The Contribution Of Nikolay Vasil'yevich Nikol'skiy to Chuvash Modernızation And Identity Construction: Hıpar Newspaper And Kazan Literary School

Bahar Eriş Karaoğlan

Makale detayları

The Contribution Of Nikolay Vasil'yevich Nikol'skiy to Chuvash Modernızation And Identity Construction: Hıpar Newspaper And Kazan Literary School

Yazarlar:

Bahar Eriş Karaoğlan

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çuvaş Dil ve Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 30, pp.375-404

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354103

pISSN:

1309-7660

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The modernization process that started in Russia in the 18th century brought along the construction of national identity. As the multilingual, multi-religious and multi-national Russian Empire transitioned to a national state structure, it applied various assimilation policies to the subject peoples. One of the peoples to whom these policies were applied was the Chuvash. The efforts to assimilate the Chuvash enabled them to receive modern education, gain cultural awareness, and engage in press and broadcasting activities. The modernization movement that started among the Chuvash in the second half of the 19th century under the influence of Russian modernization was led by I. Ya. Yakovlev, N. V. Nikolsky began to lead the modernization movement among the Chuvash. Having a secular outlook, N. V. Nikolsky contributed to the construction of a nation based on ethnic culture in various fields. Founded after the 1905 October Revolution, Kypar became a means of communication through which both the progressive-national movement and socialist ideas were expressed. In addition, the language of the newspaper and the inclusion of myths and symbols of common history in the newspaper helped the Chuvash rediscover their ethnic identity. The Kazan literary school was a meeting place for those who criticized the political, cultural, economic and social policies of the period and for intellectuals and writers who wanted to create their own literature. For this reason, the article will describe the process of gaining linguistic and cultural independence and building national consciousness initiated by N. V. Nikolsky, who has an important place in Chuvash modernization, through the Kazan literary school and the newspaper Kypar, and draw attention to the rediscovery of the Chuvash at the beginning of the 20th century through the works of N. V. Nikolsky.

 The modernization process that started in Russia in the 18th century brought along the construction of national identity. As the multilingual, multi-religious and multi-national Russian Empire transitioned to a national state structure, it applied various assimilation policies to the subject peoples. One of the peoples to whom these policies were applied was the Chuvash. The efforts to assimilate the Chuvash enabled them to receive modern education, gain cultural awareness, and engage in press and broadcasting activities. The modernization movement that started among the Chuvash in the second half of the 19th century under the influence of Russian modernization was led by I. Ya. Yakovlev, N. V. Nikolsky began to lead the modernization movement among the Chuvash. Having a secular outlook, N. V. Nikolsky contributed to the construction of a nation based on ethnic culture in various fields. Founded after the 1905 October Revolution, Kypar became a means of communication through which both the progressive-national movement and socialist ideas were expressed. In addition, the language of the newspaper and the inclusion of myths and symbols of common history in the newspaper helped the Chuvash rediscover their ethnic identity. The Kazan literary school was a meeting place for those who criticized the political, cultural, economic and social policies of the period and for intellectuals and writers who wanted to create their own literature. For this reason, the article will describe the process of gaining linguistic and cultural independence and building national consciousness initiated by N. V. Nikolsky, who has an important place in Chuvash modernization, through the Kazan literary school and the newspaper Kypar, and draw attention to the rediscovery of the Chuvash at the beginning of the 20th century through the works of N. V. Nikolsky.

 The modernization process that started in Russia in the 18th century brought along the construction of national identity. As the multilingual, multi-religious and multi-national Russian Empire transitioned to a national state structure, it applied various assimilation policies to the subject peoples. One of the peoples to whom these policies were applied was the Chuvash. The efforts to assimilate the Chuvash enabled them to receive modern education, gain cultural awareness, and engage in press and broadcasting activities. The modernization movement that started among the Chuvash in the second half of the 19th century under the influence of Russian modernization was led by I. Ya. Yakovlev, N. V. Nikolsky began to lead the modernization movement among the Chuvash. Having a secular outlook, N. V. Nikolsky contributed to the construction of a nation based on ethnic culture in various fields. Founded after the 1905 October Revolution, Kypar became a means of communication through which both the progressive-national movement and socialist ideas were expressed. In addition, the language of the newspaper and the inclusion of myths and symbols of common history in the newspaper helped the Chuvash rediscover their ethnic identity. The Kazan literary school was a meeting place for those who criticized the political, cultural, economic and social policies of the period and for intellectuals and writers who wanted to create their own literature. For this reason, the article will describe the process of gaining linguistic and cultural independence and building national consciousness initiated by N. V. Nikolsky, who has an important place in Chuvash modernization, through the Kazan literary school and the newspaper Kypar, and draw attention to the rediscovery of the Chuvash at the beginning of the 20th century through the works of N. V. Nikolsky.

 Rusyada 18. yüzyılda başlayan modernleşme süreci millî kimliğin inşasını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Çok dilli, çok dinli ve çok uluslu Rus İmparatorluğu millî devlet yapısına geçerken tabi halklara çeşitli asimilasyon politikaları uygulamıştır. Bu politikaları uyguladığı halklardan biri de Çuvaşlardır. Çuvaşları asimile etmeye yönelik yapılan çalışmalar onların modern eğitim almalarını, kültürel farkındalık kazanmalarını ve basın yayın faaliyetlerinde bulunmalarını sağlamıştır. Rus modernleşmesi etkileriyle 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Çuvaşlar arasında başlayan modernleşme hareketine I. Ya. Yakovlevden sonra N. V. Nikolsky öncülük etmeye başlamıştır. Laik bir bakış açısına sahip N. V. Nikolsky etnik kültüre dayalı bir milletin inşasına çeşitli alanlarda katkı sağlamıştır. 1905 Ekim Devrimi ile kurulan Hıpar hem ilerici-millî hareketin hem de sosyalist fikirlerin dile getirildiği bir iletişim aracı olmuştur. Ayrıca gazetenin dili, ortak tarihe ait mit ve simgelerin gazetede yer alması, Çuvaşların etnik kimliklerini yeniden keşfetmelerini sağlamıştır. Kazan edebiyat okulu ise dönemin siyasî, kültürel, ekonomik, toplumsal politikasını eleştirenlerin ve kendi edebiyatını oluşturmak isteyen aydın ve yazarların buluşma yeri olmuştur. Bu sebeple makalede Çuvaş modernleşmesinde önemli bir yere sahip N. V. Nikolskyin Kazan edebiyat okulu ve Hıpar gazetesi ile başlattığı dil ve kültür bağımsızlığı kazanma ve millî bilinci inşa süreci anlatılacak ve Çuvaşlığın 20. yüzyılın başındaki yeniden keşfine N. V. Nikolskyin çalışmaları aracılığıyla dikkat çekilecektir.

Makale detayları

The Contribution Of Nikolay Vasil'yevich Nikol'skiy to Chuvash Modernızation And Identity Construction: Hıpar Newspaper And Kazan Literary School

Yazarlar:

Bahar Eriş Karaoğlan

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çuvaş Dil ve Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 30, pp.375-404

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354103

pISSN:

1309-7660

Chuvash modernization

N. V. Nikolsky

Khypar Newspaper

Kazan Literary SchoolÇuvaş modernleşmesi

N. V. Nikol’sky

Hıpar Gazetesi

Kazan Edebiyat Okulu

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Bahar Eriş Karaoğlan

Yayıncı: Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar: Çuvaş Dil ve Edebiyatı

Dergi: Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 30, pp.375-404

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001354103

pISSN: 1309-7660

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Bahar Eriş Karaoğlan

Yayıncı:

Trakya University

Ana Başlıklar:

Çuvaş Dil ve Edebiyatı

Dergi:

Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 30, pp.375-404

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001354103

pISSN:

1309-7660