Inspired by Uses and Gratifications Theory: Why Do We Watch Short Films?

Eda Türkay

Makale detayları

Inspired by Uses and Gratifications Theory: Why Do We Watch Short Films?

Yazarlar:

Eda Türkay

Yayıncı:

İstanbul Gelisim University

Ana Başlıklar:

Radyo-Televizyon

Dergi:

ART/icle: Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 2, pp.126-144

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311326

pISSN:

2718-1057

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Purpose of the Study: Uses and gratifications theory is a theory that develops within communication research. It reversed the examination of what the media does with the audience, which was on the agenda of previous media effect studies, and started questioning what the audience does with the media. In this study, theory will be used to discover the relationship between the audience and the short film, which can be considered an alternative narrative medium. The aim of the study is to concretize why we watch short films, what kind of satisfaction we get from short films and what kind of relationship we establish through interviews with short film followers. Literature ReviewBackground: The study limits its theoretical framework to the uses and gratifications theory. Although the history of the theory dates back to the 1940s, the person who defined it as a use and satisfaction study is Elihu Katz. The issue of the theory is what Katz wrote in his 1959 article and asked, What do audiences do with the media? is in the question. The concepts of the theory, which is based on the fact that the audience is active, are active audience, satisfaction sought, satisfaction obtained. The concepts in question constitute the conceptual framework of the study, and the relationship of the concepts with the short film genre and its audience reveals the scope of the study. Method: Inspired by the uses and gratifications theory and the basic question of the theory, which is what the audience does with the media and why they prefer the content they prefer, the question of why short film viewers prefer to watch short films will be analyzed using the semi-structured in-depth interview method. The in-depth interview method was preferred because it establishes the relationship between the researcher and the subjects of the research on the basis of social interaction and paves the way for multifaceted communication; since an interview was requested that was expected to be enriched by the comments of the subjects, it was deemed appropriate for the interviews to be semi-structured. The subjects to whom the method will be applied are short film viewers. Results: As a result of the in-depth interviews, it was observed that the reasons for watching short films were generalized as short films being short-term and presenting a more creative narrative. In addition, it was found in the study that the motivation of short film viewers to watch short films arose from the function of surveillance in order to follow developments in the sector and narrative dimension, and that viewers achieved -at the highest rate- cultural satisfaction by watching short films. Conclusion: The view that short films are evaluated as an alternative medium that offers creative narratives in a short time, and the finding that viewers turn to short films especially out of curiosity and to provide cultural satisfaction, obtained as a result of in-depth interviews, are considered as subjective evaluations and individual comments. The most fundamental reason why the findings obtained as a result of the study are characterized as comments is the emphasis on individuality, which is also particularly expressed in the theory of uses and gratifications.

 The Purpose of the Study: Uses and gratifications theory is a theory that develops within communication research. It reversed the examination of what the media does with the audience, which was on the agenda of previous media effect studies, and started questioning what the audience does with the media. In this study, theory will be used to discover the relationship between the audience and the short film, which can be considered an alternative narrative medium. The aim of the study is to concretize why we watch short films, what kind of satisfaction we get from short films and what kind of relationship we establish through interviews with short film followers. Literature ReviewBackground: The study limits its theoretical framework to the uses and gratifications theory. Although the history of the theory dates back to the 1940s, the person who defined it as a use and satisfaction study is Elihu Katz. The issue of the theory is what Katz wrote in his 1959 article and asked, What do audiences do with the media? is in the question. The concepts of the theory, which is based on the fact that the audience is active, are active audience, satisfaction sought, satisfaction obtained. The concepts in question constitute the conceptual framework of the study, and the relationship of the concepts with the short film genre and its audience reveals the scope of the study. Method: Inspired by the uses and gratifications theory and the basic question of the theory, which is what the audience does with the media and why they prefer the content they prefer, the question of why short film viewers prefer to watch short films will be analyzed using the semi-structured in-depth interview method. The in-depth interview method was preferred because it establishes the relationship between the researcher and the subjects of the research on the basis of social interaction and paves the way for multifaceted communication; since an interview was requested that was expected to be enriched by the comments of the subjects, it was deemed appropriate for the interviews to be semi-structured. The subjects to whom the method will be applied are short film viewers. Results: As a result of the in-depth interviews, it was observed that the reasons for watching short films were generalized as short films being short-term and presenting a more creative narrative. In addition, it was found in the study that the motivation of short film viewers to watch short films arose from the function of surveillance in order to follow developments in the sector and narrative dimension, and that viewers achieved -at the highest rate- cultural satisfaction by watching short films. Conclusion: The view that short films are evaluated as an alternative medium that offers creative narratives in a short time, and the finding that viewers turn to short films especially out of curiosity and to provide cultural satisfaction, obtained as a result of in-depth interviews, are considered as subjective evaluations and individual comments. The most fundamental reason why the findings obtained as a result of the study are characterized as comments is the emphasis on individuality, which is also particularly expressed in the theory of uses and gratifications.

 The Purpose of the Study: Uses and gratifications theory is a theory that develops within communication research. It reversed the examination of what the media does with the audience, which was on the agenda of previous media effect studies, and started questioning what the audience does with the media. In this study, theory will be used to discover the relationship between the audience and the short film, which can be considered an alternative narrative medium. The aim of the study is to concretize why we watch short films, what kind of satisfaction we get from short films and what kind of relationship we establish through interviews with short film followers. Literature ReviewBackground: The study limits its theoretical framework to the uses and gratifications theory. Although the history of the theory dates back to the 1940s, the person who defined it as a use and satisfaction study is Elihu Katz. The issue of the theory is what Katz wrote in his 1959 article and asked, What do audiences do with the media? is in the question. The concepts of the theory, which is based on the fact that the audience is active, are active audience, satisfaction sought, satisfaction obtained. The concepts in question constitute the conceptual framework of the study, and the relationship of the concepts with the short film genre and its audience reveals the scope of the study. Method: Inspired by the uses and gratifications theory and the basic question of the theory, which is what the audience does with the media and why they prefer the content they prefer, the question of why short film viewers prefer to watch short films will be analyzed using the semi-structured in-depth interview method. The in-depth interview method was preferred because it establishes the relationship between the researcher and the subjects of the research on the basis of social interaction and paves the way for multifaceted communication; since an interview was requested that was expected to be enriched by the comments of the subjects, it was deemed appropriate for the interviews to be semi-structured. The subjects to whom the method will be applied are short film viewers. Results: As a result of the in-depth interviews, it was observed that the reasons for watching short films were generalized as short films being short-term and presenting a more creative narrative. In addition, it was found in the study that the motivation of short film viewers to watch short films arose from the function of surveillance in order to follow developments in the sector and narrative dimension, and that viewers achieved -at the highest rate- cultural satisfaction by watching short films. Conclusion: The view that short films are evaluated as an alternative medium that offers creative narratives in a short time, and the finding that viewers turn to short films especially out of curiosity and to provide cultural satisfaction, obtained as a result of in-depth interviews, are considered as subjective evaluations and individual comments. The most fundamental reason why the findings obtained as a result of the study are characterized as comments is the emphasis on individuality, which is also particularly expressed in the theory of uses and gratifications.

 Giriş ve Çalışmanın Amacı: Kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramı, iletişim araştırmaları içerisinde gelişen bir kuramdır. Kendinden önceki etki araştırmalarının gündeminde yer alan, medyanın izleyiciyle ne yaptığı sorgulamasını tersine çevirerek izleyicinin medya ile ne yaptığı sorgulamasını başlatmıştır. Bu çalışmada, kuramdan, bir anlatı türü olan kısa film ile izleyici arasındaki ilişkiyi bulgulamak için faydalanılacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı, neden kısa film izlediğimizi, kısa filmlerle nasıl bir doyum sağladığımızı ve ne tür bir ilişki kurduğumuzu kısa film takipçileri ile yapılan görüşmelerle somutlaştırmaktır. KavramsalKuramsal Çerçeve: Çalışma kuramsal çerçevesini kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramı ile sınırlandırmaktadır. Kuramın geçmişi 1940lı yıllara dayansa da bir kullanım ve doyum çalışması olarak nitelenmesini sağlayan kişi Elihu Katzdır. Katzın 1959 yılında yazdığı makalesiyle ve sorduğu İzleyiciler medya ile ne yapıyor? sorusuyla kuramın temelleri atılmıştır. İzler kitlenin aktif olduğu düşüncesini temel alan kuramın kavramları, aktif alıcı, aranan doyum, gereksinim ve güdüler, elde edilen doyumdur. Söz konusu kavramlar çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesini oluşturmakta, kavramların kısa film türü ve izleyicisi ile olan ilişkisi çalışmanın kapsamını ortaya koymaktadır. Yöntem: Kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramından ve kuramın temel sorusu olan izleyicinin medya ile ne yaptığı sorusundan esinle, kısa film izleyicilerinin neden kısa film izlemeyi tercih ettikleri sorgulaması, yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak çözümlenecektir. Derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi, araştırmacı ile araştırmaya konu özneler arasındaki ilişkiyi sosyal etkileşim temelinde kurduğu ve çok yönlü bir iletişime zemin hazırladığı için tercih edilmiş; öznelerin yorumlarıyla zenginleşmesi beklenen bir görüşme talep edildiği için görüşmelerin yarı yapılandırılmış olması uygun bulunmuştur. Yöntemin uygulanacağı özneler, kısa film izleyicileridir. Bulgular: Yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerin neticesinde, kısa film izleme nedenlerinin, kısa filmin kısa süreli olması ve daha yaratıcı bir anlatı sunması şeklinde genelleştirildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca çalışmada, kısa film izleyicilerinin, kısa film izleme motivasyonlarının sektörel ve anlatı boyutundaki gelişmeleri takip edebilmek için gözetim altına alma işlevinden doğduğu ve izleyicilerin kısa film izleyerek -en yüksek oranda- kültürel doyum sağladıkları bulgulanmıştır. Sonuç: Derinlemesine görüşmeler neticesinde elde edilen, kısa filmin, kısa sürede yaratıcı anlatılar sunan alternatif bir mecra olarak değerlendirildiği görüşü ve izleyicilerin özellikle merak duygusuyla ve kültürel doyum sağlamak amacıyla kısa filme yöneldikleri bulgusu, öznel değerlendirmeler ve bireysel yorumlar olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde elde edilen bulguların yorum olarak nitelenmesinin en temel sebebi, kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramında da özellikle ifade edilen bireysellik vurgusudur.

Makale detayları

Inspired by Uses and Gratifications Theory: Why Do We Watch Short Films?

Yazarlar:

Eda Türkay

Yayıncı:

İstanbul Gelisim University

Ana Başlıklar:

Radyo-Televizyon

Dergi:

ART/icle: Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 2, pp.126-144

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311326

pISSN:

2718-1057

Short Film

Uses and Gratifications

Viewing Experience

Elihu Katz

Active AudienceKısa Film

Kullanımlar ve Doyumlar

Seyir Deneyimi

Elihu Katz

Aktif İzleyici

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Eda Türkay

Yayıncı: İstanbul Gelisim University

Ana Başlıklar: Radyo-Televizyon

Dergi: ART/icle: Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 2, pp.126-144

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001311326

pISSN: 2718-1057

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Eda Türkay

Yayıncı:

İstanbul Gelisim University

Ana Başlıklar:

Radyo-Televizyon

Dergi:

ART/icle: Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 2, pp.126-144

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001311326

pISSN:

2718-1057