The Nutritional Status of Apple Varieties Grafted onto Dwarf and Semi-Dwarf Rootstocks in the Ovapınar Region of Van Province

Sibel Boysan Canal; Mehmet Ali Bozkurt

Makale detayları

The Nutritional Status of Apple Varieties Grafted onto Dwarf and Semi-Dwarf Rootstocks in the Ovapınar Region of Van Province

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal | Mehmet Ali Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.30 Issue 2, pp.830-838

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357517

pISSN:

1300-5413

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study evaluated the nutritional status of trees using soil and leaf samples collected from producer apple orchards in the Ovapınar neighborhood of the Muradiye district in Van province. The nutritional status of apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, including Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, Granny Smith, Golden, and Jonathan, as well as those grafted onto the semi-dwarf MM106 rootstock, including Fuji, Jonagored, Red Chief, Mondial Gala, and those grafted on to the MM111 rootstock, including Scarlet Spur, has been examined. In soil samples taken from areas where dwarf and semi-dwarf apple trees are grown, pH, salt, lime, texture, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, macro and micro nutrient elements were analyzed. In plant samples, macro and micronutrient element analyses were conducted. According to the findings, the soil characteristics of dwarf and semi-dwarf grafted apple trees are medium-textured, strongly alkaline pH, salt-free, and moderately calcareous. Organic matter was moderate in surface soils and low in deeper layers, while nitrogen N and phosphorus P were sufficient, potassium K and calcium Ca were excessive, and magnesium Mg was sufficient. Micronutrients were found to have high iron Fe content, sufficient manganese Mn content, and adequate copper Cu content, but low zinc Zn content. In apple varieties grafted onto dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, the N and P content was found to be at sufficient levels. Grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, the Golden and Jonathan apple varieties had sufficient levels of K, while the Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, and Granny Smith varieties had low levels. In semi-dwarf rootstock grafted apple varieties, K was sufficient in the Modial Gala apple variety grafted onto the MM106 rootstock, while K was insufficient in the Fuji, Jonagored, and Red Chief varieties. Moreover, all dwarf and semi-dwarf apple varieties have deficient levels of calcium and magnesium. In apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock and semi-dwarf MM106 and MM111 rootstocks, the Fe, Cu, and Mn content was found to be sufficient, but the Zn content was found to be insufficient. According to soil analysis results, insufficient zinc levels negatively affect tree nutrition, leading to zinc Zn deficiency. Both soil and foliar fertilizers should be used to treat apple trees zinc deficiencies. The use of organic fertilizers, the application of suitable soil conditioners, and regulated pH reduction are advised to lessen calcium and magnesium deficits.

 This study evaluated the nutritional status of trees using soil and leaf samples collected from producer apple orchards in the Ovapınar neighborhood of the Muradiye district in Van province. The nutritional status of apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, including Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, Granny Smith, Golden, and Jonathan, as well as those grafted onto the semi-dwarf MM106 rootstock, including Fuji, Jonagored, Red Chief, Mondial Gala, and those grafted on to the MM111 rootstock, including Scarlet Spur, has been examined. In soil samples taken from areas where dwarf and semi-dwarf apple trees are grown, pH, salt, lime, texture, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, macro and micro nutrient elements were analyzed. In plant samples, macro and micronutrient element analyses were conducted. According to the findings, the soil characteristics of dwarf and semi-dwarf grafted apple trees are medium-textured, strongly alkaline pH, salt-free, and moderately calcareous. Organic matter was moderate in surface soils and low in deeper layers, while nitrogen N and phosphorus P were sufficient, potassium K and calcium Ca were excessive, and magnesium Mg was sufficient. Micronutrients were found to have high iron Fe content, sufficient manganese Mn content, and adequate copper Cu content, but low zinc Zn content. In apple varieties grafted onto dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, the N and P content was found to be at sufficient levels. Grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, the Golden and Jonathan apple varieties had sufficient levels of K, while the Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, and Granny Smith varieties had low levels. In semi-dwarf rootstock grafted apple varieties, K was sufficient in the Modial Gala apple variety grafted onto the MM106 rootstock, while K was insufficient in the Fuji, Jonagored, and Red Chief varieties. Moreover, all dwarf and semi-dwarf apple varieties have deficient levels of calcium and magnesium. In apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock and semi-dwarf MM106 and MM111 rootstocks, the Fe, Cu, and Mn content was found to be sufficient, but the Zn content was found to be insufficient. According to soil analysis results, insufficient zinc levels negatively affect tree nutrition, leading to zinc Zn deficiency. Both soil and foliar fertilizers should be used to treat apple trees zinc deficiencies. The use of organic fertilizers, the application of suitable soil conditioners, and regulated pH reduction are advised to lessen calcium and magnesium deficits.

 This study evaluated the nutritional status of trees using soil and leaf samples collected from producer apple orchards in the Ovapınar neighborhood of the Muradiye district in Van province. The nutritional status of apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, including Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, Granny Smith, Golden, and Jonathan, as well as those grafted onto the semi-dwarf MM106 rootstock, including Fuji, Jonagored, Red Chief, Mondial Gala, and those grafted on to the MM111 rootstock, including Scarlet Spur, has been examined. In soil samples taken from areas where dwarf and semi-dwarf apple trees are grown, pH, salt, lime, texture, organic matter, cation exchange capacity, macro and micro nutrient elements were analyzed. In plant samples, macro and micronutrient element analyses were conducted. According to the findings, the soil characteristics of dwarf and semi-dwarf grafted apple trees are medium-textured, strongly alkaline pH, salt-free, and moderately calcareous. Organic matter was moderate in surface soils and low in deeper layers, while nitrogen N and phosphorus P were sufficient, potassium K and calcium Ca were excessive, and magnesium Mg was sufficient. Micronutrients were found to have high iron Fe content, sufficient manganese Mn content, and adequate copper Cu content, but low zinc Zn content. In apple varieties grafted onto dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, the N and P content was found to be at sufficient levels. Grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock, the Golden and Jonathan apple varieties had sufficient levels of K, while the Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, and Granny Smith varieties had low levels. In semi-dwarf rootstock grafted apple varieties, K was sufficient in the Modial Gala apple variety grafted onto the MM106 rootstock, while K was insufficient in the Fuji, Jonagored, and Red Chief varieties. Moreover, all dwarf and semi-dwarf apple varieties have deficient levels of calcium and magnesium. In apple varieties grafted onto the dwarf M9 rootstock and semi-dwarf MM106 and MM111 rootstocks, the Fe, Cu, and Mn content was found to be sufficient, but the Zn content was found to be insufficient. According to soil analysis results, insufficient zinc levels negatively affect tree nutrition, leading to zinc Zn deficiency. Both soil and foliar fertilizers should be used to treat apple trees zinc deficiencies. The use of organic fertilizers, the application of suitable soil conditioners, and regulated pH reduction are advised to lessen calcium and magnesium deficits.

 Bu çalışma, Van ili Muradiye ilçesi Ovapınar Mahallesindeki üretici elma bahçelerinden toplanan toprak ve yaprak örnekleri ile ağaçların beslenme durumu değerlendirilmiştir. Bodur M9 anacına aşılı, Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, Granny Smith , Golden ve Jonathan elma çeşitleri ile Yarı bodur MM106 anacına aşılı Fuji, Jonagored, Red Chief, Modial Gala ve MM111 anacına aşılı Scarlet Spur elma çeşitlerinin beslenme durumu ele alınmıştır. Bodur ve yarı bodur elma ağaçlarının yetiştiği derinliklerden alınan toprak örneklerinde, pH, tuz, kireç, tekstür, organik madde, katyon değişim kapasitesi, makro ve mikro besin elementleri analiz edilmiştir. Bitki örneklerinde, makro ve mikro besin elementleri analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde dilen tüm verilere göre, bodur ve yarı bodur elma ağaçları için toprak özellikleri orta bünyeli, pH sı kuvvetli alkali, tuzsuz, orta kireçlidir. Organik madde yüzey topraklarında orta, derinlerde az bulunmuştur. Azot N yeterli, yarayışlı fosfor P yeterli, potasyum K ve kalsiyum Ca fazla, magnezyum Mg yeterlidir. Mikro besin elementleri, ise Fe demir içeriği fazla, Mn mangan yeterli, Cu bakır yeterli ancak Zn çinko az olduğu bulunmuştur. Bodur ve yarı bodur anaçlara aşılı elma çeşitlerinde N, P içeriği yeterli düzeyde bulunmuştur. Bodur M9anacına aşılı, Golden ve Jonathan elma çeşitlerinde K yeterli düzeyde bulunurken, Braeburn, Fuji, Mondial Gala, Granny Smith çeşitlerinde az düzeyde bulunmuştur.Yarı Bodur anacına aşılı elma çeşitlerinde MM106 anacına aşılı Modial Gala elma çeşidinde K yeterli Fuji, Jonagored, Red Chief çeşitlerinde K yetersiz bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte bodur ve yarı bodur tüm elma çeşitlerinde kalsiyum ve magnezyum noksan düzeydedir. Bodur M9anacına aşılı elma çeşitlerinde ve yarı bodur MM106ve MM111 anaçlarına aşılı elma çeşitlerinde Fe, Cu ve Mn içeriği yeterli, ancak Zn içeriği noksan yetersiz olduğu bulunmuştur. Toprak analiz sonuçlarına göre, çinko düzeylerinin yetersiz olması, ağaçlarda beslenmeyi olumsuz etkileyerek Zn noksanlığına yol açmaktadır. Zn noksanlığının giderilmesi için yapraktan yapılan gübrelemeler tekrarlanmalıdır. Elma ağaçlarının kök çinko ihtiyacının giderilmesi için topraktan gübreleme mutlaka yapılmalıdır. Toprakta kalsiyum ve magnezyum eksikliklerinin giderilmesi amacıyla, pH seviyesinin kontrollü bir şekilde düşürülmesi, için, toprak düzenleyicilerin kullanılması ve organik gübre uygulamaları uygun olabilir.

Makale detayları

The Nutritional Status of Apple Varieties Grafted onto Dwarf and Semi-Dwarf Rootstocks in the Ovapınar Region of Van Province

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal | Mehmet Ali Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.30 Issue 2, pp.830-838

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357517

pISSN:

1300-5413

Apple

Dwarf

Micro nutrients

Macro nutrients

Semi dwarfBodur

Elma

Mikro elementler

Makro elementler

Yarı bodur

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Sibel Boysan Canal | Mehmet Ali Bozkurt

Yayıncı: Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar: Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.30 Issue 2, pp.830-838

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001357517

pISSN: 1300-5413

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Sibel Boysan Canal | Mehmet Ali Bozkurt

Yayıncı:

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.30 Issue 2, pp.830-838

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357517

pISSN:

1300-5413