The Reliability Problem of Sīrah Narrations in Fiqh Literature: The Transmission of Sīrah from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd

Saffet Kurt; Levent Öztürk

Makale detayları

The Reliability Problem of Sīrah Narrations in Fiqh Literature: The Transmission of Sīrah from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd

Yazarlar:

Saffet Kurt | Levent Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.206-222

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350288

pISSN:

2757-8399

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study investigates why Sīrah narrations are included in fiqh literature and analyzes the transmission process of narrations attributed to ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr d. 94713 as found in Abū ʿUbayds d. 224838 Kitāb al-Amwāl. The view that hadiths can be dated no earlier than the first century AH is extended by some researchers to Sīrah material in fiqh texts. Two main perspectives shape this discussion. The first, led by Joseph Schacht d. 1969, argues that these narrations can be dated to the first century AH at the earliest and considers them inauthentic. The second, represented by Andreas Görke and Marco Schöller, suggests that while these narrations are reliable due to their attribution to early transmitters, subsequent transmission processes may not have been meticulous. This study aims to determine where and how each narrator from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd acquired these narrations and the methods they used, relying on biographical information from jarḥ wa-taʿdīl and ṭabaqāt literature. It focuses on 18 narrations attributed to ʿUrwah, of which 4 were transmitted through his son Hishām d. 146763, 10 through his adopted son Abū al-Aswad d. ?, and 4 through his student Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī d. 124742. The study finds that these narrators used methods such as qirāʾah, samāʿ, and munāwala to transmit ʿUrwahs narrations. In cases where explicit methods are not stated but teacher-student interactions are recorded, the use of samāʿ or qirāʾah is presumed. The findings also show that Abū ʿUbayd likely obtained these narrations through samāʿ or qirāʾah in Baghdad, Kūfa, and Egypt. In conclusion, the research traces the transmission process of ʿUrwahs narrations to Abū ʿUbayd and demonstrates that they followed a consistent and reliable transmission process.

 This study investigates why Sīrah narrations are included in fiqh literature and analyzes the transmission process of narrations attributed to ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr d. 94713 as found in Abū ʿUbayds d. 224838 Kitāb al-Amwāl. The view that hadiths can be dated no earlier than the first century AH is extended by some researchers to Sīrah material in fiqh texts. Two main perspectives shape this discussion. The first, led by Joseph Schacht d. 1969, argues that these narrations can be dated to the first century AH at the earliest and considers them inauthentic. The second, represented by Andreas Görke and Marco Schöller, suggests that while these narrations are reliable due to their attribution to early transmitters, subsequent transmission processes may not have been meticulous. This study aims to determine where and how each narrator from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd acquired these narrations and the methods they used, relying on biographical information from jarḥ wa-taʿdīl and ṭabaqāt literature. It focuses on 18 narrations attributed to ʿUrwah, of which 4 were transmitted through his son Hishām d. 146763, 10 through his adopted son Abū al-Aswad d. ?, and 4 through his student Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī d. 124742. The study finds that these narrators used methods such as qirāʾah, samāʿ, and munāwala to transmit ʿUrwahs narrations. In cases where explicit methods are not stated but teacher-student interactions are recorded, the use of samāʿ or qirāʾah is presumed. The findings also show that Abū ʿUbayd likely obtained these narrations through samāʿ or qirāʾah in Baghdad, Kūfa, and Egypt. In conclusion, the research traces the transmission process of ʿUrwahs narrations to Abū ʿUbayd and demonstrates that they followed a consistent and reliable transmission process.

 This study investigates why Sīrah narrations are included in fiqh literature and analyzes the transmission process of narrations attributed to ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr d. 94713 as found in Abū ʿUbayds d. 224838 Kitāb al-Amwāl. The view that hadiths can be dated no earlier than the first century AH is extended by some researchers to Sīrah material in fiqh texts. Two main perspectives shape this discussion. The first, led by Joseph Schacht d. 1969, argues that these narrations can be dated to the first century AH at the earliest and considers them inauthentic. The second, represented by Andreas Görke and Marco Schöller, suggests that while these narrations are reliable due to their attribution to early transmitters, subsequent transmission processes may not have been meticulous. This study aims to determine where and how each narrator from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd acquired these narrations and the methods they used, relying on biographical information from jarḥ wa-taʿdīl and ṭabaqāt literature. It focuses on 18 narrations attributed to ʿUrwah, of which 4 were transmitted through his son Hishām d. 146763, 10 through his adopted son Abū al-Aswad d. ?, and 4 through his student Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī d. 124742. The study finds that these narrators used methods such as qirāʾah, samāʿ, and munāwala to transmit ʿUrwahs narrations. In cases where explicit methods are not stated but teacher-student interactions are recorded, the use of samāʿ or qirāʾah is presumed. The findings also show that Abū ʿUbayd likely obtained these narrations through samāʿ or qirāʾah in Baghdad, Kūfa, and Egypt. In conclusion, the research traces the transmission process of ʿUrwahs narrations to Abū ʿUbayd and demonstrates that they followed a consistent and reliable transmission process.

 Çalışma, fıkıh eserlerinde siyer rivayetlerine niçin yer verildiğini ve Ebû Ubeydin öl. 224838 Kitâbül-Emvâlinde bulunan Urve b. Zübeyre öl. 94713 ait siyer rivayetlerinin aktarım sürecini analiz etmektedir. Hadislerin en erken 100719 yılına tarihlendiği görüşü, bazı araştırmacılar tarafından fıkıh eserlerindeki siyer malzemesi için de geçerli kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki farklı görüş öne çıkmaktadır. Joseph Schachtın öl. 1969 öncülüğünü yaptığı grup, bu verilerin en erken hicrî ilk asra tarihlendiğini ve sahih olmadıklarını öne sürmektedir. İkinci grupta yer alan Andreas Görke ve Marco Schöller, söz konusu rivayetlerin ilk râvilerine ait olmalarından dolayı güvenilir olduklarını ifade etmekle birlikte sonraki aktarım süreçlerinin titiz olmadığını ileri sürerek metinlerin değişime uğramış olabileceğini iddia etmektedirler. Bu makalenin amacı ise Urveden Ebû Ubeyde kadar her bir râvinin verilerini nerede ve hangi edâ yöntemiyle elde ettiğini cerh-tadîl ile tabakât eserlerindeki biyografilerinden hareketle tespit etmektir. Araştırma, Urvenin 18 siyer rivayetini mercek altına almaktadır. Söz konusu rivayetlerden dördü oğlu Hişâm öl. 146763, onun evlatlığı Ebül-Esved öl. ? ve geriye kalan dördü, öğrencisi İbn Şihâb ez-Zührî öl. 124742 tarikiyle Ebû Ubeyde ulaşmaktadır. Çalışma, Urvenin ve Urveden sonraki her bir râvinin hangi edâ yöntemiyle bilgi edindiğini ve öğrencilerin hocalarıyla nerede karşılaştığını tespit eder. Siyer malzemesini kıraat yöntemiyle elde eden Urvenin öğrencilerinin söz konusu verileri öğrencilerine münâvele, icâzetli kitâbet ve semâ yöntemleriyle aktardıklarını belirlemeye çalışmaktadır. Açıkça edâ yönteminin belirtilmediği fakat hoca-talebe karşılaşmasının gerçekleştiği aktarımlarda semâ veya kıraat metodunun olabileceğini varsaymaktadır. Makale, Ebû Ubeydin ise ilgili verileri Bağdat, Kûfe ve Mısırda semâ veya kıraat yöntemiyle elde ettiğini saptamaktadır. Netice itibariyle araştırma, Urvenin siyer rivayetlerinin Ebû Ubeyde kadar hangi yöntemlerle nakledildiğini takip etme ve ilgili verilerin tutarlı bir nakil sürecinden geçtiğini ortaya koyma amacındadır.

Makale detayları

The Reliability Problem of Sīrah Narrations in Fiqh Literature: The Transmission of Sīrah from ʿUrwah to Abū ʿUbayd

Yazarlar:

Saffet Kurt | Levent Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.206-222

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350288

pISSN:

2757-8399

Islamic History

Fiqh Literature

Isnād

ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr

Abū ʿUbaydİslam Tarihi

Fıkıh Literatürü

İsnad

Urve b. ez-Zübeyr

Ebû Ubeyd

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Saffet Kurt | Levent Öztürk

Yayıncı: Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi: Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.206-222

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350288

pISSN: 2757-8399

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Saffet Kurt | Levent Öztürk

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kocatepe İslami İlimler Dergisi Vol.8 Issue 1, pp.206-222

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350288

pISSN:

2757-8399