The Woman Hadith Scholar Granting Sahih al-Bukhari’s Permission: Sitt al-Wuzara’ bint Omar

Talat Sakallı; Fatma Bulut

Makale detayları

The Woman Hadith Scholar Granting Sahih al-Bukhari’s Permission: Sitt al-Wuzara’ bint Omar

Yazarlar:

Talat Sakallı | Fatma Bulut

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 51, pp.36-58

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308129

pISSN:

2602-2346

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Mamelukes period was a time of significant advancements in Hadith studies, as in other Islamic studies. One of the notable features of this period was the active involvement of women in scholarly life. Women made significant contributions to their fields, by improving themselves, especially in Hadith studies. In particular, women transmitters of Hadith belonging to the scholarly families, began seeking knowledge at an early age, encouraged by their parents. They were taken to the assemblies of prominent hadith scholars and obtained the ijazâh of various personal hadith collections. Women, who generally had longer lifespans than men in their time, were in demand for narrating Hadith due to their high isnâds in their later years. They not only taught women but also narrated Hadith to the famous scholars of their era. One such female transmitter of Hadith who lived in the eighth century AH and made significant contributions to the field was Sitt al-Wuzara bint Omar. She grew up in a scholarly neighborhood in the Tenûhî family, one of the prominent families of Dimashq, and received her early education from her father, named Omar b. Esad b. al-Munajja. Sitt al-Wuzara, who began seeking knowledge at a young age, had only one known teacher after her father: Hussein b. Mubarak ez-Zabidi. What set Sitt al-Wuzara apart from other women transmitters of Hadith is that she was the last person in her time with a high isnâd to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari, which she received her ijazâh from Husayn b. Mubarak al-Zabidi at a young age and she was the woman scholar of hadith who narrated Sahih al-Bukhari the most in the eighth century of Hijr. Because of this characteristic, students from all over the world traveled to listen to Hadith from Sitt al-Wuzara. Sitt al-Wuzara became one of the narrators with the highest number of students in the eighth century Hijra due to her tireless narration of hadith to students from places where she had lived, as well as students from other regions. Another important feature of Sitt al-Wuzara is that she was the first and only woman scholar of Hadith invited to Egypt by statesmen of the era to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari. Sitt al-Wuzara narrated Sahih al-Bukhari many times in Egypt in 7151315. Numerous statesmen and a large number of scholars attended the lectures she gave. She was called musnidat al-waqt because he was the last surviving person with a high isnâd, and ruhlet al-zamaniha because he was approached from all sides to obtain an ijazâh. Known as a person of good morals, ascetic, pious, virtuous, and charitable, Sitt al-Wuzara has been inscribed in the books of history and tabaqat for her efforts and services in narrating Sahih al-Bukhari. Zehebi and his son Abu Hurayra, al-Alai, Ibn Rafi, al-Wadiashi, and other famous hadith scholars of the period received ijazâh from Sitt al-Wuzara and narrated hadith. Of course, there were many other women scholars of hadith who contributed to the transmission of important books of hadith to the next generation.

 The Mamelukes period was a time of significant advancements in Hadith studies, as in other Islamic studies. One of the notable features of this period was the active involvement of women in scholarly life. Women made significant contributions to their fields, by improving themselves, especially in Hadith studies. In particular, women transmitters of Hadith belonging to the scholarly families, began seeking knowledge at an early age, encouraged by their parents. They were taken to the assemblies of prominent hadith scholars and obtained the ijazâh of various personal hadith collections. Women, who generally had longer lifespans than men in their time, were in demand for narrating Hadith due to their high isnâds in their later years. They not only taught women but also narrated Hadith to the famous scholars of their era. One such female transmitter of Hadith who lived in the eighth century AH and made significant contributions to the field was Sitt al-Wuzara bint Omar. She grew up in a scholarly neighborhood in the Tenûhî family, one of the prominent families of Dimashq, and received her early education from her father, named Omar b. Esad b. al-Munajja. Sitt al-Wuzara, who began seeking knowledge at a young age, had only one known teacher after her father: Hussein b. Mubarak ez-Zabidi. What set Sitt al-Wuzara apart from other women transmitters of Hadith is that she was the last person in her time with a high isnâd to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari, which she received her ijazâh from Husayn b. Mubarak al-Zabidi at a young age and she was the woman scholar of hadith who narrated Sahih al-Bukhari the most in the eighth century of Hijr. Because of this characteristic, students from all over the world traveled to listen to Hadith from Sitt al-Wuzara. Sitt al-Wuzara became one of the narrators with the highest number of students in the eighth century Hijra due to her tireless narration of hadith to students from places where she had lived, as well as students from other regions. Another important feature of Sitt al-Wuzara is that she was the first and only woman scholar of Hadith invited to Egypt by statesmen of the era to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari. Sitt al-Wuzara narrated Sahih al-Bukhari many times in Egypt in 7151315. Numerous statesmen and a large number of scholars attended the lectures she gave. She was called musnidat al-waqt because he was the last surviving person with a high isnâd, and ruhlet al-zamaniha because he was approached from all sides to obtain an ijazâh. Known as a person of good morals, ascetic, pious, virtuous, and charitable, Sitt al-Wuzara has been inscribed in the books of history and tabaqat for her efforts and services in narrating Sahih al-Bukhari. Zehebi and his son Abu Hurayra, al-Alai, Ibn Rafi, al-Wadiashi, and other famous hadith scholars of the period received ijazâh from Sitt al-Wuzara and narrated hadith. Of course, there were many other women scholars of hadith who contributed to the transmission of important books of hadith to the next generation.

 The Mamelukes period was a time of significant advancements in Hadith studies, as in other Islamic studies. One of the notable features of this period was the active involvement of women in scholarly life. Women made significant contributions to their fields, by improving themselves, especially in Hadith studies. In particular, women transmitters of Hadith belonging to the scholarly families, began seeking knowledge at an early age, encouraged by their parents. They were taken to the assemblies of prominent hadith scholars and obtained the ijazâh of various personal hadith collections. Women, who generally had longer lifespans than men in their time, were in demand for narrating Hadith due to their high isnâds in their later years. They not only taught women but also narrated Hadith to the famous scholars of their era. One such female transmitter of Hadith who lived in the eighth century AH and made significant contributions to the field was Sitt al-Wuzara bint Omar. She grew up in a scholarly neighborhood in the Tenûhî family, one of the prominent families of Dimashq, and received her early education from her father, named Omar b. Esad b. al-Munajja. Sitt al-Wuzara, who began seeking knowledge at a young age, had only one known teacher after her father: Hussein b. Mubarak ez-Zabidi. What set Sitt al-Wuzara apart from other women transmitters of Hadith is that she was the last person in her time with a high isnâd to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari, which she received her ijazâh from Husayn b. Mubarak al-Zabidi at a young age and she was the woman scholar of hadith who narrated Sahih al-Bukhari the most in the eighth century of Hijr. Because of this characteristic, students from all over the world traveled to listen to Hadith from Sitt al-Wuzara. Sitt al-Wuzara became one of the narrators with the highest number of students in the eighth century Hijra due to her tireless narration of hadith to students from places where she had lived, as well as students from other regions. Another important feature of Sitt al-Wuzara is that she was the first and only woman scholar of Hadith invited to Egypt by statesmen of the era to narrate Sahih al-Bukhari. Sitt al-Wuzara narrated Sahih al-Bukhari many times in Egypt in 7151315. Numerous statesmen and a large number of scholars attended the lectures she gave. She was called musnidat al-waqt because he was the last surviving person with a high isnâd, and ruhlet al-zamaniha because he was approached from all sides to obtain an ijazâh. Known as a person of good morals, ascetic, pious, virtuous, and charitable, Sitt al-Wuzara has been inscribed in the books of history and tabaqat for her efforts and services in narrating Sahih al-Bukhari. Zehebi and his son Abu Hurayra, al-Alai, Ibn Rafi, al-Wadiashi, and other famous hadith scholars of the period received ijazâh from Sitt al-Wuzara and narrated hadith. Of course, there were many other women scholars of hadith who contributed to the transmission of important books of hadith to the next generation.

 Memlükler Dönemi diğer İslâmî ilimlerde olduğu gibi, hadis ilminde de ciddi gelişmelerin yaşandığı bir dönemdir. Bu dönemin dikkat çeken özelliklerinden birisi, kadınların ilmî hayatta aktif olarak rol oynamalarıdır. Söz konusu dönemde kadınlar hadis ilmi başta olmak üzere çeşitli ilimlerde kendilerini geliştirerek alanlarına önemli katkılarda bulunmuşlardır. Genellikle ulemâ ailelerine sahip olan kadın muhaddisler, küçük yaşta ailelerinin desteğiyle ilim tahsiline başlamış, önemli hadis alimlerinin meclislerine götürülerek çeşitli hadis cüzlerinin icazetine sahip olmuşlardır. Dönemlerinde erkeklere nispeten daha uzun ömürlü olan kadınlar, ilerleyen yaşlarında âlî isnada sahip olmalarıyla alimler tarafından hadis rivayeti konusunda rağbet görmüşlerdir. Sadece kadınlara ders vermekle kalmayıp, dönemlerinin pek çok meşhur alimlerine de hadis rivayetinde bulunmuşlardır. Hicrî sekizinci asırda yaşayan ve hadis alanında önemli hizmetlerde bulunan muhaddis hanımlardan birisi de Sittül-Vüzerâ bint Ömerdir. Dımaşkın münevver ailelerinden biri olan Tenûhî ailesinde yetişen Sittül-Vüzerâ, ilmî bir muhitte büyüdüğünden ilk eğitimini babası Ömer b. Esad b. el-Müneccâdan almıştır. Küçük yaşta ilim tahsiline başlayan Sittül-Vüzerânın babasından sonra bilinen tek hocası Ebû Abdullah Hüseyin b. Mübârek ez-Zebîdî olmuştur. Son nefesine kadar hadis rivayetiyle meşgul olan Sittül-Vüzerâyı döneminin diğer kadın muhaddislerinden ayıran özelliği, onun Mübarek ez-Zebîdîden küçük yaşta aldığı Sahîh-i Buhârîyi âlî isnadla rivayet eden son kişi kalması ve hicrî sekizinci asırda Sahîh-i Buhârîyi en çok rivayet eden kadın muhaddis olmasıdır. Bu özelliği ile dünyanın dört bir yanından öğrenciler, Sittül-Vüzerâdan hadis dinlemek için rıhleler düzenlemişlerdir. Hem yaşadığı bölgeden gelen öğrencilere hem de diğer bölgelerden gelenlere hiç bıkmadan hadis rivayet ederek hicrî sekizinci asrın en çok öğrencisine sahip muhaddisleri arasına girmiştir. Sittül-Vüzerânın bir diğer dikkat çeken özelliği ise onun Sahîh-i Buhârîyi rivayet etmesi için dönemin devlet büyükleri tarafından Mısıra davet edilen ilk ve tek kadın muhaddis olmasıdır. Sittül-Vüzerâ 7151315 yılında gittiği Mısırda defalarca Sahîh-i Buhârîyi rivayet etmiştir. Mısırda verdiği derslere dönemin bazı devlet ricâli ve çok sayıda Mısır uleması iştirak etmiştir. Hadisleri senetleriyle rivayet etmedeki maharetinden dolayı müsnidetül-vakt, kendisinden ders almak için dünyanın dört bir yanından alimlerin kendisine müracaat etmesinden dolayı ruhletü zemânihâ olarak anılmıştır. Güzel ahlaklı, zâhide, dindar, fazilet ve hayır sahibi olarak bilinen Sittül-Vüzerâ, Sahîh-i Buhârînin rivayetinde göstermiş olduğu gayret ve hizmetlerinden dolayı dönemin tarih ve tabakât kitaplarına ismini yazdırmıştır. Zehebî ve oğlu Ebû Hureyre, el-Alâî, İbn Râfi, el-Vâdîâşî gibi dönemin hadis alimleri Sittül-Vüzerâdan ders almış ve rivayette bulunmuşlardır. Sittül-Vüzerâ gibi bu dönemde yaşamış ve önemli hadis kitaplarının sonraki nesillere intikal etmesi için büyük gayretler göstermiş olan pek çok kadın muhaddis bulunmaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Woman Hadith Scholar Granting Sahih al-Bukhari’s Permission: Sitt al-Wuzara’ bint Omar

Yazarlar:

Talat Sakallı | Fatma Bulut

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 51, pp.36-58

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308129

pISSN:

2602-2346

Mamelukes

Woman scholar of hadith

Sitt al-Wuzara’

Sahih al-Bukhari

ijazâh (permission)Memlükler

kadın muhaddis

Sittü’l-Vüzerâ

Sahîh-i Buhârî

icazet

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Talat Sakallı | Fatma Bulut

Yayıncı: Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar: Hadis

Dergi: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 51, pp.36-58

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001308129

pISSN: 2602-2346

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Talat Sakallı | Fatma Bulut

Yayıncı:

Süleyman Demirel University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hadis

Dergi:

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Issue 51, pp.36-58

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001308129

pISSN:

2602-2346