The Perception of the World  in Sufi Poetry in the Context of Hadiths

Muhammed Yusuf Akbak

Makale detayları

The Perception of the World in Sufi Poetry in the Context of Hadiths

Yazarlar:

Muhammed Yusuf Akbak

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tasavvuf

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 29, pp.261-278

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340750

pISSN:

2980-0331

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study questions the epistemological foundations of the conception of the world in Sufi poetry and aims to reveal how this conception is constructed within the framework of the hadiths in the Qutub al-Sitte. This study, based on the poems of prominent Sufi poets from the classical to the modern period, examines the ways hadiths have been rendered into poetic language within Sufi literature. The study was conducted using the text analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The structural and semantic reflections of key hadith themes such as the world is a prison, the world is a guesthouse, and be content with little in relation to worldly life have been examined in detail in Sufi poetry. Within the scope of the study, the poems of Sufi poets such as Yunus Emre, Aziz Mahmud Hudayi, Ismail Hakki Bursevi, and Alvarli Muhammed Lutfi, who lived in different periods, were analyzed to determine how their conceptions of the world were shaped by a hadith-based foundation. The findings indicate that Sufi poets, in relation to worldly life, conceptualize fundamental Sufi notions such as love, divine love, faqr, meekness, asceticism zuhd, contentment, and patience not merely through symbolic imagery but by directly associating them with hadith references, thereby framing these concepts within an ethical dimension. The findings indicate that hadiths are employed in Sufi poetry with a remarkable degree of aesthetic refinement and thematic density. However, it is understood that this was not the primary aim of the Sufi poets; rather, hadith expressions were utilized not as ornamental elements but as fundamental building blocks guiding individual and social life. From this perspective, the data demonstrate that Sufi poetry transcended being merely an artistic endeavor and evolved into a means of religious education and spiritual guidance. In this context, Sufi poetry emerges as a field where the organic relationship between literature and religious thought is concretized. It is observed that the primary material in the poems of Sufi poets consists of the Quran and hadiths. The hadith-centered approach discussed in this study reveals the intellectual structure of Sufi poetry, shaped by profound devotion to the Prophet. Sufis, striving to live a life modeled after that of the Prophet, articulated their words in accordance with the meanings conveyed in his hadiths. This situation demonstrates that poetry is not merely an aesthetic discourse but also offers a philosophy of life and a comprehensive set of values. This study seeks to enrich the literature by providing a novel perspective on the complex, multilayered relationship that Sufi poetry forges with religious references. In future research, applying the hadith-centered methodology to other fundamental Sufi themes such as patience, love, trust in God tawakkul, spiritual poverty faqr, gratitude, and death will allow for a more comprehensive revelation of the religious and philosophical depth contained in Sufi poetry. Furthermore, topics such as how the hadith-centered conception of poetry evolved within different Sufi orders and how poetry was utilized for didactic and guidance purposes in dervish lodges possess the potential to offer new perspectives for studies in the fields of Sufism and literature. Interdisciplinary studies to be conducted in this direction will contribute to a deeper understanding of the world of Sufi wisdom, which is structured around poetry, Quranic verses, and hadiths.

 This study questions the epistemological foundations of the conception of the world in Sufi poetry and aims to reveal how this conception is constructed within the framework of the hadiths in the Qutub al-Sitte. This study, based on the poems of prominent Sufi poets from the classical to the modern period, examines the ways hadiths have been rendered into poetic language within Sufi literature. The study was conducted using the text analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The structural and semantic reflections of key hadith themes such as the world is a prison, the world is a guesthouse, and be content with little in relation to worldly life have been examined in detail in Sufi poetry. Within the scope of the study, the poems of Sufi poets such as Yunus Emre, Aziz Mahmud Hudayi, Ismail Hakki Bursevi, and Alvarli Muhammed Lutfi, who lived in different periods, were analyzed to determine how their conceptions of the world were shaped by a hadith-based foundation. The findings indicate that Sufi poets, in relation to worldly life, conceptualize fundamental Sufi notions such as love, divine love, faqr, meekness, asceticism zuhd, contentment, and patience not merely through symbolic imagery but by directly associating them with hadith references, thereby framing these concepts within an ethical dimension. The findings indicate that hadiths are employed in Sufi poetry with a remarkable degree of aesthetic refinement and thematic density. However, it is understood that this was not the primary aim of the Sufi poets; rather, hadith expressions were utilized not as ornamental elements but as fundamental building blocks guiding individual and social life. From this perspective, the data demonstrate that Sufi poetry transcended being merely an artistic endeavor and evolved into a means of religious education and spiritual guidance. In this context, Sufi poetry emerges as a field where the organic relationship between literature and religious thought is concretized. It is observed that the primary material in the poems of Sufi poets consists of the Quran and hadiths. The hadith-centered approach discussed in this study reveals the intellectual structure of Sufi poetry, shaped by profound devotion to the Prophet. Sufis, striving to live a life modeled after that of the Prophet, articulated their words in accordance with the meanings conveyed in his hadiths. This situation demonstrates that poetry is not merely an aesthetic discourse but also offers a philosophy of life and a comprehensive set of values. This study seeks to enrich the literature by providing a novel perspective on the complex, multilayered relationship that Sufi poetry forges with religious references. In future research, applying the hadith-centered methodology to other fundamental Sufi themes such as patience, love, trust in God tawakkul, spiritual poverty faqr, gratitude, and death will allow for a more comprehensive revelation of the religious and philosophical depth contained in Sufi poetry. Furthermore, topics such as how the hadith-centered conception of poetry evolved within different Sufi orders and how poetry was utilized for didactic and guidance purposes in dervish lodges possess the potential to offer new perspectives for studies in the fields of Sufism and literature. Interdisciplinary studies to be conducted in this direction will contribute to a deeper understanding of the world of Sufi wisdom, which is structured around poetry, Quranic verses, and hadiths.

 This study questions the epistemological foundations of the conception of the world in Sufi poetry and aims to reveal how this conception is constructed within the framework of the hadiths in the Qutub al-Sitte. This study, based on the poems of prominent Sufi poets from the classical to the modern period, examines the ways hadiths have been rendered into poetic language within Sufi literature. The study was conducted using the text analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The structural and semantic reflections of key hadith themes such as the world is a prison, the world is a guesthouse, and be content with little in relation to worldly life have been examined in detail in Sufi poetry. Within the scope of the study, the poems of Sufi poets such as Yunus Emre, Aziz Mahmud Hudayi, Ismail Hakki Bursevi, and Alvarli Muhammed Lutfi, who lived in different periods, were analyzed to determine how their conceptions of the world were shaped by a hadith-based foundation. The findings indicate that Sufi poets, in relation to worldly life, conceptualize fundamental Sufi notions such as love, divine love, faqr, meekness, asceticism zuhd, contentment, and patience not merely through symbolic imagery but by directly associating them with hadith references, thereby framing these concepts within an ethical dimension. The findings indicate that hadiths are employed in Sufi poetry with a remarkable degree of aesthetic refinement and thematic density. However, it is understood that this was not the primary aim of the Sufi poets; rather, hadith expressions were utilized not as ornamental elements but as fundamental building blocks guiding individual and social life. From this perspective, the data demonstrate that Sufi poetry transcended being merely an artistic endeavor and evolved into a means of religious education and spiritual guidance. In this context, Sufi poetry emerges as a field where the organic relationship between literature and religious thought is concretized. It is observed that the primary material in the poems of Sufi poets consists of the Quran and hadiths. The hadith-centered approach discussed in this study reveals the intellectual structure of Sufi poetry, shaped by profound devotion to the Prophet. Sufis, striving to live a life modeled after that of the Prophet, articulated their words in accordance with the meanings conveyed in his hadiths. This situation demonstrates that poetry is not merely an aesthetic discourse but also offers a philosophy of life and a comprehensive set of values. This study seeks to enrich the literature by providing a novel perspective on the complex, multilayered relationship that Sufi poetry forges with religious references. In future research, applying the hadith-centered methodology to other fundamental Sufi themes such as patience, love, trust in God tawakkul, spiritual poverty faqr, gratitude, and death will allow for a more comprehensive revelation of the religious and philosophical depth contained in Sufi poetry. Furthermore, topics such as how the hadith-centered conception of poetry evolved within different Sufi orders and how poetry was utilized for didactic and guidance purposes in dervish lodges possess the potential to offer new perspectives for studies in the fields of Sufism and literature. Interdisciplinary studies to be conducted in this direction will contribute to a deeper understanding of the world of Sufi wisdom, which is structured around poetry, Quranic verses, and hadiths.

 Bu çalışma, tasavvuf şiirinde dünya tasavvurunun epistemolojik temellerini sorgulamakta ve bu tasavvurun Kütüb-i Sitte özelindeki hadisler çerçevesinde nasıl inşa edildiğini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Klasik dönemden modern döneme kadar uzanan süreçte yaşamış önde gelen sûfî şairlerin şiirlerinden hareketle gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, hadislerin tasavvuf edebiyatında şiirsel dile aktarım biçimleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemleri arasında yer alan metin analizi tekniği kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Tasavvuf şiirinde dünya hayatına yönelik dünya zindandır, dünya misafirhanedir ve azla yetinin gibi anahtar hadis temalarının yapısal ve anlam boyutlarındaki yansımaları detaylı biçimde incelenmiştir. Çalışma, hadislerin tasavvuf şiirinde tematik bir malzeme olmaktan ziyade derin bir ahlâkî referans ağı olarak değerlendirildiğini göstermiştir. Araştırma kapsamında Yunus Emre, Aziz Mahmud Hüdâyî, İsmâil Hakkı Bursevî ve Alvarlı Muhammed Lutfî gibi farklı dönemlerde yaşamış sûfî şairlerin şiirleri incelenerek, bu sûfîlerin dünya tasavvurlarının hadis kaynaklı bir temellendirme ile nasıl biçimlendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, sûfî şairlerin dünya hayatıyla bağlantılı olarak sevgi, aşk, fakr, miskinlik, zühd, rıza ve sabır gibi temel tasavvufî kavramları yalnızca sembolik imgelerle değil, doğrudan hadis referanslarıyla ilişkilendirerek ahlâkî bir boyutta değerlendirdiklerini göstermektedir. Araştırma neticesinde, tasavvuf şiirinde hadislerin oldukça estetik bir biçimde ve yoğun olarak kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Ancak bunun sûfî şairlerin ana gayesi olmadığı, hadislerin ifadeleri süsleme unsuru olarak değil, bireysel ve toplumsal yaşama yön veren temel yapı taşları olarak kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında veriler, tasavvuf şiirinin salt sanatsal bir üretim alanı olmaktan çıkıp dinî bir eğitim ve irşad vasıtası hâline geldiğini göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede tasavvuf şiiri, edebiyat ve dinî düşünce arasındaki organik ilişkinin somutlaştığı bir alan olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Sûfî şairlerin şiirlerindeki ana malzemenin Kuran ve hadislerden oluştuğu görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda ele aldığımız hadis merkezli yaklaşım, tasavvuf şiirinin peygamber sevgisi etrafında şekillenen düşünce yapısını ortaya koymaktadır. Peygamberin yaşadığı gibi bir yaşam sürme çabası içerisinde olan sûfîler, sözlerini de onun hadislerindeki manalar doğrultusunda söylemişlerdir. Bu durum, şiirin yalnızca estetik söylemden ibaret olmadığını, aynı zamanda bir hayat felsefesi ve değerler bütünü sunduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırmayla literatüre tasavvuf şiirinin dinî referanslarla kurduğu çok katmanlı ilişkiyi anlamaya yönelik yeni bir perspektif sunulması amaçlanmıştır. İlerleyen araştırmalarda, hadis merkezli metodolojinin sabır, aşk, tevekkül, fakr, şükür ve ölüm gibi diğer temel tasavvufî temalar çerçevesinde uygulanması, tasavvuf şiirinin içerdiği dinî ve felsefî derinliğin daha kapsamlı bir biçimde ortaya konulmasına imkân tanıyacaktır. Ayrıca farklı tarikat geleneklerinde hadis merkezli şiir anlayışının nasıl şekillendiği, tekke meclislerinde şiirlerin didaktik ve irşad amaçlı nasıl kullanıldığı gibi konular da, tasavvuf ve edebiyat alanındaki çalışmalara yeni açılımlar getirebilecek niteliktedir. Bu doğrultuda yapılacak disiplinler arası araştırmalar, tasavvufun şiir ve âyet, hadis eksenli irfan dünyasının daha derinlikli bir biçimde anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.

Makale detayları

The Perception of the World in Sufi Poetry in the Context of Hadiths

Yazarlar:

Muhammed Yusuf Akbak

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tasavvuf

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 29, pp.261-278

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340750

pISSN:

2980-0331

Sufism

Literature

Hadith

Sufi Poetry

World PerceptionTasavvuf

Edebiyat

Hadis

Tasavvuf Şiiri

Dünya Algısı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Muhammed Yusuf Akbak

Yayıncı: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar: Tasavvuf

Dergi: Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 29, pp.261-278

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 10/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001340750

pISSN: 2980-0331

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Muhammed Yusuf Akbak

Yayıncı:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Ana Başlıklar:

Tasavvuf

Dergi:

Rize İlahiyat Dergisi Issue 29, pp.261-278

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

10/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001340750

pISSN:

2980-0331