Questioning the Hishām b. al-Ḥakam-Dayṣāniyya Association Through Bardaisan

Nuran Üçok

Makale detayları

Questioning the Hishām b. al-Ḥakam-Dayṣāniyya Association Through Bardaisan

Yazarlar:

Nuran Üçok

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Mezhepleri

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.75-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349532

pISSN:

1301-0522

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Hishām b. al-Ḥakam d. 179795? is one of the leading figures in many sources who played a major role in shaping the main doctrines of the Imāmiyya and is even regarded as the theorist of this school. His views associated with the Imāmiyya are frequently mentioned both in Imāmī literature and in works of kalām and maqālāt. However, it is difficult to say that his ideas, especially those that can be categorized under cosmology, have received the same level of attention in the tradition of Islamic thought. Nevertheless, when maqālāt works are analyzed in this context, it is argued that Hishām presented views on issues such as the body and mudākhala which would later influence al-Naẓẓām d. 231845, or at least that he had defended such ideas before the latter. In these sources, though, the first proponent of these views is not always Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. Especially when there is an intention to portray him as non-Islamic, his name is frequently mentioned alongside that of Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī d. between 163169780785, and it is suggested that Abū Shākir had a significant impact on the formation of Hishāms thought. This association constitutes the starting point of this study which aims to better understand both Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī and the Dayṣāniyya. In the effort to explore the Dayṣāniyya, the study focuses on Bardaisan CE. 222, who is considered its founder, and attempts to identify his main ideas as preserved in historical and contemporary sources. Finally, the study questions to what extent the doctrines attributed to the Dayṣāniyya characterized as dualist in Islamic literature correspond to Bardaisans views, and whether it is possible to trace an intellectual transmission from Bardaisan to Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. The study takes the views of Hishām b. al-Ḥakam and al-Naẓẓām associated with the Dayṣāniyya as its foundation and aims to contribute to understanding the potential influences in the thoughts of these two important figures, both of whom lived during the second and third Islamic centuries, the early period of Islamic intellectual history, and hold a significant place in the history of Islamic sects.

 Hishām b. al-Ḥakam d. 179795? is one of the leading figures in many sources who played a major role in shaping the main doctrines of the Imāmiyya and is even regarded as the theorist of this school. His views associated with the Imāmiyya are frequently mentioned both in Imāmī literature and in works of kalām and maqālāt. However, it is difficult to say that his ideas, especially those that can be categorized under cosmology, have received the same level of attention in the tradition of Islamic thought. Nevertheless, when maqālāt works are analyzed in this context, it is argued that Hishām presented views on issues such as the body and mudākhala which would later influence al-Naẓẓām d. 231845, or at least that he had defended such ideas before the latter. In these sources, though, the first proponent of these views is not always Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. Especially when there is an intention to portray him as non-Islamic, his name is frequently mentioned alongside that of Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī d. between 163169780785, and it is suggested that Abū Shākir had a significant impact on the formation of Hishāms thought. This association constitutes the starting point of this study which aims to better understand both Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī and the Dayṣāniyya. In the effort to explore the Dayṣāniyya, the study focuses on Bardaisan CE. 222, who is considered its founder, and attempts to identify his main ideas as preserved in historical and contemporary sources. Finally, the study questions to what extent the doctrines attributed to the Dayṣāniyya characterized as dualist in Islamic literature correspond to Bardaisans views, and whether it is possible to trace an intellectual transmission from Bardaisan to Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. The study takes the views of Hishām b. al-Ḥakam and al-Naẓẓām associated with the Dayṣāniyya as its foundation and aims to contribute to understanding the potential influences in the thoughts of these two important figures, both of whom lived during the second and third Islamic centuries, the early period of Islamic intellectual history, and hold a significant place in the history of Islamic sects.

 Hishām b. al-Ḥakam d. 179795? is one of the leading figures in many sources who played a major role in shaping the main doctrines of the Imāmiyya and is even regarded as the theorist of this school. His views associated with the Imāmiyya are frequently mentioned both in Imāmī literature and in works of kalām and maqālāt. However, it is difficult to say that his ideas, especially those that can be categorized under cosmology, have received the same level of attention in the tradition of Islamic thought. Nevertheless, when maqālāt works are analyzed in this context, it is argued that Hishām presented views on issues such as the body and mudākhala which would later influence al-Naẓẓām d. 231845, or at least that he had defended such ideas before the latter. In these sources, though, the first proponent of these views is not always Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. Especially when there is an intention to portray him as non-Islamic, his name is frequently mentioned alongside that of Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī d. between 163169780785, and it is suggested that Abū Shākir had a significant impact on the formation of Hishāms thought. This association constitutes the starting point of this study which aims to better understand both Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī and the Dayṣāniyya. In the effort to explore the Dayṣāniyya, the study focuses on Bardaisan CE. 222, who is considered its founder, and attempts to identify his main ideas as preserved in historical and contemporary sources. Finally, the study questions to what extent the doctrines attributed to the Dayṣāniyya characterized as dualist in Islamic literature correspond to Bardaisans views, and whether it is possible to trace an intellectual transmission from Bardaisan to Hishām b. al-Ḥakam. The study takes the views of Hishām b. al-Ḥakam and al-Naẓẓām associated with the Dayṣāniyya as its foundation and aims to contribute to understanding the potential influences in the thoughts of these two important figures, both of whom lived during the second and third Islamic centuries, the early period of Islamic intellectual history, and hold a significant place in the history of Islamic sects.

 Hişām b. el-Ḥakem ö. 179795? çoğu kaynakta İmāmiyye fırkasının temel öğretilerinin şekillenmesinde büyük pay sahibi olan, hatta bu fırkanın teorisyeni kabul edilen isimlerin başında gelmektedir. Onun İmāmiyye ile ilişkilendirilen görüşleri hem İmāmī literatürde hem de kelam ve maḳālāt eserlerinde çokça zikredilmektedir. Ancak onun İslam düşünce geleneğinde bilhassa kozmoloji kapsamında nitelendirilebilecek fikirlerinin aynı ölçüde üzerinde durulduğunu söylemek güçtür. Halbuki maḳālāt türü eserler bu bağlamda incelendiğinde Hişāmın cisim, müdāḫale gibi konularda daha sonra İbrāhīm b. Seyyār en-Naẓẓāmı ö. 231845 da etkileyecek görüşler ortaya koyduğu ya da en azından bu görüşleri ondan önce savunduğu öne sürülmektedir. Ancak bu kaynaklarda görüşleri ilk olarak savunan isim her zaman Hişām b. el-Ḥakem değildir. Onu özellikle İslam dışı göstermek arzu edildiğinde, ismi sıklıkla Ebū Şākir ed-Deyṣānī ö. 163-169780-785 arası ile birlikte anılmakta ve Hişāmın düşüncelerinin şekillenmesinde Ebū Şākirin büyük payı olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Söz konusu ilişkilendirme, Ebū Şākir ed-Deyṣānīyi olduğu kadar Deyṣāniyyeyi tanımaya yönelik bu çalışmanın çıkış noktası olmuştur. Deyṣāniyyeyi tanıma çabası neticesinde onun kurucusu kabul edilen Bardeysan MS. 222 ve onun kaynaklarda tespit edilebilen temel görüşleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak İslam literatüründe düalist olarak nitelendirilen Deyṣāniyyeye atfedilen görüşlerin Bardeysanın fikirleri ile ne derece örtüştüğü ve Bardeysandan Hişām b. el-Ḥakeme uzanan fikrî bir intikalin imkanı ve izleri sorgulamaya açılmıştır. Çalışmada Hişām b. el-Ḥakem ve en-Naẓẓāmın Deyṣāniyye ile ilişkilendirilen görüşleri esas alınmış, İslam düşüncesinin erken dönemi olan hicrî ikinci ve üçüncü asırlarda yaşamış ve aynı zamanda İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi için önemli figürler olan bu iki ismin düşüncelerindeki muhtemel tesirlerin aydınlatılmasına yönelik bir katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

Questioning the Hishām b. al-Ḥakam-Dayṣāniyya Association Through Bardaisan

Yazarlar:

Nuran Üçok

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Mezhepleri

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.75-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349532

pISSN:

1301-0522

Hishām b. al-Ḥakam

al-Naẓẓām

Abū Shākir al-Dayṣānī

Bardaisan

Dayṣāniyya.Hişām b. el-Ḥakem

en-Naẓẓām

Ebū Şākir ed-Deyṣānī

Bardeysan

Deyṣāniyye.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nuran Üçok

Yayıncı: Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Mezhepleri

Dergi: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.75-108

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001349532

pISSN: 1301-0522

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nuran Üçok

Yayıncı:

Ankara University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Mezhepleri

Dergi:

Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.66 Issue 1, pp.75-108

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349532

pISSN:

1301-0522