100th Years of The Republic: A New Society, A New Person

Hayati Beşirli

Makale detayları

100th Years of The Republic: A New Society, A New Person

Yazarlar:

Hayati Beşirli

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Değişme | Azgelişmişlik ve Modernleşme Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.270-283

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302722

pISSN:

2147-2610

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 After the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Turkey was established as a new political system. This brought about the reorganization and differentiation of the relations between the new political system, individual-society-state-environment. The new state wanted to create a new society and individual by building new social institutions. The new society is a society that Gökalp refers to as I am from the Turkish nation, I am from the Islamic ummah and I am from the Western civilization. The Turkish political elite that will shape the new Turkish state in the foundation period represents the center. Over time, there have been new participations to these elites from the periphery, that is, from different social strata. The effects created by the new participations are of a quality that does not change the top-down character of the modernization model. The new Turkish state presents an economic, social and political modernization model. This model aims at economic independence and social development. It was believed that the realization of the model would be possible with a secular state understanding. Basic social institutions such as education, politics, religion, family and economy were tried to be reconstructed with a secular character. Many reforms initiated by Atatürk express the steps on the way to reveal this change. The new society will be a society that has achieved integration. The main task in the integration process belongs to realm of culture. Culture is seen as the most important element that unites different segments of society. The individuals forming the new society are also modern individuals with high self-confidence, aware of the balance of rights and duties and internalized democratic values.

 After the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Turkey was established as a new political system. This brought about the reorganization and differentiation of the relations between the new political system, individual-society-state-environment. The new state wanted to create a new society and individual by building new social institutions. The new society is a society that Gökalp refers to as I am from the Turkish nation, I am from the Islamic ummah and I am from the Western civilization. The Turkish political elite that will shape the new Turkish state in the foundation period represents the center. Over time, there have been new participations to these elites from the periphery, that is, from different social strata. The effects created by the new participations are of a quality that does not change the top-down character of the modernization model. The new Turkish state presents an economic, social and political modernization model. This model aims at economic independence and social development. It was believed that the realization of the model would be possible with a secular state understanding. Basic social institutions such as education, politics, religion, family and economy were tried to be reconstructed with a secular character. Many reforms initiated by Atatürk express the steps on the way to reveal this change. The new society will be a society that has achieved integration. The main task in the integration process belongs to realm of culture. Culture is seen as the most important element that unites different segments of society. The individuals forming the new society are also modern individuals with high self-confidence, aware of the balance of rights and duties and internalized democratic values.

 After the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Turkey was established as a new political system. This brought about the reorganization and differentiation of the relations between the new political system, individual-society-state-environment. The new state wanted to create a new society and individual by building new social institutions. The new society is a society that Gökalp refers to as I am from the Turkish nation, I am from the Islamic ummah and I am from the Western civilization. The Turkish political elite that will shape the new Turkish state in the foundation period represents the center. Over time, there have been new participations to these elites from the periphery, that is, from different social strata. The effects created by the new participations are of a quality that does not change the top-down character of the modernization model. The new Turkish state presents an economic, social and political modernization model. This model aims at economic independence and social development. It was believed that the realization of the model would be possible with a secular state understanding. Basic social institutions such as education, politics, religion, family and economy were tried to be reconstructed with a secular character. Many reforms initiated by Atatürk express the steps on the way to reveal this change. The new society will be a society that has achieved integration. The main task in the integration process belongs to realm of culture. Culture is seen as the most important element that unites different segments of society. The individuals forming the new society are also modern individuals with high self-confidence, aware of the balance of rights and duties and internalized democratic values.

 Osmanlı Devleti dağıldıktan sonra, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti yeni bir politik sistem olarak kurulmuştur. Yeni politik sistem, birey-toplum-devlet-çevre arasındaki ilişkilerin yeniden düzenlenmesi ve farklılaşması demektir. Yeni devlet, yeni toplumsal kurumlar inşa ederek yeni bir toplum ve birey ortaya çıkarmak istemiştir. Yeni toplum, Gökalp in Türk milletindenim, İslam ümmetindenim ve Garp medeniyetindenim şeklinde ifade ettiği bir toplumdur. Kuruluş döneminde yeni Türk Devletine şekil verecek Türk siyasal seçkinleri merkezi temsil etmektedir. Bu seçkinlere zamanla çevreden, yani farklı toplumsal katmanlardan yeni katılımlar da olmuştur. Yeni katılımların etkisi, çağdaşlaşma modelinin yukarıdan aşağıya karakterini değiştirmeyen bir niteliktedir. Yeni Türk Devleti ekonomik, sosyal ve politik bir çağdaşlaşma modeli ortaya koymaktadır. Bu model, ekonomik bağımsızlığı ve toplumsal kalkınmayı amaçlayan bir modeldir. Modelin gerçekleşmesinin seküler bir devlet anlayışıyla mümkün olacağına inanılmıştır. Eğitim, siyaset, din, aile ve ekonomi gibi temel toplumsal kurumlar, seküler karakterle yeniden oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Atatürkün başlattığı birçok inkılap bu değişimi sağlama yolundaki adımları ifade eder. Yeni toplum, bütünleşmeyi sağlamış bir toplum olacaktır. Bütünleşme sürecinde de temel görev, kültüre düşmektedir. Kültür, toplumu oluşturan farklı kesimleri birleştiren en önemli unsur olarak görülmektedir. Yeni toplumu oluşturan bireyler de özgüveni yüksek, hak ve ödev dengesinin farkında, demokratik değerleri içselleştirmiş çağdaş bir bireydir.

Makale detayları

100th Years of The Republic: A New Society, A New Person

Yazarlar:

Hayati Beşirli

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Değişme | Azgelişmişlik ve Modernleşme Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.270-283

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302722

pISSN:

2147-2610

100th year

Atatürk

Turkish Republic

modernization

new societyyüzüncü yıl

Atatürk

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

çağdaşlaşma

yeni toplum

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hayati Beşirli

Yayıncı: Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar: Değişme | Azgelişmişlik ve Modernleşme Sosyolojisi

Dergi: Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.270-283

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001302722

pISSN: 2147-2610

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hayati Beşirli

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Değişme | Azgelişmişlik ve Modernleşme Sosyolojisi

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi , pp.270-283

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302722

pISSN:

2147-2610