A STANDARDIZATION ISSUE IN THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD: WOMEN’S SILK SOCKS OR “SOCK MATTER” (1936-1945)

Feyza Kurnaz Şahin; Aysun Yılmaz

Makale detayları

A STANDARDIZATION ISSUE IN THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD: WOMEN’S SILK SOCKS OR “SOCK MATTER” (1936-1945)

Yazarlar:

Feyza Kurnaz Şahin | Aysun Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 50, pp.217-260

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355709

pISSN:

1300-0756

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The purpose of this study was to examine the standardization issue in the economic life in Türkiye on the eve of the Second World War through womens silk socks. Republican Governments made a serious effort to establish quality and standards in order to protect interests in domestic and foreign trade and prevent adulteration and fraud in commercial products. Standardization of womens silk socks was one of the first standardization steps in the textile field. In this sense, the standardization of womens silk socks was first detected through a regulation issued on 7 August 1937. However, upon the sock manufacturers had difficulty implementing the regulation, some articles of the regulation were updated by providing flexibility in the legal regulation on 14 July 1938. Afterwards, a new regulation was accepted by the decree dated 1 March 1941. The study addresses the standardization of womens silk stockings based on these regulations and their preparation processes. The study focused on the deficiencies in standardization of womens socks government regulations, and their social implications. Furthermore, the use of foreign experts for standardization, the perspectives of manufacturers, and their interventions were examined. The flexibility of standardization of womens silk stockings to meet the demands of the producer sector was analyzed. Similarly, implicit and explicit criticisms directed at women regarding the use of womens silk stockings were evaluated. The research was written with a historical perspective and prepared by benefiting from the data of the Republic Archive of the Directorate of the State Archives of the Presidency and the periodicals of the period.

 The purpose of this study was to examine the standardization issue in the economic life in Türkiye on the eve of the Second World War through womens silk socks. Republican Governments made a serious effort to establish quality and standards in order to protect interests in domestic and foreign trade and prevent adulteration and fraud in commercial products. Standardization of womens silk socks was one of the first standardization steps in the textile field. In this sense, the standardization of womens silk socks was first detected through a regulation issued on 7 August 1937. However, upon the sock manufacturers had difficulty implementing the regulation, some articles of the regulation were updated by providing flexibility in the legal regulation on 14 July 1938. Afterwards, a new regulation was accepted by the decree dated 1 March 1941. The study addresses the standardization of womens silk stockings based on these regulations and their preparation processes. The study focused on the deficiencies in standardization of womens socks government regulations, and their social implications. Furthermore, the use of foreign experts for standardization, the perspectives of manufacturers, and their interventions were examined. The flexibility of standardization of womens silk stockings to meet the demands of the producer sector was analyzed. Similarly, implicit and explicit criticisms directed at women regarding the use of womens silk stockings were evaluated. The research was written with a historical perspective and prepared by benefiting from the data of the Republic Archive of the Directorate of the State Archives of the Presidency and the periodicals of the period.

 The purpose of this study was to examine the standardization issue in the economic life in Türkiye on the eve of the Second World War through womens silk socks. Republican Governments made a serious effort to establish quality and standards in order to protect interests in domestic and foreign trade and prevent adulteration and fraud in commercial products. Standardization of womens silk socks was one of the first standardization steps in the textile field. In this sense, the standardization of womens silk socks was first detected through a regulation issued on 7 August 1937. However, upon the sock manufacturers had difficulty implementing the regulation, some articles of the regulation were updated by providing flexibility in the legal regulation on 14 July 1938. Afterwards, a new regulation was accepted by the decree dated 1 March 1941. The study addresses the standardization of womens silk stockings based on these regulations and their preparation processes. The study focused on the deficiencies in standardization of womens socks government regulations, and their social implications. Furthermore, the use of foreign experts for standardization, the perspectives of manufacturers, and their interventions were examined. The flexibility of standardization of womens silk stockings to meet the demands of the producer sector was analyzed. Similarly, implicit and explicit criticisms directed at women regarding the use of womens silk stockings were evaluated. The research was written with a historical perspective and prepared by benefiting from the data of the Republic Archive of the Directorate of the State Archives of the Presidency and the periodicals of the period.

 Bu makalenin amacı İkinci Dünya Savaşı arifesinde Türkiyede iktisadî hayatta standardizasyon meselesini kadın ipekli çorapları üzerinden irdelemektir. Cumhuriyet Hükümetleri iç ve dış ticaretteki menfaatleri korumak ve ticari ürünlerdeki tağşiş ve hileleri önlemek üzere kalite ve standardın oluşturulması için ciddi çaba harcamıştır. Bu bağlamda kadın ipekli çoraplarındaki standardizasyon, tekstil alanındaki ilk standardizasyon adımlarından biridir. Bu alandaki çaba ilk kez 7 Ağustos 1937de çıkartılan nizamname ile tespit edilmiştir. Ancak çorap üreticilerinin nizamnamenin uygulanmasında zorluk çekmesi üzerine yasal düzenlemede esneklik sağlanarak nizamnamenin bazı maddeleri 14 Temmuz 1938de güncellenmiştir. Bilahare 1 Mart 1941 tarihli kararname ile yeni bir nizamname kabul edilmiştir. Çalışma bu nizamnamelerden ve hazırlanış süreçlerinden yola çıkarak kadın ipekli çoraplarındaki standardizasyonu ele almaktadır. Araştırmada kadın çoraplarının standardizasyonundaki eksiklikler, hükümet tarafından yapılan yasal düzenlemeler ve toplumsal yansımalarına odaklanılmıştır. Keza standardizasyon için yabancı uzmanlardan yararlanılması, üretici firmaların meseleye bakışı ve müdahaleleri irdelenmiştir. Kadın ipekli çorabının standardizasyonunun üretici kesimin isteklerine göre esnekliğinin sağlanabilirliği analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca kadın ipekli çorabının kullanımı üzerinden kadına yönelik örtülü veya açık eleştiriler değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma tarihsel bir perspektifle yazılmış olup Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Cumhuriyet Arşivi verileri ve dönemin süreli yayınlarından yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır.

Makale detayları

A STANDARDIZATION ISSUE IN THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE REPUBLICAN PERIOD: WOMEN’S SILK SOCKS OR “SOCK MATTER” (1936-1945)

Yazarlar:

Feyza Kurnaz Şahin | Aysun Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 50, pp.217-260

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355709

pISSN:

1300-0756

History of the Republic of Türkiye

Economic Life

Standardization

Woman

Sock

Silk

ThreadTürkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

İktisadî Hayat

Standardizasyon

Kadın

Çorap

İpek

İplik

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Feyza Kurnaz Şahin | Aysun Yılmaz

Yayıncı: Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 50, pp.217-260

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 7/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001355709

pISSN: 1300-0756

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Feyza Kurnaz Şahin | Aysun Yılmaz

Yayıncı:

Dokuz Eylul University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çağdaş Türkiye Tarihi Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 50, pp.217-260

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

7/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001355709

pISSN:

1300-0756