The Use Of Political Cartoons As A Criticism Tool İn Daily Newspapers: Reflection Of The February 28 Process

Mustafa Fidan

Makale detayları

The Use Of Political Cartoons As A Criticism Tool İn Daily Newspapers: Reflection Of The February 28 Process

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Fidan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Aydin University

Ana Başlıklar:

Gazetecilik

Dergi:

İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 1, pp.73-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339519

pISSN:

2757-7252

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Cartoons contain both humorous elements and carry the meaning of criticism and attack. Cartoons portray the subject matter they deal with in a humorous, sarcastic or sarcastic manner, satirically. Cartoon art has become one of the tools of criticism of power and structures related to power. Cartoons, a product of popular culture, are also effective in forming social judgments or maintaining existing judgments. The use of cartoons in the Turkish press has often been aimed at criticizing the governments policies in political, economic, social and other areas. In this study, the reflection of the decisions of the MGK meeting held on February 28, 1997 in the cartoons of Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers was discussed. There are two reasons why these two newspapers were chosen as examples. One is that they were the most widely read newspapers of their time. The other is that they were in opposition to the government of the time. The aim of the study is to draw the road map of cartoons, especially political cartoons, in the history of the Turkish press. It also aims to present an archive about cartoon newspapers, cartoons in newspapers and cartoonists from past to present. On the other hand, another aim is to discuss how the three prominent functions of newspaper cartoons, namely humor, criticism and conveying social memory, are reflected in cartoons. The document limitation of the study is Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers, and the temporal limitation is the examination of the one-month period of the incident. The method of the study is the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes. As a result of the study, it was seen that both the British style of humorous criticism and the French style of aggressive criticism were reflected in the cartoon drawings of the two newspapers.

 Cartoons contain both humorous elements and carry the meaning of criticism and attack. Cartoons portray the subject matter they deal with in a humorous, sarcastic or sarcastic manner, satirically. Cartoon art has become one of the tools of criticism of power and structures related to power. Cartoons, a product of popular culture, are also effective in forming social judgments or maintaining existing judgments. The use of cartoons in the Turkish press has often been aimed at criticizing the governments policies in political, economic, social and other areas. In this study, the reflection of the decisions of the MGK meeting held on February 28, 1997 in the cartoons of Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers was discussed. There are two reasons why these two newspapers were chosen as examples. One is that they were the most widely read newspapers of their time. The other is that they were in opposition to the government of the time. The aim of the study is to draw the road map of cartoons, especially political cartoons, in the history of the Turkish press. It also aims to present an archive about cartoon newspapers, cartoons in newspapers and cartoonists from past to present. On the other hand, another aim is to discuss how the three prominent functions of newspaper cartoons, namely humor, criticism and conveying social memory, are reflected in cartoons. The document limitation of the study is Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers, and the temporal limitation is the examination of the one-month period of the incident. The method of the study is the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes. As a result of the study, it was seen that both the British style of humorous criticism and the French style of aggressive criticism were reflected in the cartoon drawings of the two newspapers.

 Cartoons contain both humorous elements and carry the meaning of criticism and attack. Cartoons portray the subject matter they deal with in a humorous, sarcastic or sarcastic manner, satirically. Cartoon art has become one of the tools of criticism of power and structures related to power. Cartoons, a product of popular culture, are also effective in forming social judgments or maintaining existing judgments. The use of cartoons in the Turkish press has often been aimed at criticizing the governments policies in political, economic, social and other areas. In this study, the reflection of the decisions of the MGK meeting held on February 28, 1997 in the cartoons of Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers was discussed. There are two reasons why these two newspapers were chosen as examples. One is that they were the most widely read newspapers of their time. The other is that they were in opposition to the government of the time. The aim of the study is to draw the road map of cartoons, especially political cartoons, in the history of the Turkish press. It also aims to present an archive about cartoon newspapers, cartoons in newspapers and cartoonists from past to present. On the other hand, another aim is to discuss how the three prominent functions of newspaper cartoons, namely humor, criticism and conveying social memory, are reflected in cartoons. The document limitation of the study is Hürriyet and Cumhuriyet newspapers, and the temporal limitation is the examination of the one-month period of the incident. The method of the study is the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes. As a result of the study, it was seen that both the British style of humorous criticism and the French style of aggressive criticism were reflected in the cartoon drawings of the two newspapers.

 Kelime anlamı ve doğası itibariyle karikatür, hem mizahi ögeler hem de eleştirme ve saldırma manası taşımaktadır. Ele aldığı konuyu hicvederek, esprili, alaycı ya da iğneleyici bir üslupla resmeden karikatür sanatı, iktidar ve iktidara ilişkin yapılara yönelik eleştirinin enstrümanlarından birisi olmuştur. Popüler kültür ürünü olan karikatür, toplumsal yargı oluşması veya var olan yargının sürdürülmesi konusunda da etkilidir. Türk basınında karikatürler kullanımı, çoğu zaman iktidarın siyasi, ekonomik, toplumsal ve diğer çeşitli alanlarda politikalarını eleştiriye yönelik olmuştur. Çalışmada, 28 Şubat 1997 yılında gerçekleşen MGK toplantısı kararlarının Hürriyet ve Cumhuriyet gazetesi karikatürlerine yansıması ele alınmıştır. Dönemin iktidarına muhalif konumdaki bu iki gazetenin seçilmesinde, karikatürün muhalif doğasını yansıtmasına olan uygunlukları ve aynı zamanda dönemin en çok okunan gazeteleri olmaları belirleyici unsur olmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, Türk basın tarihinde karikatürün, özellikle de siyasi karikatürün yol haritasını çizmektir. Geçmişten günümüze karikatür gazeteleri, gazetede karikatür ve karikatüristler hakkında bir arşiv sunmayı da hedeflemektedir. Diğer yandan, gazete karikatürlerinin öne çıkan üç işlevi olan güldürü, eleştiri ve toplumsal hafızayı aktarma üzerinden ele alıp değerlendirmektir. Çalışmanın doküman sınırlılığı Hürriyet ve Cumhuriyet gazetesi, zamansal sınırlılığı ise yaşanan olayın bir aylık sürecinin incelenmesi şeklindedir. Çalışmanın yöntemi ise Roland Barthesa ait göstergebilimsel analizdir. Çalışma sonucunda görülmüştür ki, iki gazetenin karikatürlerinde hem İngiliz tarzı nüktedan eleştiri hem de Fransız tarzı saldırgan eleştiri karikatür çizimlerine yansımıştır.

Makale detayları

The Use Of Political Cartoons As A Criticism Tool İn Daily Newspapers: Reflection Of The February 28 Process

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Fidan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Aydin University

Ana Başlıklar:

Gazetecilik

Dergi:

İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 1, pp.73-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339519

pISSN:

2757-7252

Cartoon

Political Cartoon

Newspaper Cartoon

Criticism

HumorKarikatür

Siyasi Karikatür

Gazete Karikatürü

Eleştiri

Mizah

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mustafa Fidan

Yayıncı: Istanbul Aydin University

Ana Başlıklar: Gazetecilik

Dergi: İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 1, pp.73-98

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 1/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001339519

pISSN: 2757-7252

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Fidan

Yayıncı:

Istanbul Aydin University

Ana Başlıklar:

Gazetecilik

Dergi:

İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Vol.17 Issue 1, pp.73-98

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

1/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001339519

pISSN:

2757-7252