:

1306-3839