Comparative Analysis of Brushless Direct Current and Induction Motor for Electric Motorcycle: Design, Performance and Optimization

Hakan Kahveci; Furkan Muhammed Kırıkcı; Ömür Akyazı

Makale detayları

Comparative Analysis of Brushless Direct Current and Induction Motor for Electric Motorcycle: Design, Performance and Optimization

Yazarlar:

Hakan Kahveci | Furkan Muhammed Kırıkcı | Ömür Akyazı

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler | Mühendislik Elektromanyetiği

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.843-864

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350573

pISSN:

2564-7377

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Electric motorcycles are significant in the literature as they are an important step in eliminating dependence on fossil fuels. In the literature, asynchronous motors ASM stand out with their simple design, low production costs and durability, while brushless direct current motors BLDC stand out with their high efficiency, torque density and sensitive speed control characteristics. The ability to use BLDC motors in in-wheel hub motor applications eliminates the need for powertrains in electric motorcycles. In particular, external rotor BLDC motors continue to be a popular research topic in the literature due to their high torque density and superior cooling properties. In this paper, based on the physical force calculations of an electric motorcycle, the external rotor BLDC motor designs with ASM which can provide 2.2-2.3 kW output power are carried out in ANSYS Electronics-Maxwell program using Finite Element Method FEM. The speed, efficiency and torque parameters of the motors are evaluated and the flux densities are analyzed in a 2D-Maxwell platform. The results 91.14 efficiency; 50.5 Nm; 11.067 kg obtained show that the BLDC motor is advantageous in the motorcycle application. With the optimization using genetic algorithm, the undesired Cogging torque of the FDAM was reduced. The evaluation is based on the same core and winding materials. The presentation of motor design and optimization methods in this paper makes significant contributions to the literatüre and international challenge.

 Electric motorcycles are significant in the literature as they are an important step in eliminating dependence on fossil fuels. In the literature, asynchronous motors ASM stand out with their simple design, low production costs and durability, while brushless direct current motors BLDC stand out with their high efficiency, torque density and sensitive speed control characteristics. The ability to use BLDC motors in in-wheel hub motor applications eliminates the need for powertrains in electric motorcycles. In particular, external rotor BLDC motors continue to be a popular research topic in the literature due to their high torque density and superior cooling properties. In this paper, based on the physical force calculations of an electric motorcycle, the external rotor BLDC motor designs with ASM which can provide 2.2-2.3 kW output power are carried out in ANSYS Electronics-Maxwell program using Finite Element Method FEM. The speed, efficiency and torque parameters of the motors are evaluated and the flux densities are analyzed in a 2D-Maxwell platform. The results 91.14 efficiency; 50.5 Nm; 11.067 kg obtained show that the BLDC motor is advantageous in the motorcycle application. With the optimization using genetic algorithm, the undesired Cogging torque of the FDAM was reduced. The evaluation is based on the same core and winding materials. The presentation of motor design and optimization methods in this paper makes significant contributions to the literatüre and international challenge.

 Electric motorcycles are significant in the literature as they are an important step in eliminating dependence on fossil fuels. In the literature, asynchronous motors ASM stand out with their simple design, low production costs and durability, while brushless direct current motors BLDC stand out with their high efficiency, torque density and sensitive speed control characteristics. The ability to use BLDC motors in in-wheel hub motor applications eliminates the need for powertrains in electric motorcycles. In particular, external rotor BLDC motors continue to be a popular research topic in the literature due to their high torque density and superior cooling properties. In this paper, based on the physical force calculations of an electric motorcycle, the external rotor BLDC motor designs with ASM which can provide 2.2-2.3 kW output power are carried out in ANSYS Electronics-Maxwell program using Finite Element Method FEM. The speed, efficiency and torque parameters of the motors are evaluated and the flux densities are analyzed in a 2D-Maxwell platform. The results 91.14 efficiency; 50.5 Nm; 11.067 kg obtained show that the BLDC motor is advantageous in the motorcycle application. With the optimization using genetic algorithm, the undesired Cogging torque of the FDAM was reduced. The evaluation is based on the same core and winding materials. The presentation of motor design and optimization methods in this paper makes significant contributions to the literatüre and international challenge.

 Elektrikli motosikletler, fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığı ortadan kaldırmada önemli bir adım olmaları nedeniyle literatürde büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Literatürde, asenkron motorlar ASM basit tasarımları, düşük üretim maliyetleri ve dayanıklılıklarıyla; fırçasız doğru akım motorlar FDAM ise yüksek verimlilik, tork yoğunluğu ve hassas hız kontrol özellikleriyle ön plana çıkmaktadır. FDA motorların, tekerlek içi hub motor uygulamalarda kullanılabilmesi elektrikli motosikletlerde güç aktarım organlarına duyulan ihtiyacı ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Özellikle dıştan rotorlu FDA motorlar ise yüksek tork yoğunluğu ve üstün soğutma özellikleri sayesinde literatürde popüler bir araştırma konusu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bir elektrikli motosikletin fiziksel kuvvet hesaplamalarına dayalı olarak 2.2-2.3 kW çıkış gücünü sağlayabilecek ASM ile dıştan rotorlu FDAM tasarımları, Sonlu Elemanlar Yöntemi SEY kullanan ANSYS Electronics-Maxwell programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Motorların hız, verim ve tork parametreleri değerlendirilmiş, ayrıca 2D-Maxwell ortamında akı yoğunlukları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar 91.14 verim; 50.5 Nm; 11.067 kg, motosiklet uygulamasında FDA motorun üstün olduğunu göstermektedir. Genetik algoritma kullanılarak yapılan optimizasyon ile FDAMın istenmeyen Cogging torkunda azalma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değerlendirme, aynı nüve ve sargı malzemeleri referans alınarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, motor tasarım ve optimizasyon yöntemlerinin sunulması literatüre ve uluslararası yarışmalara önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır.

Makale detayları

Comparative Analysis of Brushless Direct Current and Induction Motor for Electric Motorcycle: Design, Performance and Optimization

Yazarlar:

Hakan Kahveci | Furkan Muhammed Kırıkcı | Ömür Akyazı

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler | Mühendislik Elektromanyetiği

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.843-864

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350573

pISSN:

2564-7377

Brushless Direct Current Motor

Asynchronous Motor

ANSYS Maxwell

Optimization

Cogging Torque

Electric MotorcycleFırçasız Doğru Akım Motor

Asenkron Motor

ANSYS Maxwell

Optimizasyon

Cogging Tork

Elektrikli Motosiklet

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Hakan Kahveci | Furkan Muhammed Kırıkcı | Ömür Akyazı

Yayıncı: Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar: Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler | Mühendislik Elektromanyetiği

Dergi: Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.843-864

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001350573

pISSN: 2564-7377

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Hakan Kahveci | Furkan Muhammed Kırıkcı | Ömür Akyazı

Yayıncı:

Giresun University

Ana Başlıklar:

Elektrik Makineleri ve Sürücüler | Mühendislik Elektromanyetiği

Dergi:

Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 2, pp.843-864

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001350573

pISSN:

2564-7377