Fortified Position Command in the Defense of the Straits during the Gallipoli Campaign (1915)

Orhan Fiş

Makale detayları

Fortified Position Command in the Defense of the Straits during the Gallipoli Campaign (1915)

Yazarlar:

Orhan Fiş

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.200-217

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343320

pISSN:

2148-2292

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 In the days when the First World War 1914-1918 spread to European territories, the Ottoman Empire attached great importance to the defence of the Dardanelles, which had military, strategic and geographical importance. Upon the outbreak of the war on the borders of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Ministry of War held the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command primarily responsible for the execution of land and naval activities in the region for the defence of the Dardanelles. With the declaration of general mobilisation by the Ottoman Empire on 0203 August 1914, the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command rapidly mobilised the land troops under its command and placed them in important strategic regions and coasts of the strait. With the instructions of the Commander-in-Chief, the Fortified Position Command was reinforced with the land troops of the 3rd Corps in Thrace, local gendarmerie units, artillery batteries, naval mine and torpedo elements and an aerial reconnaissance aircraft. The Bosphorus defence plan prepared by the Commander of the Fortified Position, Cevat Pasha, and his headquarters during the preparation phase of the war produced very successful results in contrast to the plan of the German officers. Within the framework of this plan, the artillery batteries under the command of the fortified position, the old cannons dismantled from the ships and the cannons ordered from Germany were used to reinforce the bastions on the coasts and important parts of the strait.

 In the days when the First World War 1914-1918 spread to European territories, the Ottoman Empire attached great importance to the defence of the Dardanelles, which had military, strategic and geographical importance. Upon the outbreak of the war on the borders of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Ministry of War held the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command primarily responsible for the execution of land and naval activities in the region for the defence of the Dardanelles. With the declaration of general mobilisation by the Ottoman Empire on 0203 August 1914, the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command rapidly mobilised the land troops under its command and placed them in important strategic regions and coasts of the strait. With the instructions of the Commander-in-Chief, the Fortified Position Command was reinforced with the land troops of the 3rd Corps in Thrace, local gendarmerie units, artillery batteries, naval mine and torpedo elements and an aerial reconnaissance aircraft. The Bosphorus defence plan prepared by the Commander of the Fortified Position, Cevat Pasha, and his headquarters during the preparation phase of the war produced very successful results in contrast to the plan of the German officers. Within the framework of this plan, the artillery batteries under the command of the fortified position, the old cannons dismantled from the ships and the cannons ordered from Germany were used to reinforce the bastions on the coasts and important parts of the strait.

 In the days when the First World War 1914-1918 spread to European territories, the Ottoman Empire attached great importance to the defence of the Dardanelles, which had military, strategic and geographical importance. Upon the outbreak of the war on the borders of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Ministry of War held the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command primarily responsible for the execution of land and naval activities in the region for the defence of the Dardanelles. With the declaration of general mobilisation by the Ottoman Empire on 0203 August 1914, the Çanakkale Fortified Position Command rapidly mobilised the land troops under its command and placed them in important strategic regions and coasts of the strait. With the instructions of the Commander-in-Chief, the Fortified Position Command was reinforced with the land troops of the 3rd Corps in Thrace, local gendarmerie units, artillery batteries, naval mine and torpedo elements and an aerial reconnaissance aircraft. The Bosphorus defence plan prepared by the Commander of the Fortified Position, Cevat Pasha, and his headquarters during the preparation phase of the war produced very successful results in contrast to the plan of the German officers. Within the framework of this plan, the artillery batteries under the command of the fortified position, the old cannons dismantled from the ships and the cannons ordered from Germany were used to reinforce the bastions on the coasts and important parts of the strait.

 Birinci Dünya Savaşı 1914-1918nın Avrupa topraklarına yayıldığı günlerde Osmanlı Devleti, askeri, stratejik ve coğrafi önemi olan Çanakkale Boğazının savunmasına çok önem vermişti. Savaşın Osmanlı Devleti sınırlarına dayanması üzerine Osmanlı Harbiye Nezareti, Boğazın savunması için bölgedeki kara ve deniz faaliyetlerinin yürütülmesinden Çanakkale Müstahkem Mevki Komutanlığını birinci derecede sorumlu tutmuştur. Osmanlı Devletinin 0203 Ağustos 1914 tarihinde genel seferberlik ilan etmesi ile birlikte, Çanakkale Müstahkem Mevki Komutanlığı emrindeki kara birliklerini süratle seferber ederek boğazın önemli stratejik bölge ve kıyılarına yerleştirmiştir. Başkomutanlığın talimatları ile Müstahkem Mevki Komutanlığı, Trakyadaki 3. Kolordu kara birlikleri, yerel jandarma birlikleri, topçu bataryaları, deniz mayın, torpido unsurları ve bir hava keşif uçağı ile takviye edilmiştir. Harbe hazırlık safhasında, Müstahkem Mevki Komutanı Cevat Paşa ve karargahının hazırladığı boğaz savunma planı, Alman subaylarının planının aksine oldukça başarılı sonuçlar doğurmuştur. Bu plan çerçevesinde Müstahkem Mevkinin emrindeki topçu bataryaları, gemilerden sökülen eski toplar ve Almanyadan sipariş edilen toplarla kıyılardaki tabyalar ve boğazın önemli yerleri takviye edilmiştir.

Makale detayları

Fortified Position Command in the Defense of the Straits during the Gallipoli Campaign (1915)

Yazarlar:

Orhan Fiş

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.200-217

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343320

pISSN:

2148-2292

Mobilisation

Fortified

Bastion

Fleet

DetachmentSeferberlik

Müstahkem

Tabya

Filo

Müfreze

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Orhan Fiş

Yayıncı: Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar: Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi: Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.200-217

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001343320

pISSN: 2148-2292

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Orhan Fiş

Yayıncı:

Hakan YILMAZ

Ana Başlıklar:

Yeniçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Dergi:

Akademik Tarih ve Düşünce Dergisi Vol.12 Issue 2, pp.200-217

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001343320

pISSN:

2148-2292