Fāṭimid Statesman Ustādh Jawdhar al-Ṣıkıllî (d. 362/973)

Furkan Erbaş

Makale detayları

Fāṭimid Statesman Ustādh Jawdhar al-Ṣıkıllî (d. 362/973)

Yazarlar:

Furkan Erbaş

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.303-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319525

pISSN:

2146-9806

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 One of the states that left important traces in Islamic history was the Fāṭimids 297-567909-1171, who belonged to the Shiite-Ismāilī understanding. The Fāṭimids, who were founded in 297 909 in Ifrīqiya, located in the east of the Maghrib, made important political and military developments during the approximately sixty-five-year period they ruled here. During the reign of the first four caliphs Mahdī, Qāim, Mansūr, Muizz covering the Maghrib period 297-362909-973, the Fāṭimids had to fight against many rebellions against the rule of the Sunnī and Kharijite tribes in the region and successfully suppressed these rebellions. The Fāṭimids, who captured middle Maghrib and far Maghrib during the reign of the fourth Fāṭimid Caliph Muizz, captured a wide geography from the west of Egypt to the Atlantic Ocean. During this period, the Byzantine Empire, one of the most important powers of the period, was fought over Sicily and Southern Italy and with the strengthening of the navy, especially during the Mansūr and Muizz periods, dominance was established over Sicily and superiority was gained in the Western Mediterranean. Undoubtedly, the most important event that took place during the Maghrib period of the Fāṭimids was the states capture of Egypt in 358 969. During the reign of Caliph Muizz, under the influence of the socio-political and socio-economic conditions in Egypt, the region was captured after a planned preparation, thus paving the way for the state to expand to the east. During the same caliphate period, the Fāṭimid Empire became one of the most powerful states of the period, with the capture of the Syria lands and the sermons in the Hidjāz beginning to be recited in the name of the Fāṭimid Caliphs. Of course, this success achieved by the Fāṭimids in the Maghrib period is only due to the intelligence, administrative and military ability, etc., of those who sat on the Fāṭimid throne. It was not realized thanks to talents. Statesmen who provided outstanding services after their affiliation to the Fāṭimid State also had an important share in this success.

 One of the states that left important traces in Islamic history was the Fāṭimids 297-567909-1171, who belonged to the Shiite-Ismāilī understanding. The Fāṭimids, who were founded in 297 909 in Ifrīqiya, located in the east of the Maghrib, made important political and military developments during the approximately sixty-five-year period they ruled here. During the reign of the first four caliphs Mahdī, Qāim, Mansūr, Muizz covering the Maghrib period 297-362909-973, the Fāṭimids had to fight against many rebellions against the rule of the Sunnī and Kharijite tribes in the region and successfully suppressed these rebellions. The Fāṭimids, who captured middle Maghrib and far Maghrib during the reign of the fourth Fāṭimid Caliph Muizz, captured a wide geography from the west of Egypt to the Atlantic Ocean. During this period, the Byzantine Empire, one of the most important powers of the period, was fought over Sicily and Southern Italy and with the strengthening of the navy, especially during the Mansūr and Muizz periods, dominance was established over Sicily and superiority was gained in the Western Mediterranean. Undoubtedly, the most important event that took place during the Maghrib period of the Fāṭimids was the states capture of Egypt in 358 969. During the reign of Caliph Muizz, under the influence of the socio-political and socio-economic conditions in Egypt, the region was captured after a planned preparation, thus paving the way for the state to expand to the east. During the same caliphate period, the Fāṭimid Empire became one of the most powerful states of the period, with the capture of the Syria lands and the sermons in the Hidjāz beginning to be recited in the name of the Fāṭimid Caliphs. Of course, this success achieved by the Fāṭimids in the Maghrib period is only due to the intelligence, administrative and military ability, etc., of those who sat on the Fāṭimid throne. It was not realized thanks to talents. Statesmen who provided outstanding services after their affiliation to the Fāṭimid State also had an important share in this success.

 One of the states that left important traces in Islamic history was the Fāṭimids 297-567909-1171, who belonged to the Shiite-Ismāilī understanding. The Fāṭimids, who were founded in 297 909 in Ifrīqiya, located in the east of the Maghrib, made important political and military developments during the approximately sixty-five-year period they ruled here. During the reign of the first four caliphs Mahdī, Qāim, Mansūr, Muizz covering the Maghrib period 297-362909-973, the Fāṭimids had to fight against many rebellions against the rule of the Sunnī and Kharijite tribes in the region and successfully suppressed these rebellions. The Fāṭimids, who captured middle Maghrib and far Maghrib during the reign of the fourth Fāṭimid Caliph Muizz, captured a wide geography from the west of Egypt to the Atlantic Ocean. During this period, the Byzantine Empire, one of the most important powers of the period, was fought over Sicily and Southern Italy and with the strengthening of the navy, especially during the Mansūr and Muizz periods, dominance was established over Sicily and superiority was gained in the Western Mediterranean. Undoubtedly, the most important event that took place during the Maghrib period of the Fāṭimids was the states capture of Egypt in 358 969. During the reign of Caliph Muizz, under the influence of the socio-political and socio-economic conditions in Egypt, the region was captured after a planned preparation, thus paving the way for the state to expand to the east. During the same caliphate period, the Fāṭimid Empire became one of the most powerful states of the period, with the capture of the Syria lands and the sermons in the Hidjāz beginning to be recited in the name of the Fāṭimid Caliphs. Of course, this success achieved by the Fāṭimids in the Maghrib period is only due to the intelligence, administrative and military ability, etc., of those who sat on the Fāṭimid throne. It was not realized thanks to talents. Statesmen who provided outstanding services after their affiliation to the Fāṭimid State also had an important share in this success.

 Mağrib ve Mısır dönemi olarak ikiye ayrılan Fâtımî devleti tarihinin Mağrib devresi Mısıra nazaran daha az incelenmiş görünmektedir. Bunun en önemli sebeplerinden bir tanesi bu dönemdeki muasır kaynakların Mısır dönemi kaynaklarına oranla fazla olmayışıdır. Bununla birlikte günümüzde Fâtımîlerin Mağrib dönemini kapsayan IV. X. yy.a ait bazı muasır kaynakların bulunmuş olması, söz konusu döneme ait önemli bilgilerden haberdar olabilmemize imkân tanımıştır. Bu eserlerden olan ve Fâtımî devletinin Mağrib dönemindeki bürokrasisine ışık tutan Sîretül-Üstâz Cevzer adlı muasır kaynak, Fâtımîlerde halife ve veliahttan sonraki üç numaralı devlet adamı olma şerefine nail olan slav asıllı Üstâz Cevzerin ilk Halife Ubeydullâh el-Mehdî döneminde devlet hizmetine alınmasından, dördüncü Halife Muizzin hilâfet merkezini Mansûriyeden Kâhireye taşımasına değin gerçekleştirdiği önemli faaliyetlerini konu edinmektedir. Ele aldığımız çalışmada Fâtımîlerin Mağrib dönemindeki önde gelen devlet adamlarından bir tanesi olan Üstâz Cevzerin hayatı detaylı bir şekilde incelenerek bu dönemin bürokrasisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sunulması hedeflenmektedir. Başta Sîretül-Üstâz Cevzer adlı çağdaş kaynak olmak üzere Üstâz Cevzer hakkında bilgi veren az sayıda eserin incelenmesinin yanında batıda da yapılan araştırmalara değinilerek hazırlanan çalışma, literatüre sunacağı katkı itibarıyla özgündür. Ayrıca çalışma bazı araştırmacılarca Üstâz Cevzerin, Mısırı ele geçiren komutan Cevher es-Sıkıllî ile aynı kişi olduğu yönündeki yanlış kanaatlerin ortadan kalkmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Yine bazı araştırmacılar tarafından Fâtımîlerin Mağrib dönemi veziri olarak kabul edilen Üstâz Cevzerin gerçekten vezirlik görevini deruhte edip etmediği gibi sorulara çalışmada cevap aranacaktır.

Makale detayları

Fāṭimid Statesman Ustādh Jawdhar al-Ṣıkıllî (d. 362/973)

Yazarlar:

Furkan Erbaş

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.303-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319525

pISSN:

2146-9806

History of Islam

Fāṭimids

Maghrib

Slavs

Ustādh Jawdharİslâm Tarihi

Fâtımîler

Mağrib

Slavlar

Üstâz Cevzer

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Furkan Erbaş

Yayıncı: Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi: Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.303-325

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001319525

pISSN: 2146-9806

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Furkan Erbaş

Yayıncı:

Sakarya University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Araştırmaları (Diğer)

Dergi:

Sakarya Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.26 Issue 49, pp.303-325

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001319525

pISSN:

2146-9806