A Comparative Analysis of Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde's Sociology of the State

Emre Özcan

Makale detayları

A Comparative Analysis of Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde's Sociology of the State

Yazarlar:

Emre Özcan

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyaset Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 4, pp.1655-1674

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334318

pISSN:

2667-8683

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The discussions carried out by Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde on the issue of sociology becoming an independent discipline are generally evaluated under headings such as the distinction between natural sciences and social sciences, the relationship between sociology and psychology, and the impact of biology on sociology. Considering that the focus of these discussions is the way sociology characterizes itself, it should be considered normal that subsequent analyzes proceed on these and similar topics. However, it is overlooked that these thinkers, who are seen as the founding names of sociology, have also written many works and theoretical analyzes in the field of political sociology and therefore can also be considered as political sociologists. Both of them continued to use the theoretical analyzes they put forward while theorizing sociology in their political theories. One of the most important issues for both of them at this point was their views on the nature of the state and the state-society relationship. Both Durkheim and Tarde, like many political scientists and political sociologists of the period, not only presented many ideas on the origin and development of the state, but also made claims about the ways of organising the state-society relationship and the requirements of the ideal understanding of government. Based on these considerations, this study develops a comparative approach to Durkheims and Tardes analyses of the sociology of the state in the context of the evolutionary schema of the state and the state-society relationship.

 The discussions carried out by Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde on the issue of sociology becoming an independent discipline are generally evaluated under headings such as the distinction between natural sciences and social sciences, the relationship between sociology and psychology, and the impact of biology on sociology. Considering that the focus of these discussions is the way sociology characterizes itself, it should be considered normal that subsequent analyzes proceed on these and similar topics. However, it is overlooked that these thinkers, who are seen as the founding names of sociology, have also written many works and theoretical analyzes in the field of political sociology and therefore can also be considered as political sociologists. Both of them continued to use the theoretical analyzes they put forward while theorizing sociology in their political theories. One of the most important issues for both of them at this point was their views on the nature of the state and the state-society relationship. Both Durkheim and Tarde, like many political scientists and political sociologists of the period, not only presented many ideas on the origin and development of the state, but also made claims about the ways of organising the state-society relationship and the requirements of the ideal understanding of government. Based on these considerations, this study develops a comparative approach to Durkheims and Tardes analyses of the sociology of the state in the context of the evolutionary schema of the state and the state-society relationship.

 The discussions carried out by Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde on the issue of sociology becoming an independent discipline are generally evaluated under headings such as the distinction between natural sciences and social sciences, the relationship between sociology and psychology, and the impact of biology on sociology. Considering that the focus of these discussions is the way sociology characterizes itself, it should be considered normal that subsequent analyzes proceed on these and similar topics. However, it is overlooked that these thinkers, who are seen as the founding names of sociology, have also written many works and theoretical analyzes in the field of political sociology and therefore can also be considered as political sociologists. Both of them continued to use the theoretical analyzes they put forward while theorizing sociology in their political theories. One of the most important issues for both of them at this point was their views on the nature of the state and the state-society relationship. Both Durkheim and Tarde, like many political scientists and political sociologists of the period, not only presented many ideas on the origin and development of the state, but also made claims about the ways of organising the state-society relationship and the requirements of the ideal understanding of government. Based on these considerations, this study develops a comparative approach to Durkheims and Tardes analyses of the sociology of the state in the context of the evolutionary schema of the state and the state-society relationship.

 Emile Durkheim ile Gabriel Tardeın, sosyolojinin bağımsız bir disiplin haline gelmesi noktasında yürüttüğü tartışmalar, genellikle doğa bilimleri-sosyal bilimler ayrımı, sosyoloji psikoloji ilişkisi, biyolojinin sosyolojiye etkisi gibi başlıklarla değerlendirilmektedir. Bu tartışmaların odağının sosyolojinin kendisini karakterize etme biçimi olduğu dikkate alındığında, sonraki çözümlemelerin bu ve benzeri başlıklar üzerinden ilerlemesini olağan karşılamak gerekir. Fakat sosyolojinin kurucu isimleri olarak görülen bu düşünürlerin, siyaset sosyolojisi alanında da birçok esere, kuramsal çözümlemeye imza attığı ve dolayısıyla siyaset sosyoloğu olarak da değerlendirilebilecekleri unutulmamalıdır. Her iki isim klasik siyaset teorilerinin düşünce sahalarındaki devlet, iktidar, parlamento, demokrasi gibi unsurlara eğilmelerinin yanında bu unsurları toplumsallaşma, örgütlenme, suç gibi bileşenlere içkin olarak çözümlemekteydi. Her ikisi de sosyolojiyi kuramlaştırırken vurguladıkları teorik analizleri siyaset teorilerinin de içerisinde çalıştırmaktaydı. İki isim açısından bu noktadaki önemli konulardan biri devletin doğası ve devlet-toplum ilişkisine dair görüşlerdi. Hem Durkheim hem Tarde dönemin birçok siyaset bilimcisi ve siyaset sosyoloğu gibi devletin kökensel niteliği, gelişimi üzerine fikir sunmalarının yanı sıra devlet-toplum ilişkisinin düzenlenme biçimlerine ve ideal yönetim anlayışının gerekliliklerine dair de iddialar sunmaktaydılar. Bu çalışma, bunlardan hareketle, devleti çoklu bir zeminde irdeleyen ve devletin otoriterliğe savrulma risklerine eğilen Durkheim ile Tardeın devlet sosyolojisi analizlerine devletin evrimsel şeması ve devlet-toplum ilişkisi bağlamında karşılaştırmalı bir yaklaşım geliştirmektedir. Durkheim, evrimsel şemayı işbölümündeki gelişmelere dayandırırken, Tarde, aileden kabile ve devlete uzanan doğrusal bir tutum takınır. Durkheim, birçok klasik siyaset teorisindeki aileyi başlangıç noktasına koyan devlet analizlerini reddeder. Devlet-toplum ilişkisi odağındaysa her iki düşünür devleti toplumlar üzerindeki planlamacı, düzenlemeci işleviyle görmektedir.

Makale detayları

A Comparative Analysis of Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde's Sociology of the State

Yazarlar:

Emre Özcan

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyaset Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 4, pp.1655-1674

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334318

pISSN:

2667-8683

Emile Durkheim

Gabriel Tarde

State SociologyEmile Durkheim

Gabriel Tarde

Devlet Sosyolojisi

Sayı

Makale detayları

A Comparative Analysis of Emile Durkheim and Gabriel Tarde's Sociology of the State

Yazarlar: Emre Özcan

Yayıncı: Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar: Siyaset Sosyolojisi

Dergi: Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 4, pp.1655-1674

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001334318

pISSN: 2667-8683

Emile Durkheim

Gabriel Tarde

State SociologyEmile Durkheim

Gabriel Tarde

Devlet Sosyolojisi

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Emre Özcan

Yayıncı:

Anadolu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Siyaset Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.24 Issue 4, pp.1655-1674

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001334318

pISSN:

2667-8683