INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF HONEYBEE VENOMS (APITOXIN) FROM APIS MELLIFERA CAUCASICA AND APIS MELLIFERA CARNICA

Mehmet Çolak; Esra Taş

Makale detayları

INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF HONEYBEE VENOMS (APITOXIN) FROM APIS MELLIFERA CAUCASICA AND APIS MELLIFERA CARNICA

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Çolak | Esra Taş

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Entomoloji | Geleneksel | Tamamlayıcı ve Bütünleştirici Tıp (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.43-52

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348897

pISSN:

2687-5594

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The discovery of new therapeutic agents is crucial in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The antimicrobial potential of apitoxin from Apis mellifera caucasica and A. m. carnica Hymenoptera: Apidae was tested in vitro against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC-29212, Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC-25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-27853 bacterial strains and a fungal pathogen Candida albicans ATCC-10231. Using an electro stimulation technique, Apitoxin was extracted from honey bee colonies under standardized conditions between May 2022 and April 2023. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method and the results were compared with standard antibiotics ampicillin, vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, itraconazole to calculate the antibiotic equivalence of the apitoxins. Apitoxin from both subspecies showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects against all microorganisms tested. The highest activity was observed against E. coli, with inhibition zone diameters of 16.60.2 mm for A. m. caucasica and 17.00.2 mm for A. m. carnica p0.05. No significant differences were found between subspecies in their effects on E.coli, E.faecalis, and P.aeruginosa p0.05. The results indicate that apitoxin has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and could be used as a therapeutic agent.

 The discovery of new therapeutic agents is crucial in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The antimicrobial potential of apitoxin from Apis mellifera caucasica and A. m. carnica Hymenoptera: Apidae was tested in vitro against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC-29212, Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC-25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-27853 bacterial strains and a fungal pathogen Candida albicans ATCC-10231. Using an electro stimulation technique, Apitoxin was extracted from honey bee colonies under standardized conditions between May 2022 and April 2023. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method and the results were compared with standard antibiotics ampicillin, vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, itraconazole to calculate the antibiotic equivalence of the apitoxins. Apitoxin from both subspecies showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects against all microorganisms tested. The highest activity was observed against E. coli, with inhibition zone diameters of 16.60.2 mm for A. m. caucasica and 17.00.2 mm for A. m. carnica p0.05. No significant differences were found between subspecies in their effects on E.coli, E.faecalis, and P.aeruginosa p0.05. The results indicate that apitoxin has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and could be used as a therapeutic agent.

 The discovery of new therapeutic agents is crucial in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The antimicrobial potential of apitoxin from Apis mellifera caucasica and A. m. carnica Hymenoptera: Apidae was tested in vitro against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC-25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC-29212, Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC-25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-27853 bacterial strains and a fungal pathogen Candida albicans ATCC-10231. Using an electro stimulation technique, Apitoxin was extracted from honey bee colonies under standardized conditions between May 2022 and April 2023. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method and the results were compared with standard antibiotics ampicillin, vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, itraconazole to calculate the antibiotic equivalence of the apitoxins. Apitoxin from both subspecies showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects against all microorganisms tested. The highest activity was observed against E. coli, with inhibition zone diameters of 16.60.2 mm for A. m. caucasica and 17.00.2 mm for A. m. carnica p0.05. No significant differences were found between subspecies in their effects on E.coli, E.faecalis, and P.aeruginosa p0.05. The results indicate that apitoxin has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and could be used as a therapeutic agent.

 Antimikrobiyal dirençle mücadelede yeni terapötik ajanların keşfi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Apis mellifera caucasica ve A. m. carnica Hymenoptera: Apidae alt türlerinden elde edilen apitoksinin antimikrobiyal potansiyeli, Gram-pozitif Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Gram-negatif Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 bakteri suşları ve bir fungal patojen Candida albicans ATCC 10231 mikroorganizmalar üzerinde in vitro olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Mayıs 2022-Nisan 2023 tarihleri arasında standardize koşullarda yetiştirilen arı kolonilerinden elektrostimülasyon tekniğiyle apitoksin ekstrakte edilmiştir. Antimikrobiyal aktivite disk difüzyon yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçlar standart antibiyotiklerle ampisilin, vankomisin, trimetoprim-sülfametoksazol ve itrakonazol karşılaştırılarak apitoksinlerin antibiyotik eşleniği hesaplanmıştır. Her iki alt türden elde edilen apitoksin, test edilen tüm mikroorganizmalara karşı doza bağımlı inhibitör etki göstermiştir. En yüksek etki E. coliye karşı gözlemlenmiş olup, inhibisyon zon çapları A. m. caucasica için 16,6  0,2 mm ve A. m. carnica için 17,0  0,2 mm olarak ölçülmüştür p0.05. E. coli, E. faecalis ve P. aeruginosa üzerindeki etkilerde alt türler arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır p0.05. Sonuçlar, apitoksinin geniş spektrumlu antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip potansiyel bir terapötik ajan olarak değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir.

Makale detayları

INVESTIGATION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF HONEYBEE VENOMS (APITOXIN) FROM APIS MELLIFERA CAUCASICA AND APIS MELLIFERA CARNICA

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Çolak | Esra Taş

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Entomoloji | Geleneksel | Tamamlayıcı ve Bütünleştirici Tıp (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.43-52

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348897

pISSN:

2687-5594

Apitoxin

Antimicrobial activity

Apis mellifera caucasica

Apis mellifera carnicaApitoksin

Antimikrobiyal aktivite

Apis mellifera caucasica

Apis mellifera carnica

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mehmet Çolak | Esra Taş

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Entomoloji | Geleneksel | Tamamlayıcı ve Bütünleştirici Tıp (Diğer)

Dergi: Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.43-52

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001348897

pISSN: 2687-5594

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mehmet Çolak | Esra Taş

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Entomoloji | Geleneksel | Tamamlayıcı ve Bütünleştirici Tıp (Diğer)

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.43-52

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348897

pISSN:

2687-5594