EFFECTS OF THINNING AND GRAZING ON THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GROUND VEGETATION IN FIR-CEDAR-FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL TAURUS MOUNTAINS, TURKIYE

Yıldız Güneş

Makale detayları

EFFECTS OF THINNING AND GRAZING ON THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GROUND VEGETATION IN FIR-CEDAR-FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL TAURUS MOUNTAINS, TURKIYE

Yazarlar:

Yıldız Güneş

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Orman Biyoçeşitliliği

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.155-177

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303285

pISSN:

2618-6616

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The forests of Cedrus libani and Abies cilicica in the middle Taurus Mountains in southern Turkiye are heavily degraded by traditional land use. Population, working in the agricultural sector migrates in summer with their cattle, sheep and goats from lowlands to highlands because the pastures there are prolific due to higher precipitation. The forests have been opened up by grazing and timber cutting. Both effects on the ground vegetation of forests with cedar and fir are examined in the study. Intensive grazing changed the plant species composition as the animals prefer tasty as food. This has led to dominance of inedible plant species, like thorny, prickly, poisonous species and those armoured species with rosettes. Although the sensitive species were reduced by intensive grazing, plant diversity increased. While the rate of hemicryptophytes, camaphytes and geophytes is generally high in the study area, the rate of therophytes is quite low. Generally, the perennial plants were favoured by grazing. On the other hand, the annual species preferred by the cattle fell back. The effect of timber use by illegal logging shows that light demanding plant species have colonised the lighter parts of the formerly closed and semi-closed forests.

 The forests of Cedrus libani and Abies cilicica in the middle Taurus Mountains in southern Turkiye are heavily degraded by traditional land use. Population, working in the agricultural sector migrates in summer with their cattle, sheep and goats from lowlands to highlands because the pastures there are prolific due to higher precipitation. The forests have been opened up by grazing and timber cutting. Both effects on the ground vegetation of forests with cedar and fir are examined in the study. Intensive grazing changed the plant species composition as the animals prefer tasty as food. This has led to dominance of inedible plant species, like thorny, prickly, poisonous species and those armoured species with rosettes. Although the sensitive species were reduced by intensive grazing, plant diversity increased. While the rate of hemicryptophytes, camaphytes and geophytes is generally high in the study area, the rate of therophytes is quite low. Generally, the perennial plants were favoured by grazing. On the other hand, the annual species preferred by the cattle fell back. The effect of timber use by illegal logging shows that light demanding plant species have colonised the lighter parts of the formerly closed and semi-closed forests.

 The forests of Cedrus libani and Abies cilicica in the middle Taurus Mountains in southern Turkiye are heavily degraded by traditional land use. Population, working in the agricultural sector migrates in summer with their cattle, sheep and goats from lowlands to highlands because the pastures there are prolific due to higher precipitation. The forests have been opened up by grazing and timber cutting. Both effects on the ground vegetation of forests with cedar and fir are examined in the study. Intensive grazing changed the plant species composition as the animals prefer tasty as food. This has led to dominance of inedible plant species, like thorny, prickly, poisonous species and those armoured species with rosettes. Although the sensitive species were reduced by intensive grazing, plant diversity increased. While the rate of hemicryptophytes, camaphytes and geophytes is generally high in the study area, the rate of therophytes is quite low. Generally, the perennial plants were favoured by grazing. On the other hand, the annual species preferred by the cattle fell back. The effect of timber use by illegal logging shows that light demanding plant species have colonised the lighter parts of the formerly closed and semi-closed forests.

 Türkiyenin güneyindeki orta Toros Dağlarındaki Cedrus libani ve Abies cilicica ormanları, geleneksel arazi kullanımı nedeniyle büyük ölçüde bozulmaktadır. Bölgede geleneksel yaşam tarzına sahip insanlar, yaz aylarında büyükbaş, koyun ve keçileriyle ovalardan yaylalara göç eder, çünkü oradaki meralar yağışların yüksek olması nedeniyle verimlidir. Orman içi otlatma ve illegal ağaç kesiminden dolayı orman içi aydınlatılmıştır. Çalışmada sedir ve köknar ormanlarında, orman içi otlatma ve ağaç kesiminin toprak bitki örtüsü üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Hayvanlar yiyecek olarak lezzetli türleri tercih ettikleri için yoğun otlatma yapılan yerlerde bitki türlerinin kompozisyonu değişmiştir. Bu durum hayvanların tüketmediği dikenli, aromalı ve toksit madde içeren türlerin bölgede dominant duruma geçmesine yol açmıştır. Yoğun otlatma yapılan sahalarda bazı hassas türler azalma gösterirken, genel olarak bitki tür çeşitliliğinde artış gözlenmiştir. Çalışma alanında hemikriptofit, kamafit ve geofitlerin genel olarak oranı yüksekken, buna karşın therofitlerin oranı oldukça düşüktür. Genellikle otlatma sahasında çok yıllık bitkilerde artış mevcutken, hayvanlar tarafından tercih edilen tek yıllık türlerin oranında azalma gözlenmiştir. İllegal ağaç kesimine bağlı olarak oluşan orman içi aydınlatması sonucunda ise yarı ışık ve ışık istegi yüksek olan türlerin orman içindeki oranında artış tespit edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

EFFECTS OF THINNING AND GRAZING ON THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GROUND VEGETATION IN FIR-CEDAR-FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL TAURUS MOUNTAINS, TURKIYE

Yazarlar:

Yıldız Güneş

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Orman Biyoçeşitliliği

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.155-177

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303285

pISSN:

2618-6616

Thinning

fir-cedar-forests

grazing

Changes in species composition

species characteristics.Aralama

köknar-sedir-ormanları

otlatma

tür kompozisyonundaki değişiklikler

tür özellikleri

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Yıldız Güneş

Yayıncı: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar: Orman Biyoçeşitliliği

Dergi: Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.155-177

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303285

pISSN: 2618-6616

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Yıldız Güneş

Yayıncı:

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Ana Başlıklar:

Orman Biyoçeşitliliği

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Forest Science Vol.7 Issue 2, pp.155-177

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303285

pISSN:

2618-6616