THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE HIGHWAY, RAILWAY AND AIRLINE SECTORS: A REVIEW ON TURKEY

Hatice Erkekoğlu; Ayşe Şahin

Makale detayları

THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE HIGHWAY, RAILWAY AND AIRLINE SECTORS: A REVIEW ON TURKEY

Yazarlar:

Hatice Erkekoğlu | Ayşe Şahin

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.353-369

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286663

pISSN:

2757-7031

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The first case in the Covid-19 pandemic, which has influenced all over the world, was seen in the Wuhan Province of China on December 1, 2019, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization WHO on March 11, 2020 The Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health, 2020. In this study, road, rail, and air transportation data between 2011 and 2020 were evaluated to examine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on passenger and freight transportation in Turkey and interpreted by comparing them with the Covid-19 period. Since there were not many studies on these three sectors, it is thought that the article can contribute to the literature. The most recent data in the records of the Turkish Statistical Institute TUIK were accessed for the year 2020 but there was no data on maritime transportation for recent years, so this sector was not included in the analysis. According to the findings, until 2019, in all of the transportation data examined this study for every year there was a stable trend and only a tiny change, but in 2020, a significant decrease was observed these sectors on it except road and rail freight transportation. In 2020, the number of passengers decreased by 61 and the amount of cargo decreased by 39 in airline transportation compared to the previous year. Similarly, the number of railway passengers and road passengers has reduced by 40 and 15 respectively, whereas the amount of railway and road freight has increased by 3 and 2 respectively. In addition, within 10 years, the shares of passenger and freight volumes in these sectors were also examined, it was found that there was an increase in road and rail freight transportation and a decrease in passenger transportation in 2020. Also, in 2020 compared with 2019, the share of airline passenger transportation has declined by 8 and with the same trend, the freight rate has diminished by 5. As a result of these assessments, it can be stated that the Covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected passenger and freight transportation in all three sectors and has caused economic losses.

 The first case in the Covid-19 pandemic, which has influenced all over the world, was seen in the Wuhan Province of China on December 1, 2019, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization WHO on March 11, 2020 The Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health, 2020. In this study, road, rail, and air transportation data between 2011 and 2020 were evaluated to examine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on passenger and freight transportation in Turkey and interpreted by comparing them with the Covid-19 period. Since there were not many studies on these three sectors, it is thought that the article can contribute to the literature. The most recent data in the records of the Turkish Statistical Institute TUIK were accessed for the year 2020 but there was no data on maritime transportation for recent years, so this sector was not included in the analysis. According to the findings, until 2019, in all of the transportation data examined this study for every year there was a stable trend and only a tiny change, but in 2020, a significant decrease was observed these sectors on it except road and rail freight transportation. In 2020, the number of passengers decreased by 61 and the amount of cargo decreased by 39 in airline transportation compared to the previous year. Similarly, the number of railway passengers and road passengers has reduced by 40 and 15 respectively, whereas the amount of railway and road freight has increased by 3 and 2 respectively. In addition, within 10 years, the shares of passenger and freight volumes in these sectors were also examined, it was found that there was an increase in road and rail freight transportation and a decrease in passenger transportation in 2020. Also, in 2020 compared with 2019, the share of airline passenger transportation has declined by 8 and with the same trend, the freight rate has diminished by 5. As a result of these assessments, it can be stated that the Covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected passenger and freight transportation in all three sectors and has caused economic losses.

 The first case in the Covid-19 pandemic, which has influenced all over the world, was seen in the Wuhan Province of China on December 1, 2019, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization WHO on March 11, 2020 The Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Health, 2020. In this study, road, rail, and air transportation data between 2011 and 2020 were evaluated to examine the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on passenger and freight transportation in Turkey and interpreted by comparing them with the Covid-19 period. Since there were not many studies on these three sectors, it is thought that the article can contribute to the literature. The most recent data in the records of the Turkish Statistical Institute TUIK were accessed for the year 2020 but there was no data on maritime transportation for recent years, so this sector was not included in the analysis. According to the findings, until 2019, in all of the transportation data examined this study for every year there was a stable trend and only a tiny change, but in 2020, a significant decrease was observed these sectors on it except road and rail freight transportation. In 2020, the number of passengers decreased by 61 and the amount of cargo decreased by 39 in airline transportation compared to the previous year. Similarly, the number of railway passengers and road passengers has reduced by 40 and 15 respectively, whereas the amount of railway and road freight has increased by 3 and 2 respectively. In addition, within 10 years, the shares of passenger and freight volumes in these sectors were also examined, it was found that there was an increase in road and rail freight transportation and a decrease in passenger transportation in 2020. Also, in 2020 compared with 2019, the share of airline passenger transportation has declined by 8 and with the same trend, the freight rate has diminished by 5. As a result of these assessments, it can be stated that the Covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected passenger and freight transportation in all three sectors and has caused economic losses.

 Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan Covid-19 pandemisinde ilk vaka 1 Aralık 2019da Çinin Wuhan Eyaletinde görülmüş ve 11 Mart 2020de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü WHO tarafından pandemi ilan edilmiştir Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı, 2020. Bu çalışmada, Covid-19 pandemisinin Türkiyedeki yolcu ve yük taşımacılığına etkilerini incelemek amacıyla 2011-2020 yılları arasındaki karayolu, demiryolu ve havayolu taşımacılığı verileri değerlendirmeye alınmış ve Covid-19 dönemi ile karşılaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır. Bu üç sektöre yönelik çok fazla çalışma olmaması nedeniyle makalenin literatüre katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu TÜİK kayıtlarındaki en güncel verilere 2020 yılı için ulaşılabilmiş ancak son yıllara ait denizyolu taşımacılığı verisi olmadığı için bu sektör analize dahil edilmemiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre yolcu ve yük miktarlarına ilişkin verilerde 2019 yılına kadar her yıl sadece küçük bir değişiklik olması şeklinde istikrarlı bir seyir görülürken, 2020 yılında karayolu ve demiryolu yük taşımacılığı haricindeki diğer verilerde önemli ölçüde düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. 2020 yılında bir önceki yıla göre havayolu taşımacılığında yolcu sayısı 61, kargo miktarı ise 39 azalmıştır. Aynı şekilde, demiryolu yolcu sayısı 40 ve karayolu yolcu sayısı 15 azalırken, demiryolu ve karayolu yük taşıma miktarları sırasıyla 3 ve 2 artmıştır. Ek olarak 10 yıl içerisinde bu sektörlerdeki yolcu ve yük hacimlerinin payları da incelendiğinde, 2020 yılında karayolu ve demiryolu yük taşımacılığında artış, yolcu taşımacılığında ise düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca 2020 yılında 2019 yılına göre havayolu yolcu taşımacılığının payı 8, yük oranı ise aynı trendle 5 oranında gerilemiştir. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucunda, Covid-19 pandemisinin her üç sektörde de yolcu ve yük taşımacılığını olumsuz etkilediği ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olduğu ifade edilebilir.

Makale detayları

THE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE HIGHWAY, RAILWAY AND AIRLINE SECTORS: A REVIEW ON TURKEY

Yazarlar:

Hatice Erkekoğlu | Ayşe Şahin

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.353-369

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286663

pISSN:

2757-7031

Covid-19

Airline

Highway

Railway

Passenger

Covid-19

Havayolu

Karayolu

Demiryolu

Yolcu

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hatice Erkekoğlu | Ayşe Şahin

Yayıncı: Erciyes University

Dergi: Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.353-369

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 3/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001286663

pISSN: 2757-7031

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hatice Erkekoğlu | Ayşe Şahin

Yayıncı:

Erciyes University

Dergi:

Erciyes Akademi Vol.37 Issue 1, pp.353-369

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

3/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001286663

pISSN:

2757-7031