On a Poetic Arzuhâl (Petition) Written to the Prophet Mohammad

Abdulsamet Demirbağ

Makale detayları

On a Poetic Arzuhâl (Petition) Written to the Prophet Mohammad

Yazarlar:

Abdulsamet Demirbağ

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Sahası Dışındaki Klasik Türk Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.71-84

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320709

pISSN:

1304-639X

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Abstract: The love for Prophet Muhammad is one of the most frequently mentioned themes in both oral and written cultures. The love for Prophet Mohammad which is narrated in the scientific works related to the Prophet in Turkish literature also could be seen poetic and prose works by artists. Some of works include biographies siyer in which the Prophets biographies are mentioned eulogies mevlit, miraç-name, which tells miraç event, hilye which describes the Prophets physical and other attributes, and naat in which the Prophet is praised. Through these works, the love for Prophet Muhammad who is the reason why the world is created is beautifully depicted and aimed to pass it on to future generations. This love, enduring for centuries in Islamic societies, has led to the Prophet to be as an mediator in the prayers by the humble servant to Allah. Because, in Islam, the belief that prayers addressed to Allah through the mediator of Prophet Muhammad, whom Allah has called My Beloved will be accepted is prevalent. This profound love for Prophet Muhammad, graved in the hearts, is considered a duty by individuals of all ages and all sections in Turkish society. The earliest examples of this emotion, expressed by poets who interpret the feelings of the people, can be found in Yûsuf Hâs Hâcibs Kutadgu Bilig. Later poets like Mevlânâ, Yunus Emre, Şeyyâd Hamza, and others continued to compose such poems. Furthermore the work known as Vesiletün-necât written by Süleyman Çelebî and read since the fifteenth century, commonly referred to as mevlit and seen as a top one for the love of Prophet among the public, is one of the most significant works addressing this theme. Poets such as Ahmed Paşa, Fuzûlî, Nâbî, and Şeyh Gâlib in Turkish literature have also portrayed the love for Prophet Muhammad in their works in the best style. Some of these poets, expressing their love for the Prophet from different perspectives, have been individuals who could not visit the sacred places due to financial difficulties. The desperate and intense longing for Prophet has been conveyed to writing yearning for the Prophet. The example of an arzuhâl discussed in this study illustrates this aspect of the abovementioned. Arzuhâls, written in the form of petitions describing a need or request in the sources, are texts. However, if it is taken into account spiritually, they are the texts where various wishes and prayers are asked by Allah and sometimes the prophets are used as messenger. These writings include both worldly and spiritual desires. Following to these prayer texts, they are sent to sacred partsthose going to Hajj and Umrah. These prayers sometimes are written by an expert or the needy ones sincerely. They are left at sacred places like the Kaaba, the station of Prophet Ibrahim or the burial place of Prophet Muhammad, with the belief that they will be accepted. It is still known that in some regions of Anatolia, many traditions have persisted from the past to the present day. One such region where the tradition of writing arzuhâls is still alive is the town of Palu in Elazığ. The poem presented in this study, a poetic example of arzuhâl, was written by Molla Muhammed Ali, a poet, scholar, and calligrapher living in the Beyhan town of Palu. This poem portrays the imploring and entratings of an desperate individual who wishes to visit the Prophets grave with in the profound love for Prophet Muhammad. The poem is written in an eight-syllable meter and consists of 20 quatrains. Throughout the poem, the desire to see the Prophets grave has been narrated and the despair over not reaching to sacred places has been discussed. Therefore the characteristics of a desperate lover are evident in the poem. This lyrical text is written in a simple and fluent style. It is noteworthy that in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the love for Prophet Muhammad is expressed in Ottoman Turkish. The poem presenting a rich appearence with various types of words and literary devices does not make the reader feel bored. In the introduction of the study brief information about Prophet Muhammad is provided. Subsequently, various examples of the love for Prophet Muhammad in Turkish literature are presented to the reader. In the first part the analysis of the poem has been carried out and the second part includes the translation of the poem. The original text of the poem has taken place at the end of the study. With the analyzed poetic arzuhâl it has been aimed not only to preserve the tradition but also to contribute to our written and oral culture.

 Öz: Hz. Muhammede duyulan muhabbet, hem sözlü hem de yazılı kültürde en fazla dile getirilen konulardandır. Türk edebiyatında Peygamber ile ilgili ilmî eserlerde ortaya konan bu muhabbet, sanatkârlarca kaleme alınan birçok manzum ve mensur eserde de ele alınmıştır. Örneğin Peygamberin hayatının anlatıldığı siyerler ile mevlitler, miraç hadisesinin anlatıldığı miraç-nâmeler, Hz. Muhammedin fiziki ve diğer özelliklerinin anlatıldığı hilyeler ve methedildiği naatlar bunlardan bazılarıdır. Bu eserlerle kâinatın varlık sebebi Hz. Muhammede duyulan bu sevgi en güzel şekilde işlenmiş, bu sevginin sonraki nesillere aktarılması gaye edinilmiştir. Asırlarca süregelen İslam toplumundaki bu muhabbet, aciz olan kulun Allaha ettiği niyazlarda Peygamberin aracı kılınmasına vesile olmuştur. Çünkü İslamda Allahın Habibim diye nitelendirdiği Hz. Muhammed hürmetine edilen duaların kabul olunacağı düşüncesi hâkimdir. Hz. Muhammed için gönüllere nakşedilmiş bu muhabbet, Türk toplumunda da her yaştan ve her kesimden kimseler tarafından hissedilerek bir görev şeklinde addedilmiştir. Toplumların diline tercüman olan şairlerin işlediği bu duygunun ilk örneklerine Yûsuf Hâs Hâcibin Kutadgu Biliginde rastlanılmaktadır. Sonrasında Mevlânâ, Yunus Emre Şeyyâd Hamza vb. şairler tarafından şiirlerin yazıldığı bilinmektedir. Öte taraftan Peygamber sevgisinde bir zirve olarak kabul edilen ve on beşinci asırdan beri okunarak gelen Süleyman Çelebînin yazdığı Vesiletün-necât veya halk arasında mevlit olarak bilinen eseri, bu hususun dile getirildiği en önemli eserlerdendir. Yine Türk edebiyatında Ahmed Paşa, Fuzûlî, Nâbî, Şeyh Gâlib gibi şairler de Hz. Muhammed sevgisini eserlerinde en güzel şekilde kaleme almışlardır. Hz. Muhammedi farklı açılardan öven şairlerin bir kısmı da maddi sıkıntılardan dolayı kutsal beldelere gidememenin çaresizliğini yaşayan kimseler olmuştur. İşte bu çaresizlik ve Peygambere duyulan derin özlem bazen yazıya dökülmüştür. Çalışmaya konu olan arzuhâl örneği de anlatılan durumun bu yönünü ortaya koymaktadır. Arzuhâller, kaynaklarda dilekçe mahiyetinde kaleme alınan ve gerekli lüzum üzerine bir ihtiyacı anlatan metinlerdir. Ancak manevi açıdan değerlendirildiğinde çeşitli istek ve dileklerin Allahtan istenildiği bazen de edilen bu dualar için peygamberlerin aracı kılındığı yazılardır. Bu gelenekteki dualarda dünyevi ve uhrevi birtakım isteklerden bahsedilir. Bu dua metinleri, yazıldıktan sonra hacca ve umreye giden kimselerle kutsal beldelere gönderilir. Bu dualar bazen ehil kimselere yazdırıldığı gibi bazen de ihtiyaç sahibinin samimi bir şekilde kaleme almasıyla gerçekleştirilmektedir. Arzuhâllerin kutsal beldelerde Kâbe, Hz. İbrahim makamı veya Hz. Muhammedin kabrinin bulunduğu yerlere bırakılmasıyla kabul olacağı inancından bahsedilmektedir. Anadolunun bazı yörelerinde geçmişten günümüze birçok geleneğin devam ettiği bilinmektedir. Arzuhâl yazma geleneğinin hâlen yaşatıldığı yörelerden biri de Elazığın Palu ilçesidir. Nitekim Palunun Beyhan kasabasında yaşayan şair, âlim ve hattatlığıyla tanınan Molla Muhammed Ali tarafından yazılan elimizdeki metin manzum bir arzuhâl örneğidir. Bu şiir, Hz. Muhammede duyulan sevginin ve bundan ötürü kabrini ziyaret etmek isteyen çaresiz bir kimsenin yalvarış ve yakarışlarını konu edinmiştir. Şiir, 8li hece ölçüsüyle yazılmış 20 dörtlükten oluşmaktadır. Şiirin genelinde Hz. Peygambere duyulan muhabbet ve kabrinin olduğu muhiti görmek arzusu dile getirilmiştir. Şiirde kutsal beldelere gidememenin verdiği çaresizlik de ortaya konmuştur. Dolayısıyla şiir boyunca çaresiz bir âşığın özellikleri göze çarpmaktadır. Lirik bu metin, sade ve akıcı bir üslupla yazılmıştır. Yirminci yüzyılın son çeyreğinde Peygambere duyulan muhabbetin Osmanlı Türkçesiyle ifade edilmesi de önemlidir. Çeşitli sözcük türleri ve edebî sanatlar ile zengin bir görünüm arz eden şiir, okuyucu sıkmayan bir tarzda yazılmıştır. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde Hz. Muhammed hakkında kısa bir bilgi verilmiştir. Sonrasında Türk edebiyatında Hz. Muhammede duyulan muhabbetin birtakım örnekleri okuyucuya sunulmuştur. Birinci bölümde ise şiirin tahlili yapılmış, ikinci bölümde şiirin çeviri yazısına yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuna şiirin orijinal metni konulmuştur. Çalışması yapılan manzum arzuhâl örneği ile birlikte hem geleneğin kaybolmaması gaye edinilmiş hem de yazılı ve sözlü kültürümüze katkı sağlanmak istenmiştir.

 Abstract: The love for Prophet Muhammad is one of the most frequently mentioned themes in both oral and written cultures. The love for Prophet Mohammad which is narrated in the scientific works related to the Prophet in Turkish literature also could be seen poetic and prose works by artists. Some of works include biographies siyer in which the Prophets biographies are mentioned eulogies mevlit, miraç-name, which tells miraç event, hilye which describes the Prophets physical and other attributes, and naat in which the Prophet is praised. Through these works, the love for Prophet Muhammad who is the reason why the world is created is beautifully depicted and aimed to pass it on to future generations. This love, enduring for centuries in Islamic societies, has led to the Prophet to be as an mediator in the prayers by the humble servant to Allah. Because, in Islam, the belief that prayers addressed to Allah through the mediator of Prophet Muhammad, whom Allah has called My Beloved will be accepted is prevalent. This profound love for Prophet Muhammad, graved in the hearts, is considered a duty by individuals of all ages and all sections in Turkish society. The earliest examples of this emotion, expressed by poets who interpret the feelings of the people, can be found in Yûsuf Hâs Hâcibs Kutadgu Bilig. Later poets like Mevlânâ, Yunus Emre, Şeyyâd Hamza, and others continued to compose such poems. Furthermore the work known as Vesiletün-necât written by Süleyman Çelebî and read since the fifteenth century, commonly referred to as mevlit and seen as a top one for the love of Prophet among the public, is one of the most significant works addressing this theme. Poets such as Ahmed Paşa, Fuzûlî, Nâbî, and Şeyh Gâlib in Turkish literature have also portrayed the love for Prophet Muhammad in their works in the best style. Some of these poets, expressing their love for the Prophet from different perspectives, have been individuals who could not visit the sacred places due to financial difficulties. The desperate and intense longing for Prophet has been conveyed to writing yearning for the Prophet. The example of an arzuhâl discussed in this study illustrates this aspect of the abovementioned. Arzuhâls, written in the form of petitions describing a need or request in the sources, are texts. However, if it is taken into account spiritually, they are the texts where various wishes and prayers are asked by Allah and sometimes the prophets are used as messenger. These writings include both worldly and spiritual desires. Following to these prayer texts, they are sent to sacred partsthose going to Hajj and Umrah. These prayers sometimes are written by an expert or the needy ones sincerely. They are left at sacred places like the Kaaba, the station of Prophet Ibrahim or the burial place of Prophet Muhammad, with the belief that they will be accepted. It is still known that in some regions of Anatolia, many traditions have persisted from the past to the present day. One such region where the tradition of writing arzuhâls is still alive is the town of Palu in Elazığ. The poem presented in this study, a poetic example of arzuhâl, was written by Molla Muhammed Ali, a poet, scholar, and calligrapher living in the Beyhan town of Palu. This poem portrays the imploring and entratings of an desperate individual who wishes to visit the Prophets grave with in the profound love for Prophet Muhammad. The poem is written in an eight-syllable meter and consists of 20 quatrains. Throughout the poem, the desire to see the Prophets grave has been narrated and the despair over not reaching to sacred places has been discussed. Therefore the characteristics of a desperate lover are evident in the poem. This lyrical text is written in a simple and fluent style. It is noteworthy that in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the love for Prophet Muhammad is expressed in Ottoman Turkish. The poem presenting a rich appearence with various types of words and literary devices does not make the reader feel bored. In the introduction of the study brief information about Prophet Muhammad is provided. Subsequently, various examples of the love for Prophet Muhammad in Turkish literature are presented to the reader. In the first part the analysis of the poem has been carried out and the second part includes the translation of the poem. The original text of the poem has taken place at the end of the study. With the analyzed poetic arzuhâl it has been aimed not only to preserve the tradition but also to contribute to our written and oral culture.

 Abstract: The love for Prophet Muhammad is one of the most frequently mentioned themes in both oral and written cultures. The love for Prophet Mohammad which is narrated in the scientific works related to the Prophet in Turkish literature also could be seen poetic and prose works by artists. Some of works include biographies siyer in which the Prophets biographies are mentioned eulogies mevlit, miraç-name, which tells miraç event, hilye which describes the Prophets physical and other attributes, and naat in which the Prophet is praised. Through these works, the love for Prophet Muhammad who is the reason why the world is created is beautifully depicted and aimed to pass it on to future generations. This love, enduring for centuries in Islamic societies, has led to the Prophet to be as an mediator in the prayers by the humble servant to Allah. Because, in Islam, the belief that prayers addressed to Allah through the mediator of Prophet Muhammad, whom Allah has called My Beloved will be accepted is prevalent. This profound love for Prophet Muhammad, graved in the hearts, is considered a duty by individuals of all ages and all sections in Turkish society. The earliest examples of this emotion, expressed by poets who interpret the feelings of the people, can be found in Yûsuf Hâs Hâcibs Kutadgu Bilig. Later poets like Mevlânâ, Yunus Emre, Şeyyâd Hamza, and others continued to compose such poems. Furthermore the work known as Vesiletün-necât written by Süleyman Çelebî and read since the fifteenth century, commonly referred to as mevlit and seen as a top one for the love of Prophet among the public, is one of the most significant works addressing this theme. Poets such as Ahmed Paşa, Fuzûlî, Nâbî, and Şeyh Gâlib in Turkish literature have also portrayed the love for Prophet Muhammad in their works in the best style. Some of these poets, expressing their love for the Prophet from different perspectives, have been individuals who could not visit the sacred places due to financial difficulties. The desperate and intense longing for Prophet has been conveyed to writing yearning for the Prophet. The example of an arzuhâl discussed in this study illustrates this aspect of the abovementioned. Arzuhâls, written in the form of petitions describing a need or request in the sources, are texts. However, if it is taken into account spiritually, they are the texts where various wishes and prayers are asked by Allah and sometimes the prophets are used as messenger. These writings include both worldly and spiritual desires. Following to these prayer texts, they are sent to sacred partsthose going to Hajj and Umrah. These prayers sometimes are written by an expert or the needy ones sincerely. They are left at sacred places like the Kaaba, the station of Prophet Ibrahim or the burial place of Prophet Muhammad, with the belief that they will be accepted. It is still known that in some regions of Anatolia, many traditions have persisted from the past to the present day. One such region where the tradition of writing arzuhâls is still alive is the town of Palu in Elazığ. The poem presented in this study, a poetic example of arzuhâl, was written by Molla Muhammed Ali, a poet, scholar, and calligrapher living in the Beyhan town of Palu. This poem portrays the imploring and entratings of an desperate individual who wishes to visit the Prophets grave with in the profound love for Prophet Muhammad. The poem is written in an eight-syllable meter and consists of 20 quatrains. Throughout the poem, the desire to see the Prophets grave has been narrated and the despair over not reaching to sacred places has been discussed. Therefore the characteristics of a desperate lover are evident in the poem. This lyrical text is written in a simple and fluent style. It is noteworthy that in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the love for Prophet Muhammad is expressed in Ottoman Turkish. The poem presenting a rich appearence with various types of words and literary devices does not make the reader feel bored. In the introduction of the study brief information about Prophet Muhammad is provided. Subsequently, various examples of the love for Prophet Muhammad in Turkish literature are presented to the reader. In the first part the analysis of the poem has been carried out and the second part includes the translation of the poem. The original text of the poem has taken place at the end of the study. With the analyzed poetic arzuhâl it has been aimed not only to preserve the tradition but also to contribute to our written and oral culture.

Makale detayları

On a Poetic Arzuhâl (Petition) Written to the Prophet Mohammad

Yazarlar:

Abdulsamet Demirbağ

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Sahası Dışındaki Klasik Türk Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.71-84

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320709

pISSN:

1304-639X

Arzuhâl

İmdât Et Yâ Resulallah

poem

analysis

textArzuhâl

İmdât Et Yâ Resulallah

şiir

tahlil

metin.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Abdulsamet Demirbağ

Yayıncı: Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar: Osmanlı Sahası Dışındaki Klasik Türk Edebiyatı

Dergi: Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.71-84

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001320709

pISSN: 1304-639X

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Abdulsamet Demirbağ

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Osmanlı Sahası Dışındaki Klasik Türk Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.29 Issue 1, pp.71-84

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001320709

pISSN:

1304-639X