THE TERMINATION OF HASHEMITE DOMINATION BY SAUDI CONQUEST OF THE HEDJAZ AND THE ATTITUDE OF BRITAIN ON THIS ISSUE AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Resul Yavuz

Makale detayları

THE TERMINATION OF HASHEMITE DOMINATION BY SAUDI CONQUEST OF THE HEDJAZ AND THE ATTITUDE OF BRITAIN ON THIS ISSUE AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Yazarlar:

Resul Yavuz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 47, pp.601-644

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308181

pISSN:

1300-0756

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The power struggle that started between the Hashemites and the Saudis in the Arabian Peninsula before the First World War resulted in the Saudis taking control of the administration as a result of the political preferences of the British after the war. During the First World War, England led to the emergence of an Arab revolt in the Middle East under the leadership of Sharif Hussein, the leader of the Hashemites to collapse the Ottoman Empire from within. During this revolt, the British were able to achieve unity between the two leaders so that the Saudis supported Sharif Hussein. However, England could not reconcile the two sides on the use of sovereignty in the Hejaz region after the war, despite making great efforts to prevent the conflicts that broke out between Sharif Hussein and Ibn Saud. The British government wanted to consolidate its position in the region by signing some agreements with both the Saudis and the Hashemites in line with its political interests in shaping the Middle East after the war. However, Sharif Hussein would not come to an agreement with the British Government on the grounds that the promises made by the British during the war were not kept despite these efforts of England. Despite the intense diplomatic struggle of the British until 1924 for a treaty with Sharif Hussein, an agreement was signed. Thereupon, the British government would support the Saudis, which they pressured into not seizing the Hejaz region until 1924, to end the rule of Sharif Hussein by changing its political preferences. This was a situation that the leader of the Saudis, Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, had been waiting for years. With the British government declaring that it would at least remain neutral in 1924, the Saudis would seize the Hejaz region and permanently end Hashemite rule in the region.

 The power struggle that started between the Hashemites and the Saudis in the Arabian Peninsula before the First World War resulted in the Saudis taking control of the administration as a result of the political preferences of the British after the war. During the First World War, England led to the emergence of an Arab revolt in the Middle East under the leadership of Sharif Hussein, the leader of the Hashemites to collapse the Ottoman Empire from within. During this revolt, the British were able to achieve unity between the two leaders so that the Saudis supported Sharif Hussein. However, England could not reconcile the two sides on the use of sovereignty in the Hejaz region after the war, despite making great efforts to prevent the conflicts that broke out between Sharif Hussein and Ibn Saud. The British government wanted to consolidate its position in the region by signing some agreements with both the Saudis and the Hashemites in line with its political interests in shaping the Middle East after the war. However, Sharif Hussein would not come to an agreement with the British Government on the grounds that the promises made by the British during the war were not kept despite these efforts of England. Despite the intense diplomatic struggle of the British until 1924 for a treaty with Sharif Hussein, an agreement was signed. Thereupon, the British government would support the Saudis, which they pressured into not seizing the Hejaz region until 1924, to end the rule of Sharif Hussein by changing its political preferences. This was a situation that the leader of the Saudis, Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, had been waiting for years. With the British government declaring that it would at least remain neutral in 1924, the Saudis would seize the Hejaz region and permanently end Hashemite rule in the region.

 The power struggle that started between the Hashemites and the Saudis in the Arabian Peninsula before the First World War resulted in the Saudis taking control of the administration as a result of the political preferences of the British after the war. During the First World War, England led to the emergence of an Arab revolt in the Middle East under the leadership of Sharif Hussein, the leader of the Hashemites to collapse the Ottoman Empire from within. During this revolt, the British were able to achieve unity between the two leaders so that the Saudis supported Sharif Hussein. However, England could not reconcile the two sides on the use of sovereignty in the Hejaz region after the war, despite making great efforts to prevent the conflicts that broke out between Sharif Hussein and Ibn Saud. The British government wanted to consolidate its position in the region by signing some agreements with both the Saudis and the Hashemites in line with its political interests in shaping the Middle East after the war. However, Sharif Hussein would not come to an agreement with the British Government on the grounds that the promises made by the British during the war were not kept despite these efforts of England. Despite the intense diplomatic struggle of the British until 1924 for a treaty with Sharif Hussein, an agreement was signed. Thereupon, the British government would support the Saudis, which they pressured into not seizing the Hejaz region until 1924, to end the rule of Sharif Hussein by changing its political preferences. This was a situation that the leader of the Saudis, Abdulaziz Ibn Saud, had been waiting for years. With the British government declaring that it would at least remain neutral in 1924, the Saudis would seize the Hejaz region and permanently end Hashemite rule in the region.

 Birinci Dünya Savaşı öncesinde Arap Yarımadasında Haşimiler ile Suudiler arasında başlayan güç mücadelesi, savaştan sonra İngilterenin politik tercihleri neticesinde Suudilerin yönetimi bütünüyle ele geçirmesi ile sonuçlanmıştı. İngiltere, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Osmanlı Devletini içerden çökertmek amacıyla Haşimilerin lideri Şerif Hüseyin önderliğinde bir Arap isyanının Ortadoğu coğrafyasında ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştı. Bu isyan sırasında İngilizler, Suudilerin Şerif Hüseyine destek vermesi için iki lider arasında zor da olsa birliği sağlamayı başarabilmişti. Ancak savaştan sonra İngiltere, Şerif Hüseyin ve İbn Suud arasında başlayan çatışmaları önlemek için yoğun çaba sarf etmesine rağmen iki tarafı Hicazda egemenliğin kullanılması noktasında uzlaştıramayacaktı. İngiliz hükümeti, savaştan sonra Ortadoğunun şekillenmesinde politik çıkarları doğrultusunda hem Suudilerle hem de Haşimilerle birtakım antlaşmalar imzalayarak bölgede pozisyonunu sağlamlaştırmak istemişti. Ancak İngilterenin bu çabalarına karşı Şerif Hüseyin savaş sırasında İngilizlerin verdiği sözlerin tutulmamasını gerekçe göstererek İngiliz Hükümeti ile anlaşmaya yanaşmayacaktı. İngilizler, 1924 yılına kadar Şerif Hüseyin ile bir antlaşma yapılması için yoğun diplomatik mücadele vermelerine rağmen bu anlaşma imzalanamayacaktı. Bunun üzerine, İngiliz hükümeti, politik tercihlerini değiştirerek 1924 yılına kadar Hicazı ele geçirmemesi için baskıladığı Suudilerin Şerif Hüseyinin yönetimine son vermesine yeşil ışık yakacaktı. Bu, Suudilerin lideri Abdülaziz İbn Suudun yıllardır beklediği bir durumdu. 1924 yılında İngiliz hükümetinin en azından tarafsız kalacağını ilan etmesi ile Suudiler, Hicazı ele geçirerek bölgede Haşimilerin yönetimine kalıcı olarak son vereceklerdi.

Makale detayları

THE TERMINATION OF HASHEMITE DOMINATION BY SAUDI CONQUEST OF THE HEDJAZ AND THE ATTITUDE OF BRITAIN ON THIS ISSUE AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Yazarlar:

Resul Yavuz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 47, pp.601-644

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308181

pISSN:

1300-0756

Hejaz

Ibn Saud

Sharif Hussein

Arabian PeninsulaSUUD

ARAP YARIMDASI

ŞERİF HÜSEYİN

hicaz

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Resul Yavuz

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi: Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 47, pp.601-644

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001308181

pISSN: 1300-0756

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Resul Yavuz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi | Atatürk İlkeleri İnkılap Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.23 Issue 47, pp.601-644

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308181

pISSN:

1300-0756