Phytochemical and Antioxidant Characterization of Centaurea macrocephala Willd.: With Notes on Chemotaxonomic Relevance

Nursen Aksu Kalmuk

Makale detayları

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Characterization of Centaurea macrocephala Willd.: With Notes on Chemotaxonomic Relevance

Yazarlar:

Nursen Aksu Kalmuk

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 3, pp.1196-1219

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358301

pISSN:

2564-7377

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Centaurea macrocephala Willd. Asteraceae is a perennial herbaceous plant that has been relatively understudied in terms of its phytochemical composition and chemotaxonomic classification. Various Centaurea species are widely recognized for their medicinal properties. However, the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and volatile profile of C. macrocephala remain largely unexplored. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of C. macrocephala, focusing on its flowers, leaves, and stems. The phenolic composition was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC, while antioxidant activity was assessed through Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power FRAP and Copper Reducing Antioxidant Capacity CUPRAC assays. Additionally, volatile compounds were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled with Solid-Phase Microextraction GC-MS-SPME. The leaves showed the highest levels of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which may explain the stronger antioxidant responses observed in FRAP and CUPRAC results. HPLC analysis identified chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin derivatives as the dominant phenolic compounds. GC-MS-SPME analysis revealed that the volatile composition of C. macrocephala is predominantly characterized by aldehydes and ketones, distinguishing it from other Centaurea species, which are typically rich in sesquiterpenes.

 Centaurea macrocephala Willd. Asteraceae is a perennial herbaceous plant that has been relatively understudied in terms of its phytochemical composition and chemotaxonomic classification. Various Centaurea species are widely recognized for their medicinal properties. However, the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and volatile profile of C. macrocephala remain largely unexplored. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of C. macrocephala, focusing on its flowers, leaves, and stems. The phenolic composition was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC, while antioxidant activity was assessed through Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power FRAP and Copper Reducing Antioxidant Capacity CUPRAC assays. Additionally, volatile compounds were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled with Solid-Phase Microextraction GC-MS-SPME. The leaves showed the highest levels of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which may explain the stronger antioxidant responses observed in FRAP and CUPRAC results. HPLC analysis identified chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin derivatives as the dominant phenolic compounds. GC-MS-SPME analysis revealed that the volatile composition of C. macrocephala is predominantly characterized by aldehydes and ketones, distinguishing it from other Centaurea species, which are typically rich in sesquiterpenes.

 Centaurea macrocephala Willd. Asteraceae is a perennial herbaceous plant that has been relatively understudied in terms of its phytochemical composition and chemotaxonomic classification. Various Centaurea species are widely recognized for their medicinal properties. However, the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and volatile profile of C. macrocephala remain largely unexplored. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the phytochemical profile and antioxidant properties of C. macrocephala, focusing on its flowers, leaves, and stems. The phenolic composition was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC, while antioxidant activity was assessed through Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power FRAP and Copper Reducing Antioxidant Capacity CUPRAC assays. Additionally, volatile compounds were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry coupled with Solid-Phase Microextraction GC-MS-SPME. The leaves showed the highest levels of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which may explain the stronger antioxidant responses observed in FRAP and CUPRAC results. HPLC analysis identified chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin derivatives as the dominant phenolic compounds. GC-MS-SPME analysis revealed that the volatile composition of C. macrocephala is predominantly characterized by aldehydes and ketones, distinguishing it from other Centaurea species, which are typically rich in sesquiterpenes.

 Centaurea macrocephala Willd. Asteraceae, fitokimyasal bileşimi ve kemotaksonomik sınıflandırması açısından nispeten az çalışılmış, çok yıllık otsu bir bitkidir. Çeşitli Centaurea türleri tıbbi özellikleriyle geniş ölçüde tanınmaktadır. Ancak C. macrocephalanın fenolik bileşimi, antioksidan aktivitesi ve uçucu bileşen profili büyük ölçüde araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışma, C. macrocephalanın çiçek, yaprak ve gövde kısımlarına odaklanarak fitokimyasal profilini ve antioksidan özelliklerini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Fenolik bileşim, Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografi HPLC yöntemiyle belirlenirken, antioksidan aktivite ise Demir İyonu İndirgeme Antioksidan Gücü FRAP ve Bakır İyonu İndirgeme Kapasitesi CUPRAC analizleriyle ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, uçucu bileşenler Katı Faz Mikroekstraksiyon ile Eşleştirilmiş Gaz Kromatografi-Kütle Spektrometrisi GC-MS-SPME yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapraklar, toplam fenolik ve flavonoid bileşiklerin en yüksek düzeylerini göstermiştir; bu durum, FRAP ve CUPRAC sonuçlarında gözlemlenen daha güçlü antioksidan tepkileri açıklayabilir. HPLC analizi, klorojenik asit, rutin ve kuersetin türevlerinin baskın fenolik bileşikler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. GC-MS-SPME analizi, C. macrocephalanın uçucu bileşik profilinin esas olarak aldehitler ve ketonlarla karakterize edildiğini göstermiştir. Bu durum, tipik olarak sekiterpenler açısından zengin olan diğer Centaurea türlerinden farklılık göstermektedir.

Makale detayları

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Characterization of Centaurea macrocephala Willd.: With Notes on Chemotaxonomic Relevance

Yazarlar:

Nursen Aksu Kalmuk

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 3, pp.1196-1219

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358301

pISSN:

2564-7377

Centaurea macrocephala

Chemotaxonomy

Antioxidant activity

HPLC

GC-MS-SPMECentaurea macrocephala

Kemotaksonomi

Antioksidan aktivite

HPLC

GC-MS-SPME

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nursen Aksu Kalmuk

Yayıncı: Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar: Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer)

Dergi: Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 3, pp.1196-1219

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001358301

pISSN: 2564-7377

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nursen Aksu Kalmuk

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Biyokimya ve Hücre Biyolojisi (Diğer)

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 3, pp.1196-1219

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001358301

pISSN:

2564-7377