IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERISATION, AND EVALUATION OF HONEY BEE FLORA IN BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Alayu Tarekegn

Makale detayları

IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERISATION, AND EVALUATION OF HONEY BEE FLORA IN BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Yazarlar:

Alayu Tarekegn

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.19-31

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348896

pISSN:

2687-5594

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study aimed to identify and evaluate the major and minor bee forage sources to recommend seasonal colony management practices. Conducted in the Bambasi, Homosha, and Mao Komo districts of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in western Ethiopia, the research involved a survey of 90 beekeepers using semi-structured questionnaires from three peasant associations per district. Honey and pollen samples were collected from established colonies in each district for melissopalynological analysis. 71 plant species were identified as forage sources for honeybees in the study area. Two primary flowering periods were observed in 2020, 2021, and 2022 G.C., corresponding to the honey harvesting seasons. During the first season, key plants included Pterocarpus lucens, Bidens prestinaria, Glycine species, Guizotia abyssinica, Guizotia scabra, and several Bidens species. From February to May, the main sources of pollen and nectar in the second season were woody plants such as Cordia africana, Syzygium guineense, Turraeanthus africanus, and Terminalia laxiflora. In the first honey flow season, Guizotia scabra and Guizotia abyssinica made up 62.13 of monofloral honey. In the second season, Turraeanthus africanus and Syzygium guineense contributed 48.23. In Benishangul Gumuz, beekeepers report that food scarcity peaks during the rainy season late July to August and the dry season December to January when flowering plants are limited. Providing supplemental food and water and conducting regular inspections is important to support the bee colonies during these times. Additionally, rapid biodiversity loss from deforestation and agricultural expansion reduces available bee forage in the region.

 This study aimed to identify and evaluate the major and minor bee forage sources to recommend seasonal colony management practices. Conducted in the Bambasi, Homosha, and Mao Komo districts of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in western Ethiopia, the research involved a survey of 90 beekeepers using semi-structured questionnaires from three peasant associations per district. Honey and pollen samples were collected from established colonies in each district for melissopalynological analysis. 71 plant species were identified as forage sources for honeybees in the study area. Two primary flowering periods were observed in 2020, 2021, and 2022 G.C., corresponding to the honey harvesting seasons. During the first season, key plants included Pterocarpus lucens, Bidens prestinaria, Glycine species, Guizotia abyssinica, Guizotia scabra, and several Bidens species. From February to May, the main sources of pollen and nectar in the second season were woody plants such as Cordia africana, Syzygium guineense, Turraeanthus africanus, and Terminalia laxiflora. In the first honey flow season, Guizotia scabra and Guizotia abyssinica made up 62.13 of monofloral honey. In the second season, Turraeanthus africanus and Syzygium guineense contributed 48.23. In Benishangul Gumuz, beekeepers report that food scarcity peaks during the rainy season late July to August and the dry season December to January when flowering plants are limited. Providing supplemental food and water and conducting regular inspections is important to support the bee colonies during these times. Additionally, rapid biodiversity loss from deforestation and agricultural expansion reduces available bee forage in the region.

 This study aimed to identify and evaluate the major and minor bee forage sources to recommend seasonal colony management practices. Conducted in the Bambasi, Homosha, and Mao Komo districts of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State in western Ethiopia, the research involved a survey of 90 beekeepers using semi-structured questionnaires from three peasant associations per district. Honey and pollen samples were collected from established colonies in each district for melissopalynological analysis. 71 plant species were identified as forage sources for honeybees in the study area. Two primary flowering periods were observed in 2020, 2021, and 2022 G.C., corresponding to the honey harvesting seasons. During the first season, key plants included Pterocarpus lucens, Bidens prestinaria, Glycine species, Guizotia abyssinica, Guizotia scabra, and several Bidens species. From February to May, the main sources of pollen and nectar in the second season were woody plants such as Cordia africana, Syzygium guineense, Turraeanthus africanus, and Terminalia laxiflora. In the first honey flow season, Guizotia scabra and Guizotia abyssinica made up 62.13 of monofloral honey. In the second season, Turraeanthus africanus and Syzygium guineense contributed 48.23. In Benishangul Gumuz, beekeepers report that food scarcity peaks during the rainy season late July to August and the dry season December to January when flowering plants are limited. Providing supplemental food and water and conducting regular inspections is important to support the bee colonies during these times. Additionally, rapid biodiversity loss from deforestation and agricultural expansion reduces available bee forage in the region.

 Bu çalışma, mevsimsel koloni yönetimi uygulamalarını tavsiye etmek için ana ve küçük arı yem kaynaklarını belirlemeyi ve değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Batı Etiyopyadaki Benishangul Gumuz Bölgesel Eyaletinin Bambasi, Homosha ve Mao Komo ilçelerinde yürütülen araştırma, ilçe başına üç köylü derneğinden yarı yapılandırılmış anketler kullanılarak 90 arıcı ile yapılan bir anketi içermektedir. Melissopalynolojik analiz için her ilçedeki yerleşik kolonilerden bal ve polen örnekleri toplanmıştır. Çalışma alanında 71 bitki türü bal arıları için yem kaynağı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bal hasat mevsimlerine denk gelen 2020, 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında iki ana çiçeklenme dönemi gözlemlenmiştir. İlk sezonda, kilit bitkiler şunları içeriyordu Pterocarpus lucens, Bidens prestinaria, Glycine türleri, Guizotia abyssinica, Guizotia scabra ve birkaç Bidens türü içermektedir. Şubat ayından Mayıs ayına kadar, ikinci sezonda ana polen ve nektar kaynakları Cordia africana, Syzygium guineense, Turraeanthus africanus ve Terminalia laxiflora gibi odunsu bitkilerdir. İlk bal akış sezonunda, Guizotia scabra ve Guizotia abyssinica monofloral balın 62,13ünü oluşturmuştur. İkinci sezonda, Turraeanthus africanus ve Syzygium guineense 48,23 oranında katkı sağlamıştır. Benishangul Gumuzda arıcılar, çiçekli bitkilerin sınırlı olduğu yağmur mevsimi Temmuz sonundan Ağustosa kadar ve kurak mevsimde Aralıktan Ocaka kadar gıda kıtlığının zirve yaptığını bildirmektedir. Bu dönemlerde arı kolonilerini desteklemek için ek gıda ve su sağlamak ve düzenli denetimler yapmak önemlidir. Ayrıca, ormansızlaşma ve tarımsal genişlemeden kaynaklanan hızlı biyoçeşitlilik kaybı, bölgedeki mevcut arı yemini azaltmaktadır.

Makale detayları

IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERISATION, AND EVALUATION OF HONEY BEE FLORA IN BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Yazarlar:

Alayu Tarekegn

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.19-31

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348896

pISSN:

2687-5594

Bee flora

Bee forage

Honey

Guizotia species

MelissopalynologyArı florası

Arı yemleri

Bal

Guizotia türleri

Melissopalynoloji

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Alayu Tarekegn

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi: Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.19-31

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001348896

pISSN: 2687-5594

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Alayu Tarekegn

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Arı ve İpek Böceği Yetiştiriciliği ve Islahı

Dergi:

Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.19-31

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001348896

pISSN:

2687-5594