New World (America) from the Old World: Animals in Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī*

Ahmet İğdi

Makale detayları

New World (America) from the Old World: Animals in Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī*

Yazarlar:

Ahmet İğdi

Yayıncı:

Mus Alparslan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Coğrafyası Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.1133-1188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349092

pISSN:

2149-4622

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The discovery of the American continent, formerly known as the New World, caused a significant transformation in world history. The first independent work on the continent written in Ottoman Turkish, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī , was written in the 16th century and encouraged the Ottomans to participate in expeditions to benefit from the underground and aboveground riches of the American continent that was being discovered. This work, which describes the geography, mines, fauna and flora of the new continent, also provides detailed information about the animals on the continent. This study examines the place of Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī in Ottoman natural history literature, with a special focus on animals living on the American continent. The literature on the discovery of the continent is comparatively examined and the works contributions to Ottoman natural science are examined. The text, which differs to a certain extent from the previous works of the acaibül-mahlukât genre in that it conveys information based mostly on observation, also carries the nature of a continuation of this tradition by including some mythical creatures such as fishmen. While introducing creatures native to America such as bison, manatee, tapir, armadillo and hummingbird, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī illustrated some of them and conveyed the characteristics of these animals. In addition, the work is of great importance as it is a text in which some words from the native languages of America are transferred to Ottoman Turkish for the first time.

 The discovery of the American continent, formerly known as the New World, caused a significant transformation in world history. The first independent work on the continent written in Ottoman Turkish, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī , was written in the 16th century and encouraged the Ottomans to participate in expeditions to benefit from the underground and aboveground riches of the American continent that was being discovered. This work, which describes the geography, mines, fauna and flora of the new continent, also provides detailed information about the animals on the continent. This study examines the place of Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī in Ottoman natural history literature, with a special focus on animals living on the American continent. The literature on the discovery of the continent is comparatively examined and the works contributions to Ottoman natural science are examined. The text, which differs to a certain extent from the previous works of the acaibül-mahlukât genre in that it conveys information based mostly on observation, also carries the nature of a continuation of this tradition by including some mythical creatures such as fishmen. While introducing creatures native to America such as bison, manatee, tapir, armadillo and hummingbird, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī illustrated some of them and conveyed the characteristics of these animals. In addition, the work is of great importance as it is a text in which some words from the native languages of America are transferred to Ottoman Turkish for the first time.

 The discovery of the American continent, formerly known as the New World, caused a significant transformation in world history. The first independent work on the continent written in Ottoman Turkish, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī , was written in the 16th century and encouraged the Ottomans to participate in expeditions to benefit from the underground and aboveground riches of the American continent that was being discovered. This work, which describes the geography, mines, fauna and flora of the new continent, also provides detailed information about the animals on the continent. This study examines the place of Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī in Ottoman natural history literature, with a special focus on animals living on the American continent. The literature on the discovery of the continent is comparatively examined and the works contributions to Ottoman natural science are examined. The text, which differs to a certain extent from the previous works of the acaibül-mahlukât genre in that it conveys information based mostly on observation, also carries the nature of a continuation of this tradition by including some mythical creatures such as fishmen. While introducing creatures native to America such as bison, manatee, tapir, armadillo and hummingbird, Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī illustrated some of them and conveyed the characteristics of these animals. In addition, the work is of great importance as it is a text in which some words from the native languages of America are transferred to Ottoman Turkish for the first time.

 Geçmişte Yeni Dünya olarak adlandırılan Amerika kıtasının keşfi, dünya tarihinde önemli bir dönüşüme sebep olmuştur. Kıtayla ilgili Osmanlı Türkçesiyle kaleme alınan ilk müstakil çalışma olan Târîh-i Hindî Garbî, 16. yüzyılda yazılmış olup, Osmanlıları keşfedilmekte olan Amerika kıtasının yeraltı ve yerüstü zenginliklerinden faydalanabilmeleri için keşif seferlerine katılmaya teşvik etmiştir. Yeni kıtanın coğrafyasını, madenlerini, fauna ve florasını anlatan bu eser, aynı zamanda kıtadaki hayvanlar hakkında detaylı bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Târîh-i Hindî Garbî adlı eserin, Osmanlı doğa tarihi yazını içindeki yerini, Amerika kıtasında yaşayan hayvanlar özelinde incelemektedir. Kıtanın keşfine dair literatür, karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış ve eserin Osmanlı doğa bilimine olan katkıları irdelenmiştir. Daha çok gözleme dayalı bilgiler aktarması bakımından kendisinden önceki acâibül-mahlûkât türü eserlerden belli ölçüde ayrışan metin, balık adamlar gibi bazı efsanevi varlıklara yer vermesiyle bu geleneğin bir devamı niteliğini de taşır. Târîh-i Hindî Garbî, bizon, manati, tapir, armadillo ve sinek kuşu gibi Amerikaya özgü canlıları tanıtırken, bunlardan bazılarını resimlemiş ve bu hayvanların özelliklerini aktarmıştır. Ayrıca eser, Amerikanın yerli dillerindeki bazı kelimelerin Osmanlı Türkçesine ilk kez aktarıldığı bir metin olması bakımından da büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Makale detayları

New World (America) from the Old World: Animals in Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī*

Yazarlar:

Ahmet İğdi

Yayıncı:

Mus Alparslan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Coğrafyası Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.1133-1188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349092

pISSN:

2149-4622

History of Islam

Ottoman Geography

Natural History

Discovery of America

Tārīkh-i Hind-i Gharbī

Animalsİslam Tarihi

Osmanlı Coğrafyacılığı

Doğa Tarihi

Amerika’nın Keşfi

Târîh-i Hindi Garbî

Hayvanlar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ahmet İğdi

Yayıncı: Mus Alparslan University

Ana Başlıklar: İslam Coğrafyası Arkeolojisi

Dergi: Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.1133-1188

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001349092

pISSN: 2149-4622

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ahmet İğdi

Yayıncı:

Mus Alparslan University

Ana Başlıklar:

İslam Coğrafyası Arkeolojisi

Dergi:

Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 2, pp.1133-1188

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349092

pISSN:

2149-4622