A Text Shedding Light on the Early Period of the Muqarrirs’ Assembly: Ismāʿīl Mufīd’s Exegesis of the First-Two Verses of Surah al-Tawbah

Harun Abacı

Makale detayları

A Text Shedding Light on the Early Period of the Muqarrirs’ Assembly: Ismāʿīl Mufīd’s Exegesis of the First-Two Verses of Surah al-Tawbah

Yazarlar:

Harun Abacı

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.987-1008

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357944

pISSN:

2147-8171

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 During the Ottoman period, special tafsīr exegesis lectures were conducted in the presence and under the patronage of the sultan during the month of Ramaḍān, with the participation of the leading scholars of the time, within a structured framework of principles and procedures. These lectures, known as the Huzur Lectures, officially commenced in 11721759 and continued until the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. Throughout this period, numerous scholars participated in these sessions as muqarrirs lecturers and muḥāṭabs respondents. The preparatory tafsīr discussions held in connection with the Huzur Lectures were referred to as the Muqarrirs Assembly Majlis al-Muqarrirīn. One of the scholars who served as a muqarrir in both the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly was Ismāʿīl Mufīd, who spent most of his life as a mudarris. Despite being a prolific scholar who authored numerous works in various disciplines, biographical information about him is quite limited in the sources. This article examines the life, works, and scholarly gatherings in which Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated. Additionally, it analyzes his role as a muqarrir in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly convened in Ramaḍān 11991785, during which he delivered an exegesis on the first two verses of Sūrat al-Tawbah. The only known manuscript of this treatise is preserved in the Süleymaniye Library. The study first explores Ismāʿīl Mufīds biography and scholarly contributions, followed by an evaluation of the treatise in terms of content and methodology, along with an assessment of its sources through a scholarly analysis. The critical edition of the treatise is presented in the final section. The extant records of the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly are quite scarce. Sources indicate that Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated as a muqarrir in the first Huzur Lecture of 11971783, though no detailed information about the content of his lecture is available. Although a chronological classification of the verses discussed in these lectures has provided some insights into the early period, no information is available regarding Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly of 11991785. To fill this gap, this study examines a manuscript identified among handwritten sources, which is now understood to belong to the same assembly. This text is one of the earliest known documents concerning the Muqarrirs Assembly and provides significant insights into its operation and content. In this context, the article presents the critical edition and analysis of this previously unmentioned and notably early text, shedding light on the formative period of the Muqarrirs Assembly. Thus, this study offers an important contribution to research on the Muqarrirs Assembly and enriches the academic literature in this field. In this work, like in the Huzur Lectures, Ismāʿīl Mufīd mainly referred to al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr and used the dirāyah method, which focusses on language and meaning in tafsīr studies. However, he did not solely rely on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr; he also utilized the works of esteemed commentators such as al-Zamakhsharī, Abū al-Suʿūd, and al-Ḥafājī, thereby examining the issues from a broad perspective and producing a well-grounded and valuable scholarly text. This demonstrates that the author engaged in a meticulous preparatory process before delivering his lesson and highlights his profound expertise in the science of tafsīr. Another noteworthy aspect of the treatise is its carefully crafted and original nature. While tafsīr works generally feature extensive quotations from earlier sources, Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition contains remarkably few verbatim citations, further showcasing his scholarly depth and the unique character of the text. His explanations, analyses, preferences, and assessments regarding the exegesis of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 provide valuable insights into his exegetical proficiency. However, a more comprehensive evaluation of his contributions to the science of tafsīr necessitates an in-depth examination of his other works in this field. Following this study, it is evident that a more extensive scholarly investigation is required to explore Ismāʿīl Mufīds exegetical approach, particularly within the framework of his glosses ḥāshiyah on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr. Such research is anticipated to fill a significant gap in the field and provide a valuable contribution to tafsīr studies.

 Osmanlı döneminde Ramazan aylarında, padişahın himayesinde ve huzurunda, devrin önde gelen âlimlerinin iştirakiyle belirli usul ve kaideler çerçevesinde tertip edilen özel tefsir dersleri icra edilmekteydi. Huzur Dersleri olarak adlandırılan bu dersler, resmî olarak 11721759 yılında başlamış ve hilafetin ilgasına kadar, 1924 yılına dek devam etmiştir. Bu süreçte, pek çok âlim mukarrir ve muhatap olarak derslere iştirak etmiştir. Huzur derslerine bağlı olarak ve ön hazırlık mahiyetinde icra edilen tefsir dersleri ise Mukarrirler Meclisi olarak adlandırılmaktaydı. Hem huzur derslerinde hem de mukarrirler meclisinde mukarrir olarak vazife icra eden âlimlerden biri de ömrünün büyük bir kısmını müderris olarak geçiren İsmail Müfiddir. Çeşitli ilim sahalarında pek çok eser kaleme alan velûd bir âlim olmasına rağmen, kendisi hakkında kaynaklardaki mevcut bilgiler oldukça sınırlıdır. Makalede, İsmail Müfidin 11991785 yılı Ramazanında, dokuzuncu mukarrirler meclisinde mukarrir olarak takrir ettiği Tevbe Sûresinin ilk iki ayetinin tefsirine dair çalışması merkeze alınmıştır. Söz konusu risalenin bilinen tek nüshası, Süleymaniye Kütüphanesinde kayıtlıdır. Çalışmada, önce İsmail Müfidin biyografisi ve ilmî mirası ele alınmış, ardından risale içerik ve yöntem açısından değerlendirilmiş, kaynakları tespit edilerek ilmî analizi yapılmıştır. Risalenin tahkikli neşrine ise son bölümde yer verilmiştir. Huzur dersleri ve mukarrirler meclisine dair günümüze ulaşan belgeler oldukça sınırlıdır. Kaynaklarda, 11971783 yılına ait ilk huzur derslerinde İsmail Müfidin mukarrirlik yaptığı belirtilmekteyse de dersin içeriği hakkında detaylı bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Derslerde işlenen ayetlere göre yapılan kronolojik tasnif çalışmalarında ilk döneme dair bazı tespitler bulunmakla birlikte, İsmail Müfidin 11991785 yılında dokuzuncu mukarrirler meclisinde işlediği Tevbe Sûresinin 1-2. ayetleri hakkında herhangi bir bilgiye yer verilmemektedir. İşte söz konusu boşluğu doldurmaya yönelik olarak, yazma eserler arasında tespit edilen ve aynı meclise ait olduğu anlaşılan bu nüsha, mukarrirler meclisinin işleyişi ve içeriğine dair şimdiye kadar ortaya çıkarılan en eski metinlerden biri olarak önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, makalede mukarrirler meclisinin erken dönemine dair önemli bilgiler sunan, kaynaklarda ismi zikredilmeyen oldukça eski bir metin tespit edilerek, tahkik ve tahlili gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, mukarrirler meclisiyle ilgili araştırmalara önemli bir katkı sağlamakta ve bu alandaki literatürü zenginleştirmesi açısından değer taşımaktadır. İsmail Müfid, bu risalede -tıpkı huzur derslerinde olduğu gibi- mukarrirler meclisinde de Beyzâvî tefsirini temel kaynak olarak esas almış; tefsir ilminde ise dil ve anlam derinliğine dayalı dirayet metodunu benimsemiştir. Ancak yalnızca Beyzâvî tefsiriyle yetinmeyip, Zemahşerî, Ebüssuûd ve Hafâcî gibi muteber müfessirlerin eserlerinden de istifade ederek meseleleri geniş bir perspektifle ele almış, böylelikle ilmî açıdan sağlam ve kıymetli bir metin vücuda getirmiştir. Bu durum, müellifin ders öncesinde titiz bir hazırlık süreci yürüttüğünü ve tefsir ilmine olan vukufiyetini göstermektedir. Ayrıca İsmail Müfidin, risalede birebir iktibaslara çok az yer vermesi, onun ilmî derinliğini ve metnin özgün karakterini ortaya koymaktadır. Müellifin, Tevbe Sûresinin 1-2. ayetlerine dair yaptığı açıklamalar, tahlil, tercih ve değerlendirmeler ise tefsir ilmindeki birikimini ve yorum gücünü açıkça yansıtmaktadır. Ancak bu hususta daha geniş kapsamlı bir değerlendirme yapabilmek için müellifin tefsir sahasındaki diğer eserlerinin de detaylı bir şekilde tetkik edilmesi elzemdir. Bu makalenin ardından, bilhassa Beyzâvî tefsiri üzerine kaleme aldığı haşiyesi bağlamında İsmail Müfidin müfessirlik yönünü ele alan ve tefsir ilmindeki katkılarını ortaya koyan daha kapsamlı bir araştırmaya ihtiyaç olduğu aşikârdır. Bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilecek bir ilmî çalışmanın, alandaki önemli bir boşluğu dolduracağı ve tefsir literatürüne kıymetli bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

 During the Ottoman period, special tafsīr exegesis lectures were conducted in the presence and under the patronage of the sultan during the month of Ramaḍān, with the participation of the leading scholars of the time, within a structured framework of principles and procedures. These lectures, known as the Huzur Lectures, officially commenced in 11721759 and continued until the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. Throughout this period, numerous scholars participated in these sessions as muqarrirs lecturers and muḥāṭabs respondents. The preparatory tafsīr discussions held in connection with the Huzur Lectures were referred to as the Muqarrirs Assembly Majlis al-Muqarrirīn. One of the scholars who served as a muqarrir in both the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly was Ismāʿīl Mufīd, who spent most of his life as a mudarris. Despite being a prolific scholar who authored numerous works in various disciplines, biographical information about him is quite limited in the sources. This article examines the life, works, and scholarly gatherings in which Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated. Additionally, it analyzes his role as a muqarrir in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly convened in Ramaḍān 11991785, during which he delivered an exegesis on the first two verses of Sūrat al-Tawbah. The only known manuscript of this treatise is preserved in the Süleymaniye Library. The study first explores Ismāʿīl Mufīds biography and scholarly contributions, followed by an evaluation of the treatise in terms of content and methodology, along with an assessment of its sources through a scholarly analysis. The critical edition of the treatise is presented in the final section. The extant records of the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly are quite scarce. Sources indicate that Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated as a muqarrir in the first Huzur Lecture of 11971783, though no detailed information about the content of his lecture is available. Although a chronological classification of the verses discussed in these lectures has provided some insights into the early period, no information is available regarding Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly of 11991785. To fill this gap, this study examines a manuscript identified among handwritten sources, which is now understood to belong to the same assembly. This text is one of the earliest known documents concerning the Muqarrirs Assembly and provides significant insights into its operation and content. In this context, the article presents the critical edition and analysis of this previously unmentioned and notably early text, shedding light on the formative period of the Muqarrirs Assembly. Thus, this study offers an important contribution to research on the Muqarrirs Assembly and enriches the academic literature in this field. In this work, like in the Huzur Lectures, Ismāʿīl Mufīd mainly referred to al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr and used the dirāyah method, which focusses on language and meaning in tafsīr studies. However, he did not solely rely on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr; he also utilized the works of esteemed commentators such as al-Zamakhsharī, Abū al-Suʿūd, and al-Ḥafājī, thereby examining the issues from a broad perspective and producing a well-grounded and valuable scholarly text. This demonstrates that the author engaged in a meticulous preparatory process before delivering his lesson and highlights his profound expertise in the science of tafsīr. Another noteworthy aspect of the treatise is its carefully crafted and original nature. While tafsīr works generally feature extensive quotations from earlier sources, Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition contains remarkably few verbatim citations, further showcasing his scholarly depth and the unique character of the text. His explanations, analyses, preferences, and assessments regarding the exegesis of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 provide valuable insights into his exegetical proficiency. However, a more comprehensive evaluation of his contributions to the science of tafsīr necessitates an in-depth examination of his other works in this field. Following this study, it is evident that a more extensive scholarly investigation is required to explore Ismāʿīl Mufīds exegetical approach, particularly within the framework of his glosses ḥāshiyah on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr. Such research is anticipated to fill a significant gap in the field and provide a valuable contribution to tafsīr studies.

 During the Ottoman period, special tafsīr exegesis lectures were conducted in the presence and under the patronage of the sultan during the month of Ramaḍān, with the participation of the leading scholars of the time, within a structured framework of principles and procedures. These lectures, known as the Huzur Lectures, officially commenced in 11721759 and continued until the abolition of the caliphate in 1924. Throughout this period, numerous scholars participated in these sessions as muqarrirs lecturers and muḥāṭabs respondents. The preparatory tafsīr discussions held in connection with the Huzur Lectures were referred to as the Muqarrirs Assembly Majlis al-Muqarrirīn. One of the scholars who served as a muqarrir in both the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly was Ismāʿīl Mufīd, who spent most of his life as a mudarris. Despite being a prolific scholar who authored numerous works in various disciplines, biographical information about him is quite limited in the sources. This article examines the life, works, and scholarly gatherings in which Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated. Additionally, it analyzes his role as a muqarrir in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly convened in Ramaḍān 11991785, during which he delivered an exegesis on the first two verses of Sūrat al-Tawbah. The only known manuscript of this treatise is preserved in the Süleymaniye Library. The study first explores Ismāʿīl Mufīds biography and scholarly contributions, followed by an evaluation of the treatise in terms of content and methodology, along with an assessment of its sources through a scholarly analysis. The critical edition of the treatise is presented in the final section. The extant records of the Huzur Lectures and the Muqarrirs Assembly are quite scarce. Sources indicate that Ismāʿīl Mufīd participated as a muqarrir in the first Huzur Lecture of 11971783, though no detailed information about the content of his lecture is available. Although a chronological classification of the verses discussed in these lectures has provided some insights into the early period, no information is available regarding Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 in the ninth Muqarrirs Assembly of 11991785. To fill this gap, this study examines a manuscript identified among handwritten sources, which is now understood to belong to the same assembly. This text is one of the earliest known documents concerning the Muqarrirs Assembly and provides significant insights into its operation and content. In this context, the article presents the critical edition and analysis of this previously unmentioned and notably early text, shedding light on the formative period of the Muqarrirs Assembly. Thus, this study offers an important contribution to research on the Muqarrirs Assembly and enriches the academic literature in this field. In this work, like in the Huzur Lectures, Ismāʿīl Mufīd mainly referred to al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr and used the dirāyah method, which focusses on language and meaning in tafsīr studies. However, he did not solely rely on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr; he also utilized the works of esteemed commentators such as al-Zamakhsharī, Abū al-Suʿūd, and al-Ḥafājī, thereby examining the issues from a broad perspective and producing a well-grounded and valuable scholarly text. This demonstrates that the author engaged in a meticulous preparatory process before delivering his lesson and highlights his profound expertise in the science of tafsīr. Another noteworthy aspect of the treatise is its carefully crafted and original nature. While tafsīr works generally feature extensive quotations from earlier sources, Ismāʿīl Mufīds exposition contains remarkably few verbatim citations, further showcasing his scholarly depth and the unique character of the text. His explanations, analyses, preferences, and assessments regarding the exegesis of Sūrat al-Tawbah 1-2 provide valuable insights into his exegetical proficiency. However, a more comprehensive evaluation of his contributions to the science of tafsīr necessitates an in-depth examination of his other works in this field. Following this study, it is evident that a more extensive scholarly investigation is required to explore Ismāʿīl Mufīds exegetical approach, particularly within the framework of his glosses ḥāshiyah on al-Bayḍāwīs tafsīr. Such research is anticipated to fill a significant gap in the field and provide a valuable contribution to tafsīr studies.

Makale detayları

A Text Shedding Light on the Early Period of the Muqarrirs’ Assembly: Ismāʿīl Mufīd’s Exegesis of the First-Two Verses of Surah al-Tawbah

Yazarlar:

Harun Abacı

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.987-1008

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357944

pISSN:

2147-8171

Tafsīr

Muqarrirs’ Assembly

Huzur Lectures

Ismāil Mufīd

Tafsīr Tradition

Critical EditionTefsir

Mukarrirler Meclisi

Huzur Dersleri

İsmail Müfid

Tefsir Geleneği

Tahkikli Neşir

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Harun Abacı

Yayıncı: Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar: Tefsir

Dergi: Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.987-1008

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001357944

pISSN: 2147-8171

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Harun Abacı

Yayıncı:

Eskişehir Osmangazi University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tefsir

Dergi:

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.987-1008

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357944

pISSN:

2147-8171