A Comparative Look at the Columns in 18th Century Mosques: Display and Impression from the Courtyard to the Lodge

Ülkü Demir

Makale detayları

A Comparative Look at the Columns in 18th Century Mosques: Display and Impression from the Courtyard to the Lodge

Yazarlar:

Ülkü Demir

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Sanatları | Mimarlık Tarihi

Dergi:

Sanat Tarihi Yıllığı Issue 33, pp.49-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323462

pISSN:

0579-4080

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In Ottoman Architecture, mosques are architectural products built by the Sultan or the dignitaries of the period and provide the most data about building production, including construction, materials, structural elements, and decoration. There is a need to rethink the design of architectural decoration and the reasons for preference during the Sultan Mustafa III Period 1757-1774. This period attracted attention due to the construction and repair activities that were performed after the 1766 earthquake in Istanbul. In this study, which comparatively deals with all the columns of the Ayazma 1760, Laleli 1764, and Fatih 1771 mosques from the Mustafa III Period, the Nuruosmaniye Mosque 1755 is also included as an element of comparison. Note that the Nuruosmaniye Mosque is considered a turning point in the architecture of the 18th century. The aforementioned comparison, in which the way mosques are used as a space is defined through its users, is intended to help understand the design criteria and preferences of the period. Mosques have been analysed starting from the entrance doors of the complexes to the interior of the building, using on-site observations and detailed photographs. The two main users Sultan and the public worshippers, define two different routes of experience in mosques. The configuration and design of the column on these routes have been described comparatively. The data obtained from the literature review helped enhance the study. The columns show design differences according to patrons and users of the building. This study, in which the columns ornaments of the mosques of the Mustafa III Period are revealed in detail by comparing them with the pioneer Nuruosmaniye Mosque, proposes a new interpretation of the design preferences and representations in the 18th century while questioning the existence of possible design codes in this century.

 In Ottoman Architecture, mosques are architectural products built by the Sultan or the dignitaries of the period and provide the most data about building production, including construction, materials, structural elements, and decoration. There is a need to rethink the design of architectural decoration and the reasons for preference during the Sultan Mustafa III Period 1757-1774. This period attracted attention due to the construction and repair activities that were performed after the 1766 earthquake in Istanbul. In this study, which comparatively deals with all the columns of the Ayazma 1760, Laleli 1764, and Fatih 1771 mosques from the Mustafa III Period, the Nuruosmaniye Mosque 1755 is also included as an element of comparison. Note that the Nuruosmaniye Mosque is considered a turning point in the architecture of the 18th century. The aforementioned comparison, in which the way mosques are used as a space is defined through its users, is intended to help understand the design criteria and preferences of the period. Mosques have been analysed starting from the entrance doors of the complexes to the interior of the building, using on-site observations and detailed photographs. The two main users Sultan and the public worshippers, define two different routes of experience in mosques. The configuration and design of the column on these routes have been described comparatively. The data obtained from the literature review helped enhance the study. The columns show design differences according to patrons and users of the building. This study, in which the columns ornaments of the mosques of the Mustafa III Period are revealed in detail by comparing them with the pioneer Nuruosmaniye Mosque, proposes a new interpretation of the design preferences and representations in the 18th century while questioning the existence of possible design codes in this century.

 In Ottoman Architecture, mosques are architectural products built by the Sultan or the dignitaries of the period and provide the most data about building production, including construction, materials, structural elements, and decoration. There is a need to rethink the design of architectural decoration and the reasons for preference during the Sultan Mustafa III Period 1757-1774. This period attracted attention due to the construction and repair activities that were performed after the 1766 earthquake in Istanbul. In this study, which comparatively deals with all the columns of the Ayazma 1760, Laleli 1764, and Fatih 1771 mosques from the Mustafa III Period, the Nuruosmaniye Mosque 1755 is also included as an element of comparison. Note that the Nuruosmaniye Mosque is considered a turning point in the architecture of the 18th century. The aforementioned comparison, in which the way mosques are used as a space is defined through its users, is intended to help understand the design criteria and preferences of the period. Mosques have been analysed starting from the entrance doors of the complexes to the interior of the building, using on-site observations and detailed photographs. The two main users Sultan and the public worshippers, define two different routes of experience in mosques. The configuration and design of the column on these routes have been described comparatively. The data obtained from the literature review helped enhance the study. The columns show design differences according to patrons and users of the building. This study, in which the columns ornaments of the mosques of the Mustafa III Period are revealed in detail by comparing them with the pioneer Nuruosmaniye Mosque, proposes a new interpretation of the design preferences and representations in the 18th century while questioning the existence of possible design codes in this century.

 Osmanlı mimarisinde camiler, sultan ya da dönemin ileri gelenleri tarafından yaptırılan, yapı üretiminde inşaattan malzemeye, yapısal elemanlardan dekora kadar en fazla veriye sahip mimari ürünlerdir. 1766 İstanbul depremi sonrası inşa ve tamirat faaliyetleri nedeniyle dikkat çeken Sultan III. Mustafa Döneminde 1757-1774, mimari bezemenin tasarımı ve tercih nedenleri üzerine yeniden düşünme gerekliliği bulunmaktadır. III. Mustafa Döneminden, Ayazma 1760, Laleli 1764 ve Fatih 1771 camilerinin tüm sütunlarını karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alan bu çalışmada, 18. yüzyılda bir dönüm noktası olarak değerlendirilen Nuruosmaniye Camisi 1755 de yer almaktadır. Camilerin bir mekân olarak kullanım şeklinin, kullanıcılar üzerinden tanımlandığı bu karşılaştırmanın, dönemin tasarım kriterlerini ve tercihlerini anlamaya yardımcı olması amaçlanmıştır. Camiler, içinde bulundukları külliyelerin giriş kapılarından iç mekâna, yerinde gözlem ve detaylı fotoğraflardan yararlanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Temel iki kullanıcı olan Sultan ve halk cemaat, camilerde iki farklı deneyim rotası tanımlar. Bu rotalar üzerinde yer alan sütunların biçimlenişleri karşılaştırmalı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Literatürden elde edilen veriler çalışmanın derinleşmesine yardımcı olmuştur. Sütunlar, camilerin adına inşa edildiği kişilere ve kullanıcılara göre tasarım farklılıkları göstermektedir. III. Mustafa Dönemi camileri sütun bezemelerinin, öncül Nuruosmaniye Camisi ile karşılaştırılarak ayrıntılı bir şekilde ortaya konduğu bu çalışma, 18. yüzyıldaki tasarım tercihleri ve temsiliyetlere yeni bir yorum önerirken, yüzyıldaki muhtemel tasarım kodlarının varlığını sorgulamaktadır.

Makale detayları

A Comparative Look at the Columns in 18th Century Mosques: Display and Impression from the Courtyard to the Lodge

Yazarlar:

Ülkü Demir

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Sanatları | Mimarlık Tarihi

Dergi:

Sanat Tarihi Yıllığı Issue 33, pp.49-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323462

pISSN:

0579-4080

Ottoman Baroque Architecture

Nuruosmaniye Mosque

Mustafa III Period

Column

OrnamentOsmanlı Barok Mimarisi

Nuruosmaniye Camisi

III. Mustafa Dönemi

Sütun

Bezeme

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ülkü Demir

Yayıncı: Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Sanatları | Mimarlık Tarihi

Dergi: Sanat Tarihi Yıllığı Issue 33, pp.49-87

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001323462

pISSN: 0579-4080

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ülkü Demir

Yayıncı:

Istanbul University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Sanatları | Mimarlık Tarihi

Dergi:

Sanat Tarihi Yıllığı Issue 33, pp.49-87

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001323462

pISSN:

0579-4080