The First Women Deputies in Türkiye in the Context of Women’s Rights

Sadık Sarısaman

Makale detayları

The First Women Deputies in Türkiye in the Context of Women’s Rights

Yazarlar:

Sadık Sarısaman

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 100. Yılında Cumhuriyet Özel Sayısı, pp.1-14

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303957

pISSN:

1302-1265

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Political rights were incrementally given to women in Türkiye. Respectively, they were given the right to take part in the elections in 1930 for the municipal elections and in 1933 for the neighbourhood election and the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election on 5 December 1934. Türkiye is among the first countries to give women the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election. At that time, even some western countries such as France and Italy did not give women the right to elect and be elected yet. In the elections held in 1935, 17 woman deputies were elected. When one more woman deputy was elected in the mid-term election held in Çankırı in 1936, the number of women deputies increased to 18 during the 5th Term in the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The first women parliamentarians were selected among the women considered to be cultured and to have a high level of moral courage to be a model and a guide. In determining the candidates for women deputies , Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the central management of the Republican Peoples Party were influential. The impact of party organisations in the provinces was limited. Except for the Ankara deputy Satı Çırpan, others were people with a particular educational level. Satı Çırpan could not attend school and learned how to read and write at national schools. The remaining 17 women deputies were secondary school and higher education graduates. The majority of them were teachers, and they knew one or more than one foreign languages. Apart from being Turkish citizens, most of the women deputies had no connection with the election districts from where they were nominated as candidates. They could not show the impact expected from them in the parliament. This case can be explained merely with sociological and psychological reasons. They were undoubtedly under the influence of their conditions of growing up. It has been seen that even though they were in the know, they could not show moral courage in the parliament where men predominated.

 Political rights were incrementally given to women in Türkiye. Respectively, they were given the right to take part in the elections in 1930 for the municipal elections and in 1933 for the neighbourhood election and the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election on 5 December 1934. Türkiye is among the first countries to give women the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election. At that time, even some western countries such as France and Italy did not give women the right to elect and be elected yet. In the elections held in 1935, 17 woman deputies were elected. When one more woman deputy was elected in the mid-term election held in Çankırı in 1936, the number of women deputies increased to 18 during the 5th Term in the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The first women parliamentarians were selected among the women considered to be cultured and to have a high level of moral courage to be a model and a guide. In determining the candidates for women deputies , Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the central management of the Republican Peoples Party were influential. The impact of party organisations in the provinces was limited. Except for the Ankara deputy Satı Çırpan, others were people with a particular educational level. Satı Çırpan could not attend school and learned how to read and write at national schools. The remaining 17 women deputies were secondary school and higher education graduates. The majority of them were teachers, and they knew one or more than one foreign languages. Apart from being Turkish citizens, most of the women deputies had no connection with the election districts from where they were nominated as candidates. They could not show the impact expected from them in the parliament. This case can be explained merely with sociological and psychological reasons. They were undoubtedly under the influence of their conditions of growing up. It has been seen that even though they were in the know, they could not show moral courage in the parliament where men predominated.

 Political rights were incrementally given to women in Türkiye. Respectively, they were given the right to take part in the elections in 1930 for the municipal elections and in 1933 for the neighbourhood election and the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election on 5 December 1934. Türkiye is among the first countries to give women the right to elect and be elected in the parliamentary election. At that time, even some western countries such as France and Italy did not give women the right to elect and be elected yet. In the elections held in 1935, 17 woman deputies were elected. When one more woman deputy was elected in the mid-term election held in Çankırı in 1936, the number of women deputies increased to 18 during the 5th Term in the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The first women parliamentarians were selected among the women considered to be cultured and to have a high level of moral courage to be a model and a guide. In determining the candidates for women deputies , Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the central management of the Republican Peoples Party were influential. The impact of party organisations in the provinces was limited. Except for the Ankara deputy Satı Çırpan, others were people with a particular educational level. Satı Çırpan could not attend school and learned how to read and write at national schools. The remaining 17 women deputies were secondary school and higher education graduates. The majority of them were teachers, and they knew one or more than one foreign languages. Apart from being Turkish citizens, most of the women deputies had no connection with the election districts from where they were nominated as candidates. They could not show the impact expected from them in the parliament. This case can be explained merely with sociological and psychological reasons. They were undoubtedly under the influence of their conditions of growing up. It has been seen that even though they were in the know, they could not show moral courage in the parliament where men predominated.

 Türkiyede kadınlara siyasi haklar aşamalı olarak verilmiştir. Sırasıyla 1930da belediye seçimlerine, 1933de muhtarlık seçimlerine katılma hakkı, 5 Aralık 1934te de milletvekili seçme ve seçilme hakkı verilmiştir. Türkiye, kadınlara milletvekili seçme ve seçilme hakkını veren ilk ülkeler arasında yer almıştır. Bu tarihte henüz Fransa, İtalya gibi bazı batı ülkeleri bile kadınlara seçme ve seçilme hakkı vermemişlerdi. 1935 yılında yapılan seçimlerde 17 kadın milletvekili seçilmiştir. 1936da Çankırıda yapılan ara seçimde bir kadın milletvekili daha seçilince 5. Dönem Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisindeki kadın milletvekili sayısı 18e yükselmiştir. İlk kadın parlamenterler örnek ve rehber olmaları için kültürlü ve medeni cesareti yüksek olduğu düşünülen kadınlardan seçilmişlerdir. Kadın milletvekili adaylarının belirlenmesinde Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ve Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası merkez yönetimi etkili olmuştur. Taşradaki parti teşkilatlarının etkisi sınırlıdır. Ankara milletvekili Satı Çırpan hariç diğerleri belli bir eğitim seviyesi olan kişilerdir. Satı Çırpan okula devam edememiş, millet mekteplerinde okuma yazma öğrenmiştir. Geriye kalan 17 kadın milletvekili orta ve yükseköğretim mezunudur. Çoğunluğunun mesleği öğretmenlik olup bir veya birden fazla yabancı dil biliyordu. Kadın milletvekillerinin çoğunluğunun aday gösterildikleri seçim çevreleri ile Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı olmak dışında her hangi bir bağları yoktu. Mecliste kendilerinden beklenen etkiyi gösterememişlerdir. Bu durum ancak sosyolojik ve psikolojik nedenlerle açıklanabilir. Yetiştikleri şartların etkisinde kaldıkları muhakkaktır. Bilgili olmalarına rağmen erkeklerin çoğunlukta olduğu mecliste medeni cesaret gösterememiş oldukları görülmüştür.

Makale detayları

The First Women Deputies in Türkiye in the Context of Women’s Rights

Yazarlar:

Sadık Sarısaman

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 100. Yılında Cumhuriyet Özel Sayısı, pp.1-14

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303957

pISSN:

1302-1265

Woman

woman’s rights

right to elect and be elected

Turkish Grand National AssemblyKadın

kadın hakları

seçme ve seçilme hakkı

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Sadık Sarısaman

Yayıncı: Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 100. Yılında Cumhuriyet Özel Sayısı, pp.1-14

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001303957

pISSN: 1302-1265

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Sadık Sarısaman

Yayıncı:

Afyon Kocatepe University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 100. Yılında Cumhuriyet Özel Sayısı, pp.1-14

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001303957

pISSN:

1302-1265