A COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE COMPANIES TO STAKEHOLDERS IN TURKISH AND ENGLISH LAW

Hüsnü Turanlı; Fatma Esenyel Hanaz

Makale detayları

A COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE COMPANIES TO STAKEHOLDERS IN TURKISH AND ENGLISH LAW

Yazarlar:

Hüsnü Turanlı | Fatma Esenyel Hanaz

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.73-92

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294721

pISSN:

2149-4576

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The concept of stakeholder is a comprehensive term which necessitates the board of directors to take into consideration the interests of the parties, in direct or indirect relationship with the company, within this context suppliers, customers, employees and creditors who are in direct connection, and in an indirect perspective the interests of the local authorities and people by means of social responsibility projects through observing the local rules and environmental factors. In Turkish company law, when the duties and powers of the board of directors are studied, it is seen that various duties are levied upon the directors regarding the management and representation of the company. Within this context the interests of the, employees and creditors are observed to a certain extent in Turkish Commercial Code. However, the duties of directors to other parties which are in an indirect relationship with the companies are not duly regulated. In English Law, together with the regulations adopted under the Companies Act 2006 and particularly with section 172, while the interests of shareholders and company are observed primarily, the interests of the other parties abovementioned are also taken into consideration as part of the duties of the directors. This topic is especially of a vital importance for the companies which inspire to make investments in foreign countries. The doctrine of foreign direct investment requires the observation of the interests of the parties in direct or indirect relation with the company. While the main purpose of the companies is to carry on economic business prime facie and to get profit, it is also deemed important to gain an area in hosting country, besides the economic relations with the country invested in to establish a sociological interaction, through the protection of environment, compliance to local law, the development of relations with local people and blooming corporate social responsibility. The achievement of an area in hosting country denotes to deeper penetration to foreign country, social acknowledgment and amicable relationships with that country. In this study, the nexus of companies not only with company law rules but also with other branches of law such as international investment law, business law, sociology and humanitarian law. The mutual interaction of the company which has an area in host country with third parties has an ever-increasing importance in todays World where the boundaries represent a matter of agreement for the defence of territorial rights and where those boundaries have been lifted by bilateral or multilateral agreements in trade issues. On the other hand, the adoption of many international standards by Turkish companies is an undeniable reality. There are numerous Turkish companies known to have been performing voluntary social responsibility projects, within this context they contribute to projects pertaining to the education of local people, development of regional infrastructure. We believe that the abovementioned issues need to have a legal basis and be improved in Turkish law. The ultimate purpose of this study is to enlighten a path in order to broaden the company law beyond its conventional fields and to make it interact with other fields.

 The concept of stakeholder is a comprehensive term which necessitates the board of directors to take into consideration the interests of the parties, in direct or indirect relationship with the company, within this context suppliers, customers, employees and creditors who are in direct connection, and in an indirect perspective the interests of the local authorities and people by means of social responsibility projects through observing the local rules and environmental factors. In Turkish company law, when the duties and powers of the board of directors are studied, it is seen that various duties are levied upon the directors regarding the management and representation of the company. Within this context the interests of the, employees and creditors are observed to a certain extent in Turkish Commercial Code. However, the duties of directors to other parties which are in an indirect relationship with the companies are not duly regulated. In English Law, together with the regulations adopted under the Companies Act 2006 and particularly with section 172, while the interests of shareholders and company are observed primarily, the interests of the other parties abovementioned are also taken into consideration as part of the duties of the directors. This topic is especially of a vital importance for the companies which inspire to make investments in foreign countries. The doctrine of foreign direct investment requires the observation of the interests of the parties in direct or indirect relation with the company. While the main purpose of the companies is to carry on economic business prime facie and to get profit, it is also deemed important to gain an area in hosting country, besides the economic relations with the country invested in to establish a sociological interaction, through the protection of environment, compliance to local law, the development of relations with local people and blooming corporate social responsibility. The achievement of an area in hosting country denotes to deeper penetration to foreign country, social acknowledgment and amicable relationships with that country. In this study, the nexus of companies not only with company law rules but also with other branches of law such as international investment law, business law, sociology and humanitarian law. The mutual interaction of the company which has an area in host country with third parties has an ever-increasing importance in todays World where the boundaries represent a matter of agreement for the defence of territorial rights and where those boundaries have been lifted by bilateral or multilateral agreements in trade issues. On the other hand, the adoption of many international standards by Turkish companies is an undeniable reality. There are numerous Turkish companies known to have been performing voluntary social responsibility projects, within this context they contribute to projects pertaining to the education of local people, development of regional infrastructure. We believe that the abovementioned issues need to have a legal basis and be improved in Turkish law. The ultimate purpose of this study is to enlighten a path in order to broaden the company law beyond its conventional fields and to make it interact with other fields.

 The concept of stakeholder is a comprehensive term which necessitates the board of directors to take into consideration the interests of the parties, in direct or indirect relationship with the company, within this context suppliers, customers, employees and creditors who are in direct connection, and in an indirect perspective the interests of the local authorities and people by means of social responsibility projects through observing the local rules and environmental factors. In Turkish company law, when the duties and powers of the board of directors are studied, it is seen that various duties are levied upon the directors regarding the management and representation of the company. Within this context the interests of the, employees and creditors are observed to a certain extent in Turkish Commercial Code. However, the duties of directors to other parties which are in an indirect relationship with the companies are not duly regulated. In English Law, together with the regulations adopted under the Companies Act 2006 and particularly with section 172, while the interests of shareholders and company are observed primarily, the interests of the other parties abovementioned are also taken into consideration as part of the duties of the directors. This topic is especially of a vital importance for the companies which inspire to make investments in foreign countries. The doctrine of foreign direct investment requires the observation of the interests of the parties in direct or indirect relation with the company. While the main purpose of the companies is to carry on economic business prime facie and to get profit, it is also deemed important to gain an area in hosting country, besides the economic relations with the country invested in to establish a sociological interaction, through the protection of environment, compliance to local law, the development of relations with local people and blooming corporate social responsibility. The achievement of an area in hosting country denotes to deeper penetration to foreign country, social acknowledgment and amicable relationships with that country. In this study, the nexus of companies not only with company law rules but also with other branches of law such as international investment law, business law, sociology and humanitarian law. The mutual interaction of the company which has an area in host country with third parties has an ever-increasing importance in todays World where the boundaries represent a matter of agreement for the defence of territorial rights and where those boundaries have been lifted by bilateral or multilateral agreements in trade issues. On the other hand, the adoption of many international standards by Turkish companies is an undeniable reality. There are numerous Turkish companies known to have been performing voluntary social responsibility projects, within this context they contribute to projects pertaining to the education of local people, development of regional infrastructure. We believe that the abovementioned issues need to have a legal basis and be improved in Turkish law. The ultimate purpose of this study is to enlighten a path in order to broaden the company law beyond its conventional fields and to make it interact with other fields.

 Paydaş Stakeholder kavramı şirketler hukuku bağlamında, bir anonim şirketin yönetim kurulu tarafından, paysahipleri dışında, şirket ile doğrudan veya dolaylı bağlantı içinde olan kesimlerin, bu çerçevede şirket ile doğrudan bağlantılı olan tedarikçilerin, müşterilerin, şirket çalışanlarının ve alacaklıların menfaatleri ile dolaylı perspektifte yerel hukuk kuralları ve çevresel etkenler dikkate alınarak mahalli otoritelerin ve halkın menfaatlerinin sosyal sorumluluk projeleri aracılığıyla gözetilmesini gerektiren kapsamlı bir kavramdır. Türk şirketler hukukunda yönetim kurulunun görev ve yetkilerine bakıldığında, daha ziyade şirketin yönetimi ve temsili konusunda çeşitli yükümlülüklerin öngörülmüş olduğu, yönetim kurulunun sorumlulukları kapsamında TTKda bir ölçüde şirket çalışanlarının ve alacaklıların menfaatleri dikkate alınmakla birlikte, aynı kapsamda şirketle dolaylı ilişki içinde olan kesimlere karşı yönetim kurulunun sorumluluğu üzerinde yeterince durulmadığı görülmektedir. İngiliz şirketler hukukunda ise en son Şirketler Kanunu Companies Act 2006 ile getirilen düzenlemelerde ve bilhassa m.172 ile başta paysahiplerinin ve şirketin menfaatleri yönetim kurulunun sorumlulukları kapsamında değerlendirilmekle birlikte, yukarıda sayılan kesimlerin de menfaatlerinin göz önünde bulundurulması da yönetim kurulunun sorumlulukları kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Bu konu özellikle yabancı ülkelerde yatırım yapmayı hedefleyen şirketler bakımından ayrı bir önem arz etmektedir. Doğrudan yabancı yatırım Foreign Direct Investment doktrini de şirket ile doğrudan veya dolaylı bağlantı içinde olan kesimlerin menfaatlerinin göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğini öngörmektedir. Şirketlerin temel amacı prima facie ekonomik alanda faaliyet yürütmek ve kar elde etmek olmakla birlikte, bir şirketin yatırım yaptığı ülkede alan sahibi olması, bulunduğu ülke ile ekonomik ilişkilerin yanında çevrenin korunması, yerel hukuk ile uyum içinde olmak, yerel halkla ilişkilerin geliştirilmesi, kurumsal sosyal sorumluluğun corporate social responsibility geliştirilmesi gibi sosyolojik etkileşim içinde de olması önem arz etmektedir. Şirketin yatırım yapılan ülkede alan sahibi olması, yabancı devlet üzerindeki nüfuzuna, toplumsal kabullenişine ve bulunduğu ülke ile dostane ilişkiler kurmasına işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, şirketlerin salt şirketler hukuku kuralları ile değil, günümüzde bu kurallar kadar önem taşıdığı düşünülen diğer hukuk dalları, bu bağlamda uluslararası yatırım hukuku, işletme hukuku, sosyoloji ve insancıl hukuk ile bağı üzerinde de durulmuştur. Yatırım yaptığı ülkede alan sahibi olan şirketin, ilgili üçüncü kişilerle karşılıklı etkileşimi, sınırların sadece devletlerin ülkesel haklarını savunmak için belirledikleri bir mutabakat unsuru olduğu, uluslararası ticaret alanında ise gerek ikili bilateral gerekse çok taraflı multilateral anlaşmalarla sınırların kaldırıldığı günümüzde artan bir öneme haizdir. Diğer yandan Türk şirketlerinin, birçok uluslararası standardı benimsediği de gözden kaçmamaktadır. Birçok Türk firmasının gönüllü sosyal sorumluluk projeleri yürüttüğü, çevre halkının eğitimi, bölgesel altyapının geliştirilmesi vb. projelere katkıda bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Türk hukuku bakımından, belirtilen konular hakkında hukuki altyapısının sağlanması ve geliştirilmesi gerektiği kanaatindeyiz. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, şirketler hukukunun konvansiyonel alanlarının dışına çıkıp başka alanlarla olan etkileşimine ışık tutabilmektir.

Makale detayları

A COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE COMPANIES TO STAKEHOLDERS IN TURKISH AND ENGLISH LAW

Yazarlar:

Hüsnü Turanlı | Fatma Esenyel Hanaz

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.73-92

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294721

pISSN:

2149-4576

company

social responsibility

stakeholder

law and milti-disciplinary interaction.şirket

sosyal sorumluluk

paydaş

hukuk ve çoklu disipliner etkileşim

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hüsnü Turanlı | Fatma Esenyel Hanaz

Yayıncı: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar: Hukuk

Dergi: Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.73-92

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001294721

pISSN: 2149-4576

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hüsnü Turanlı | Fatma Esenyel Hanaz

Yayıncı:

Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hukuk

Dergi:

Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi Vol.9 Issue 1, pp.73-92

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001294721

pISSN:

2149-4576