A New Light From East To West: Change and Transformation of Medieval Astronomy in Spain

Süleyman Ertan Tağman

Makale detayları

A New Light From East To West: Change and Transformation of Medieval Astronomy in Spain

Yazarlar:

Süleyman Ertan Tağman

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 2, pp.893-915

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299189

pISSN:

2645-8950

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Although the Middle Ages is often referred to as a long period of darkness in scientific, cultural, and philosophical terms, it can be said that in the past century, through the research of thinkers such as Duhem, Bernal, Gilson, Needham, Eco, this darkness has been somewhat illuminated. The two main reasons for labeling this era as dark are the absence of enlightenment during this period, and the second reason may be that peoples eyes had not yet adapted to this darkness. The modern scientific paradigm seems to be a major contributor to the second reason. This paradigms acceptance of the entire history of science as a process of evolution toward modern science and its emphasis on criteria such as rationality, theorization, causality, secularism, and reliance on experimentation and observation have played a significant role in labeling the Middle Ages as dark. The possibility of evaluating all the work done over a thousand years in a wide geographic area independently of this paradigm may play a role in changing perceptions about the Middle Ages. One way to do this is to determine whether all the cultures in Europe, which was the center of the Middle Ages, went through the same process during this period. This study discusses Spains contributions to the history of science in the Middle Ages, especially its impact in the field of astronomy. To do this, the historical process of Spain is first examined, and a general overview of the history of astronomy is provided. Then, the general characteristics of Spain during the Middle Ages are summarized, and the reasons for the interest in science, especially astronomy, in Spain before the transition to what we call modern science are explored. Following that, the influence of Muslim and Jewish scientists in the process leading to the scientific revolution is discussed, and the transition to modern science in Spain is examined.

 Although the Middle Ages is often referred to as a long period of darkness in scientific, cultural, and philosophical terms, it can be said that in the past century, through the research of thinkers such as Duhem, Bernal, Gilson, Needham, Eco, this darkness has been somewhat illuminated. The two main reasons for labeling this era as dark are the absence of enlightenment during this period, and the second reason may be that peoples eyes had not yet adapted to this darkness. The modern scientific paradigm seems to be a major contributor to the second reason. This paradigms acceptance of the entire history of science as a process of evolution toward modern science and its emphasis on criteria such as rationality, theorization, causality, secularism, and reliance on experimentation and observation have played a significant role in labeling the Middle Ages as dark. The possibility of evaluating all the work done over a thousand years in a wide geographic area independently of this paradigm may play a role in changing perceptions about the Middle Ages. One way to do this is to determine whether all the cultures in Europe, which was the center of the Middle Ages, went through the same process during this period. This study discusses Spains contributions to the history of science in the Middle Ages, especially its impact in the field of astronomy. To do this, the historical process of Spain is first examined, and a general overview of the history of astronomy is provided. Then, the general characteristics of Spain during the Middle Ages are summarized, and the reasons for the interest in science, especially astronomy, in Spain before the transition to what we call modern science are explored. Following that, the influence of Muslim and Jewish scientists in the process leading to the scientific revolution is discussed, and the transition to modern science in Spain is examined.

 Although the Middle Ages is often referred to as a long period of darkness in scientific, cultural, and philosophical terms, it can be said that in the past century, through the research of thinkers such as Duhem, Bernal, Gilson, Needham, Eco, this darkness has been somewhat illuminated. The two main reasons for labeling this era as dark are the absence of enlightenment during this period, and the second reason may be that peoples eyes had not yet adapted to this darkness. The modern scientific paradigm seems to be a major contributor to the second reason. This paradigms acceptance of the entire history of science as a process of evolution toward modern science and its emphasis on criteria such as rationality, theorization, causality, secularism, and reliance on experimentation and observation have played a significant role in labeling the Middle Ages as dark. The possibility of evaluating all the work done over a thousand years in a wide geographic area independently of this paradigm may play a role in changing perceptions about the Middle Ages. One way to do this is to determine whether all the cultures in Europe, which was the center of the Middle Ages, went through the same process during this period. This study discusses Spains contributions to the history of science in the Middle Ages, especially its impact in the field of astronomy. To do this, the historical process of Spain is first examined, and a general overview of the history of astronomy is provided. Then, the general characteristics of Spain during the Middle Ages are summarized, and the reasons for the interest in science, especially astronomy, in Spain before the transition to what we call modern science are explored. Following that, the influence of Muslim and Jewish scientists in the process leading to the scientific revolution is discussed, and the transition to modern science in Spain is examined.

 Ortaçağ her ne kadar uzun bir süre bilimsel, kültürel ve felsefi anlamda karanlık bir dönem olarak adlandırılsa da, geçtiğimiz yüzyılda Duhem, Bernal, Gilson, Needham, Eco gibi düşünürlerin araştırmalarıyla, bu karanlığın bir nebze de olsa aydınlandığı söylenebilir. Bu çağın karanlık olarak adlandırılmasının iki temel nedeninden birincisi bu dönemde aydınlığın olmaması, ikinci neden ise gözlerin henüz bu karanlığa uyum sağlayamaması olabilir. Modern bilim paradigması ikinci nedenin temel müsebbibi gibi görünmektedir. Bu paradigmanın tüm bilim tarihini modern bilime doğru bir evrilme süreci olarak kabul etmesi ve akla dayalı olma, kuramlaştırma, nedensellik, sekülerlik, deneye ve gözleme dayalı olma gibi kriterleri temele alması Ortaçağa ilişkin yargının karanlık olarak adlandırılmasında etkin olmuştur. Bin yılı aşkın uzun bir zaman diliminde ve geniş bir coğrafyada yapılmış olan çalışmaların tamamının bu paradigmadan bağımsız şekilde değerlendirilme imkanı, Ortaçağa ilişkin yargının değişmesinde rol oynayabilir. Bunu yapma yollarından birisi de karanlık! Ortaçağın merkezi olan Avrupadaki tüm kültürlerin bu dönemde tamamıyla aynı süreci yaşayıp yaşamadığını belirlemeye çalışmaktır. Bu çalışmada İspanyanın Ortaçağda bilim tarihine katkıları ve özellikle de astronomi alanındaki etkileri tartışılmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle İspanyanın tarihsel süreci incelenmiş, astronomiye ilişkin genel tarihçe verilmiştir. Ardından Ortaçağda İspanyanın genel karakteristiği özetlenmiş, modern bilim olarak adlandırdığımız sürece geçmeden önceki dönemlerde İspanyada bilime özellikle de astronomiye olan ilginin nedenleri ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmış, ardından bilimsel devrime giden süreçte Müslüman ve Yahudi bilim insanlarının etkisinden bahsedilmiş ve İspanyada modern bilime geçiş süreci incelenmiştir.

Makale detayları

A New Light From East To West: Change and Transformation of Medieval Astronomy in Spain

Yazarlar:

Süleyman Ertan Tağman

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 2, pp.893-915

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299189

pISSN:

2645-8950

Middle Ages

Astronomy

Spain

Al-Andalus

ChurchOrtaçağ

Astronomi

İspanya

Endülüs

Kilise

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Süleyman Ertan Tağman

Yayıncı: Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar: Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi: Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 2, pp.893-915

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001299189

pISSN: 2645-8950

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Süleyman Ertan Tağman

Yayıncı:

Bursa Uludağ University

Ana Başlıklar:

Sistematik Felsefe (Diğer)

Dergi:

Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi Vol.22 Issue 2, pp.893-915

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001299189

pISSN:

2645-8950