Experimental Velogenic Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Chickens Immunologically Impaired by Treatment with Cyclophosphamide

Simeon Okafor; John Ihedioha; John Osita Okoye

Makale detayları

Experimental Velogenic Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Chickens Immunologically Impaired by Treatment with Cyclophosphamide

Yazarlar:

Simeon Okafor | John Ihedioha | John Osita Okoye

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hayvan Sağlığı Ekonomisi ve İşletmeciliği | Veteriner Bakteriyoloji | Veteriner Patoloji

Dergi:

Veterinary Sciences and Practices Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.94-103

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325987

pISSN:

2822-3608

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study investigated whether lymphocytic depletion following chemical bursectomy influenced the severity of infection and development of lesions in chickens challenged with velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus vvNDV. Cockerel chickens treated with cyclophosphamide on days 2, 3 and 4 post-hatch showed loss of weight, atrophy and lymphocytic depletion in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. At 6 weeks of age, the chickens were assigned to four groups- Bursectomized intramuscularly vvNDV inoculated BI, bursectomized uninfected BU, non-bursectomized infected NBI and non-bursectomized uninfected NBU chickens. The BI and NBI chickens showed significant P  .05 loss of weight than their uninfected controls. Depression, anorexia, greenish diarrhea, listlessness, tremor, and oculo-nasal discharges were observed in both infected groups, but were more severe and frequent in the NBI than in the BI chickens. Total mortalities were 100 and 95.5 for the NBI and BI chickens, respectively P  .05. Lesions in both infected groups included atrophy of the bursa, spleen and thymus. Hemorrhages in the proventricular mucosa, intestines and cecal tonsils, as well as congestion and enlargement of the kidneys were significantly P  .05 more severe and frequent in NBI than BI chickens. Histopathology showed necrosis and depletion of lymphocytes in the three lymphoid organs in both infected groups with more severity in the NBI than BI chickens. These results show that depletion of lymphocytes by treatment with cyclophosphamide may influence the severity of infection and development of lesions in vvNDV infection in cockerel chickens.

 This study investigated whether lymphocytic depletion following chemical bursectomy influenced the severity of infection and development of lesions in chickens challenged with velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus vvNDV. Cockerel chickens treated with cyclophosphamide on days 2, 3 and 4 post-hatch showed loss of weight, atrophy and lymphocytic depletion in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. At 6 weeks of age, the chickens were assigned to four groups- Bursectomized intramuscularly vvNDV inoculated BI, bursectomized uninfected BU, non-bursectomized infected NBI and non-bursectomized uninfected NBU chickens. The BI and NBI chickens showed significant P  .05 loss of weight than their uninfected controls. Depression, anorexia, greenish diarrhea, listlessness, tremor, and oculo-nasal discharges were observed in both infected groups, but were more severe and frequent in the NBI than in the BI chickens. Total mortalities were 100 and 95.5 for the NBI and BI chickens, respectively P  .05. Lesions in both infected groups included atrophy of the bursa, spleen and thymus. Hemorrhages in the proventricular mucosa, intestines and cecal tonsils, as well as congestion and enlargement of the kidneys were significantly P  .05 more severe and frequent in NBI than BI chickens. Histopathology showed necrosis and depletion of lymphocytes in the three lymphoid organs in both infected groups with more severity in the NBI than BI chickens. These results show that depletion of lymphocytes by treatment with cyclophosphamide may influence the severity of infection and development of lesions in vvNDV infection in cockerel chickens.

 This study investigated whether lymphocytic depletion following chemical bursectomy influenced the severity of infection and development of lesions in chickens challenged with velogenic viscerotropic Newcastle disease virus vvNDV. Cockerel chickens treated with cyclophosphamide on days 2, 3 and 4 post-hatch showed loss of weight, atrophy and lymphocytic depletion in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. At 6 weeks of age, the chickens were assigned to four groups- Bursectomized intramuscularly vvNDV inoculated BI, bursectomized uninfected BU, non-bursectomized infected NBI and non-bursectomized uninfected NBU chickens. The BI and NBI chickens showed significant P  .05 loss of weight than their uninfected controls. Depression, anorexia, greenish diarrhea, listlessness, tremor, and oculo-nasal discharges were observed in both infected groups, but were more severe and frequent in the NBI than in the BI chickens. Total mortalities were 100 and 95.5 for the NBI and BI chickens, respectively P  .05. Lesions in both infected groups included atrophy of the bursa, spleen and thymus. Hemorrhages in the proventricular mucosa, intestines and cecal tonsils, as well as congestion and enlargement of the kidneys were significantly P  .05 more severe and frequent in NBI than BI chickens. Histopathology showed necrosis and depletion of lymphocytes in the three lymphoid organs in both infected groups with more severity in the NBI than BI chickens. These results show that depletion of lymphocytes by treatment with cyclophosphamide may influence the severity of infection and development of lesions in vvNDV infection in cockerel chickens.

 Bu çalışmada, kimyasal bursektomiyi takiben lenfositik tükenmenin, velojenik viskerotropik Newcastle hastalığı virüsü vvNDV ile enfekte erkek civcivlerde enfeksiyonun şiddetini ve lezyonların gelişimini etkileyip etkilemediği araştırılmıştır. Kuluçkadan sonraki 2, 3 ve 4. günlerde siklofosfamid ile tedavi edilen erkek civcivlerde kilo kaybı ve bursa Fabricius ve dalakta atrofi ve lenfositik tükenme görülmüştür. Erkek civcivler 6 haftalıkken dört gruba ayrılmıştır: Bursektomize kas içi vvNDV aşılanmış BI, bursektomize enfekte olmamış BU, bursektomize enfekte olmamış NBI ve bursektomize enfekte olmamışlar NBU. BI ve NBI erkek civcivleri, enfekte olmamış kontrollerine kıyasla önemli ölçüde P  .05 kilo kaybı göstermiştir. Depresyon, anoreksi, yeşilimsi ishal, halsizlik, titreme ve okülo-nazal akıntılar her iki enfekte grupta da gözlenmiş, ancak NBIda BI erkek civcivlerine göre daha şiddetli ve sık görülmüştür. Toplam ölüm oranları NBI ve BI erkek civcivleri için sırasıyla 100 ve 95,5tir P  .05. Her iki enfekte gruptaki lezyonlar arasında bursa, dalak ve timus atrofisi yer almıştır. Proventriküler mukoza, bağırsaklar ve çekal tonsillerdeki kanamaların yanı sıra böbreklerdeki tıkanıklık ve genişleme NBI erkek civcivlerinde, BI erkek civcivlerine göre önemli ölçüde P  ,05 daha şiddetli ve yaygındı. Histopatoloji, her iki enfekte grupta da üç lenfoid organda nekroz ve lenfositlerin tükendiğini, NBIda BI erkek civcivlerine göre daha şiddetli olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, siklofosfamid tedavisi ile lenfositlerin tükenmesinin, erkek civcivlerde vvNDV enfeksiyonun şiddetini ve lezyonların gelişimini etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir.

Makale detayları

Experimental Velogenic Viscerotropic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Chickens Immunologically Impaired by Treatment with Cyclophosphamide

Yazarlar:

Simeon Okafor | John Ihedioha | John Osita Okoye

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hayvan Sağlığı Ekonomisi ve İşletmeciliği | Veteriner Bakteriyoloji | Veteriner Patoloji

Dergi:

Veterinary Sciences and Practices Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.94-103

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325987

pISSN:

2822-3608

Bursectomy

cockerel chickens

lymphoid organs

pathogenesis

velogenic Newcastle disease virusBursektomi

erkek civcivler

lenfoid organlar

patogenez

velojenik Newcatle hastalığı virüsü

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Simeon Okafor | John Ihedioha | John Osita Okoye

Yayıncı: Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar: Hayvan Sağlığı Ekonomisi ve İşletmeciliği | Veteriner Bakteriyoloji | Veteriner Patoloji

Dergi: Veterinary Sciences and Practices Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.94-103

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 8/2024

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001325987

pISSN: 2822-3608

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Simeon Okafor | John Ihedioha | John Osita Okoye

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Hayvan Sağlığı Ekonomisi ve İşletmeciliği | Veteriner Bakteriyoloji | Veteriner Patoloji

Dergi:

Veterinary Sciences and Practices Vol.19 Issue 2, pp.94-103

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

8/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001325987

pISSN:

2822-3608