OCCUPATION AND MANAGEMENT DEBATES OF THE CİTY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE BRITISH AND THE NON-MUSLIMS OF IZMIR

Sezen Karabulut

Makale detayları

OCCUPATION AND MANAGEMENT DEBATES OF THE CİTY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE BRITISH AND THE NON-MUSLIMS OF IZMIR

Yazarlar:

Sezen Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.95-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296869

pISSN:

1300-0756

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study examines British archaeologist Ronald M. Burrows individual letters published in The Times during the Paris Peace Conference 1919 that attracted attention of non-Muslims of Izmir. Discussions regarding his letters that originally stand in favor of Greek official ideology started with the first letter published on 24 March 1919 as well as reactions against Burrows points led by certain ethnic groups in İzmir. As a Hellenophile, Burrows letters were directly addressed to the editor of The Times and often stated that Izmir must be included to the Greek administrative structure. While some non-Muslims supported Burrows idealizations, some others did not agree with his demands. Since the letters mention certain statistical data regarding the city, this article provides information about trade, ethcnic structure, mode of production and exported goods. The letters in response to Burrows were often written anonymously, or with a nom de guerre. Since the letters indicated forming a non-Ottoman administration for Izmir, it is estimated that the owners of the letters were originally not having Muslim-Turkish backgrounds. Moreover, analyzing the letters deeply revealed the commercial concerns of these people. This study contributes how the non-Muslims viewed the occupation and administration of Izmir during the Paris Peace Conference. Certain examples were provided for understanding their views, concerns and the reflexes to protect their position vis-à-vis the possible subsequent order. Furthermore, the Western contribution to the lobbying of Greece during the conference was also exemplified within the context of Burrows standings.

 This study examines British archaeologist Ronald M. Burrows individual letters published in The Times during the Paris Peace Conference 1919 that attracted attention of non-Muslims of Izmir. Discussions regarding his letters that originally stand in favor of Greek official ideology started with the first letter published on 24 March 1919 as well as reactions against Burrows points led by certain ethnic groups in İzmir. As a Hellenophile, Burrows letters were directly addressed to the editor of The Times and often stated that Izmir must be included to the Greek administrative structure. While some non-Muslims supported Burrows idealizations, some others did not agree with his demands. Since the letters mention certain statistical data regarding the city, this article provides information about trade, ethcnic structure, mode of production and exported goods. The letters in response to Burrows were often written anonymously, or with a nom de guerre. Since the letters indicated forming a non-Ottoman administration for Izmir, it is estimated that the owners of the letters were originally not having Muslim-Turkish backgrounds. Moreover, analyzing the letters deeply revealed the commercial concerns of these people. This study contributes how the non-Muslims viewed the occupation and administration of Izmir during the Paris Peace Conference. Certain examples were provided for understanding their views, concerns and the reflexes to protect their position vis-à-vis the possible subsequent order. Furthermore, the Western contribution to the lobbying of Greece during the conference was also exemplified within the context of Burrows standings.

 This study examines British archaeologist Ronald M. Burrows individual letters published in The Times during the Paris Peace Conference 1919 that attracted attention of non-Muslims of Izmir. Discussions regarding his letters that originally stand in favor of Greek official ideology started with the first letter published on 24 March 1919 as well as reactions against Burrows points led by certain ethnic groups in İzmir. As a Hellenophile, Burrows letters were directly addressed to the editor of The Times and often stated that Izmir must be included to the Greek administrative structure. While some non-Muslims supported Burrows idealizations, some others did not agree with his demands. Since the letters mention certain statistical data regarding the city, this article provides information about trade, ethcnic structure, mode of production and exported goods. The letters in response to Burrows were often written anonymously, or with a nom de guerre. Since the letters indicated forming a non-Ottoman administration for Izmir, it is estimated that the owners of the letters were originally not having Muslim-Turkish backgrounds. Moreover, analyzing the letters deeply revealed the commercial concerns of these people. This study contributes how the non-Muslims viewed the occupation and administration of Izmir during the Paris Peace Conference. Certain examples were provided for understanding their views, concerns and the reflexes to protect their position vis-à-vis the possible subsequent order. Furthermore, the Western contribution to the lobbying of Greece during the conference was also exemplified within the context of Burrows standings.

 Bu çalışma, Britanyalı arkeolog Ronald M. Burrowsun, Paris Barış Konferansı 1919 devam ederken İngiliz The Times gazetesinde yayınlanan Yunan yanlısı mektuplarını ve bu mektuplara İzmirli gayrimüslimlerin verdikleri tepkileri değerlendirmektedir. Tartışmalar, Burrowsun 24 Mart 1919 tarihinde yayınlanan ilk mektubu ve İzmirde yaşayan bazı etnik ve dini unsurların bu mektuba cevap vermesiyle başlamıştır. Bir helenofil olan Burrows, The Times gazetesi editörüne yazdığı mektupta İzmirin Yunanistana bağlanmasını talep etmiş, ancak bazı İzmirli gayrimüslimler Burrowsun taleplerine karşı çıkmış, bazıları ise onu destekler mahiyette yazılar kaleme almışlardır. Şehir hakkında bilgi sahibi olduğu belli olan bu kişiler yazılarında bir takım bilgi ve istatistikleri de kullanmışlardır. Bu istatistiklerden; ticaret, etnik yapı, üretim kalemleri, ihraç ürünleri gibi bir takım özel bilgilere ulaşmak da mümkündür. Burrowsa cevap niteliğindeki mektuplardan bazıları isimsiz veya müstear kullanılarak yazılmıştır. Mektuplardaki taleplerde, İzmir şehrinin yönetimi için Osmanlı Devleti dışındaki merkezler işaret edildiğinden mektup sahiplerinin Müslüman-Türk unsurdan olmadığı tahmin edilmektedir. Satır aralarında bu kişilerin ticari kaygıları da ön plana çıkmıştır. Çalışmada Paris Barış Konferansı devam ederken İzmirin işgali ve yönetimi tartışmalarına gayrimüslimlerin nasıl baktıklarına dair de bir katkı sunulmuş, onların görüşleri, kaygıları ve yeni düzende mevkilerini koruma reflekslerinden örnekler verilmiştir. Ayrıca Burrowsun talepleri bağlamında, konferans sırasında Yunanistanın lobi faaliyetlerine Batılıların sunduğu katkı da örneklendirilmişti.

Makale detayları

OCCUPATION AND MANAGEMENT DEBATES OF THE CİTY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE BRITISH AND THE NON-MUSLIMS OF IZMIR

Yazarlar:

Sezen Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.95-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296869

pISSN:

1300-0756

Non-muslims of Izmir

Ethnic Minorities

Occupation of Izmir

Paris Peace Conference

Ronald M. Burrows

Greek Occupation

Greeks of Izmirİzmirli Gayrimüslimler

Azınlıklar

İzmir’in İşgali

Paris Barış Konferansı

Ronald M. Burrows

İzmirli Rumlar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Sezen Karabulut

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.95-124

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001296869

pISSN: 1300-0756

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Sezen Karabulut

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 46, pp.95-124

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001296869

pISSN:

1300-0756