Types and Personalities in “Tuhfetü'l-Uşşâk” of Poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî

Erdoğan Uludağ; Ruhi Kara

Makale detayları

Types and Personalities in “Tuhfetü'l-Uşşâk” of Poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî

Yazarlar:

Erdoğan Uludağ | Ruhi Kara

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı | Edebi Çalışmalar (Diğer) | Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 78, pp.296-314

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298623

pISSN:

2822-2725

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 With its distinctive sources, unique style, form, and content, Old Turkish literature is the outcome of a literary tradition grounded on theological, historical, mythical, and folkloric roots, which spanned for about six centuries. To comprehend such deep-rooted literature and to grasp the profundity of meaning it conveys, it is essential to apprehend which sources it uses. Numerous aspects, especially religion and culture, which are among the most significant social values, are the ancestors of our literature. Types and personalities considered among these sources embody a critical portion of the cultural treasure poets have generated for the society they belong to from the past to their era of existence. Type and personality as the primary themes are the focal points of all the action and construction in our literature regarding a literary composition. Therefore, it is essential to identify precisely these types and personalities to comprehend a literary text in its entirety. Poets convey their views and feelings to readers by embodying types and personalities in their work. Divan poetry remarks the types such as lover, beloved, rival, Mecnûn, Leyla, sâki, and dervish that symbolize specific behaviors and manifest themselves in ordinary social interactions. The personalities classified as religious, historical, literary, artisan, mystic, and scholar, on the other hand, are shaped by peoples self-views, reflections, and styles, and thus they display erratic behaviors instead of stereotypical conduct. Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî, who lived in the 19th century and was recognized widely by his immediate circle, was one of the illiterate divan-khanqah poets using pseudonyms Nome de guerre such as Şems-i Hayâl Hayâl-i Şems, Hayalî Şems-i Nakşî in his poems. He gained a reputation as Chickpea Father since he earned his living by selling roasted chickpeas. As a Sufi poet, Şems-i Hayâlîs poems comprise full of enthusiasm since they possess spiritual and mystical references posing mystical themes. His Divan, Tuhfetül-uşşâk, is his exclusively known piece of work. He utilized arûz prosody wezni and syllabic meter in his poems. This divan is a unique work conveying the respect, love, and dedication of a disciplined adherent who merely overloves his sheik and is very devoted to him, with a lovely and plain expression. In his poems, Şems-i Hayâlî embodied mysticism, portraying many Sufism-related types and personalities. He called attention to Hayyat Vehbî Tailor Father, to whom he wholeheartedly devoted himself, as a personality cited in all his poems. Therefore, this study focused on identifying and assessing the types and personalities in the poems of the poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî.

 With its distinctive sources, unique style, form, and content, Old Turkish literature is the outcome of a literary tradition grounded on theological, historical, mythical, and folkloric roots, which spanned for about six centuries. To comprehend such deep-rooted literature and to grasp the profundity of meaning it conveys, it is essential to apprehend which sources it uses. Numerous aspects, especially religion and culture, which are among the most significant social values, are the ancestors of our literature. Types and personalities considered among these sources embody a critical portion of the cultural treasure poets have generated for the society they belong to from the past to their era of existence. Type and personality as the primary themes are the focal points of all the action and construction in our literature regarding a literary composition. Therefore, it is essential to identify precisely these types and personalities to comprehend a literary text in its entirety. Poets convey their views and feelings to readers by embodying types and personalities in their work. Divan poetry remarks the types such as lover, beloved, rival, Mecnûn, Leyla, sâki, and dervish that symbolize specific behaviors and manifest themselves in ordinary social interactions. The personalities classified as religious, historical, literary, artisan, mystic, and scholar, on the other hand, are shaped by peoples self-views, reflections, and styles, and thus they display erratic behaviors instead of stereotypical conduct. Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî, who lived in the 19th century and was recognized widely by his immediate circle, was one of the illiterate divan-khanqah poets using pseudonyms Nome de guerre such as Şems-i Hayâl Hayâl-i Şems, Hayalî Şems-i Nakşî in his poems. He gained a reputation as Chickpea Father since he earned his living by selling roasted chickpeas. As a Sufi poet, Şems-i Hayâlîs poems comprise full of enthusiasm since they possess spiritual and mystical references posing mystical themes. His Divan, Tuhfetül-uşşâk, is his exclusively known piece of work. He utilized arûz prosody wezni and syllabic meter in his poems. This divan is a unique work conveying the respect, love, and dedication of a disciplined adherent who merely overloves his sheik and is very devoted to him, with a lovely and plain expression. In his poems, Şems-i Hayâlî embodied mysticism, portraying many Sufism-related types and personalities. He called attention to Hayyat Vehbî Tailor Father, to whom he wholeheartedly devoted himself, as a personality cited in all his poems. Therefore, this study focused on identifying and assessing the types and personalities in the poems of the poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî.

 With its distinctive sources, unique style, form, and content, Old Turkish literature is the outcome of a literary tradition grounded on theological, historical, mythical, and folkloric roots, which spanned for about six centuries. To comprehend such deep-rooted literature and to grasp the profundity of meaning it conveys, it is essential to apprehend which sources it uses. Numerous aspects, especially religion and culture, which are among the most significant social values, are the ancestors of our literature. Types and personalities considered among these sources embody a critical portion of the cultural treasure poets have generated for the society they belong to from the past to their era of existence. Type and personality as the primary themes are the focal points of all the action and construction in our literature regarding a literary composition. Therefore, it is essential to identify precisely these types and personalities to comprehend a literary text in its entirety. Poets convey their views and feelings to readers by embodying types and personalities in their work. Divan poetry remarks the types such as lover, beloved, rival, Mecnûn, Leyla, sâki, and dervish that symbolize specific behaviors and manifest themselves in ordinary social interactions. The personalities classified as religious, historical, literary, artisan, mystic, and scholar, on the other hand, are shaped by peoples self-views, reflections, and styles, and thus they display erratic behaviors instead of stereotypical conduct. Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî, who lived in the 19th century and was recognized widely by his immediate circle, was one of the illiterate divan-khanqah poets using pseudonyms Nome de guerre such as Şems-i Hayâl Hayâl-i Şems, Hayalî Şems-i Nakşî in his poems. He gained a reputation as Chickpea Father since he earned his living by selling roasted chickpeas. As a Sufi poet, Şems-i Hayâlîs poems comprise full of enthusiasm since they possess spiritual and mystical references posing mystical themes. His Divan, Tuhfetül-uşşâk, is his exclusively known piece of work. He utilized arûz prosody wezni and syllabic meter in his poems. This divan is a unique work conveying the respect, love, and dedication of a disciplined adherent who merely overloves his sheik and is very devoted to him, with a lovely and plain expression. In his poems, Şems-i Hayâlî embodied mysticism, portraying many Sufism-related types and personalities. He called attention to Hayyat Vehbî Tailor Father, to whom he wholeheartedly devoted himself, as a personality cited in all his poems. Therefore, this study focused on identifying and assessing the types and personalities in the poems of the poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî.

 Kaynakları, kendine özgü tarz, biçim ve muhtevasıyla Eski Türk edebiyatımız, dinî, tarihî, mitolojik ve folklorik temeller üzerine inşa edilmiş, yaklaşık altı asır süren edebî bir geleneğin mahsulünü oluşturmaktadır. Bu köklü edebiyatı anlayabilmek ve taşıdığı anlam derinliğini idrâk edebilmek için hangi kaynaklardan yararlandığını bilmek gereklidir. Din ve kültürün başı çektiği toplumsal hayatın en önemli değerleri arasında yer alan birçok unsur edebiyatımıza kaynaklık eder. Bu kaynaklar arasında yer alan tip ve kişilikler; şairlerin mensubu oldukları toplumda geçmişten yaşadıkları döneme kadar oluşturdukları kültür hazinesinin önemli bir parçasını ihtiva etmektedir. Edebiyatımızda edebî bir metnin tüm aksiyonu ve kurgulanması, temel öğelerden olan tip ve kişilikler üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu nedenle edebî bir metni tam olarak anlayabilmek için tip ve kişiliklerin doğru tespit edilmesi önemlidir. Şair, eserinde yer verdiği tip ve kişilikler sayesinde düşünceleri ve duygularını somutlaştırarak okuyucuya aktarır. Divan şiirinde, toplumun olağan yaşantısı içinde kendini gösteren ve belirgin davranışları temsil eden; âşık, maşûk, rakîp, Mecnûn, Leylâ, sâki, derviş gibi tipler dikkat çekmektedir. Dinî, tarihî, edebî, sanatkâr, mutasavvıf ve bilgin başlıkları altında tasnif ettiğimiz kişilikler ise, insanın kendi görüş, düşünüş ve tarzlarıyla şekillenerek, tekdüze davranışlar yerine değişken davranışlar sergiler. XIX. Yüzyılın daha ziyade yakın çevresi tarafından tanınan, ümmî divan-tekke şairlerinden olan Erzincanlı Şems-i Hayâlî şiirlerinde Şems-i Hayâl Hayâl-i Şems, Hayalî Şems-i Nakşî gibi mahlaslar kullanmıştır. Leblebi satarak geçimini sağladığı için Leblebici Baba olarak ün kazanmıştır. Mutasavvıf bir şair olan Şems-i Hayâlînin dinî ve tasavvufî telakkîleri ihtiva eden ve tasavvufî bir neşve barındıran şiirleri coşku doludur. Bilinen tek eseri Tuhfetül-uşşâk adlı Dîvânıdır. Şiirlerinde hem arûz hem de hece veznini kullanmıştır. Bu divan, şeyhini çok seven ve ona çok bağlı olan bir müridin hocasına duyduğu saygıyı, sevgiyi, bağlılığı; güzel, yalın bir ifadeyle aktaran önemli bir eserdir. Şems-i Hayâlî, şiirlerinde tasavvufu işlemiş ve birçoğunda tasavvufî tip ve kişiliklere yer vermiştir. Can-ı gönülden bağlı olduğu mürşidi Hayyat Vehbî Terzi Baba tüm şiirlerinde geçen bir kişilik olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Erzincanlı şair Şems-i Hayâlînin şiirlerinde geçen tip ve kişilikler tespit edilmiş ve incelenmiştir.

Makale detayları

Types and Personalities in “Tuhfetü'l-Uşşâk” of Poet Şems-i Hayâlî Erzincanî

Yazarlar:

Erdoğan Uludağ | Ruhi Kara

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı | Edebi Çalışmalar (Diğer) | Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 78, pp.296-314

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298623

pISSN:

2822-2725

Leblebici Baba

Personality

Şems-i Hayâlî

Tuhfetü’l-Uşşâk

TypeLeblebici Baba

Şems-i Hayâlî

Tuhfetü’l-Uşşâk

Tip

Kişilik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Erdoğan Uludağ | Ruhi Kara

Yayıncı: Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar: Türk İslam Edebiyatı | Edebi Çalışmalar (Diğer) | Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi: Turcology Research Issue 78, pp.296-314

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001298623

pISSN: 2822-2725

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Erdoğan Uludağ | Ruhi Kara

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türk İslam Edebiyatı | Edebi Çalışmalar (Diğer) | Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 78, pp.296-314

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001298623

pISSN:

2822-2725