Thermophysical Characterization of Co₃O₄-Based Nanofluids: Specific Heat Capacity and Viscosity

Duygu Yılmaz Aydın

Makale detayları

Thermophysical Characterization of Co₃O₄-Based Nanofluids: Specific Heat Capacity and Viscosity

Yazarlar:

Duygu Yılmaz Aydın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Chemical Engineering (Other) | Nanomaterials

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Science and Technology Vol.20 Issue 2, pp.507-521

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357988

pISSN:

1308-9080

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This study investigates the specific heat capacity and viscosity behavior of Co₃O₄-based nanofluids prepared with binary mixtures of ethylene glycol EG and deionized water DW at volume ratios of 60:40 and 40:60. Nanofluids were prepared using Co₃O₄ nanoparticles 50 nm, 99.5 purity and stabilized with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS surfactant to ensure colloidal stability. The effects of nanoparticle volume concentration 0.251 and temperature 20 C to 70 C on thermophysical properties were evaluated. Specific heat capacity decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration and increased with temperature. The highest reduction in specific heat capacity was observed at 1 loading, reaching up to 9.5 for the 60EG:40DW nanofluid at 20 C. Conversely, viscosity increased with higher nanoparticle concentrations and decreased with temperature, consistent with typical nanofluid behavior. Relative viscosity values ranged from 1.12 to 1.62, depending on base fluid composition, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. Experimental results were also compared with theoretical correlations for specific heat and viscosity. The findings provide essential insights into the thermal-fluid performance of Co₃O₄ nanofluids and emphasize the importance of formulation and thermal optimization for practical heat transfer applications.

 This study investigates the specific heat capacity and viscosity behavior of Co₃O₄-based nanofluids prepared with binary mixtures of ethylene glycol EG and deionized water DW at volume ratios of 60:40 and 40:60. Nanofluids were prepared using Co₃O₄ nanoparticles 50 nm, 99.5 purity and stabilized with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS surfactant to ensure colloidal stability. The effects of nanoparticle volume concentration 0.251 and temperature 20 C to 70 C on thermophysical properties were evaluated. Specific heat capacity decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration and increased with temperature. The highest reduction in specific heat capacity was observed at 1 loading, reaching up to 9.5 for the 60EG:40DW nanofluid at 20 C. Conversely, viscosity increased with higher nanoparticle concentrations and decreased with temperature, consistent with typical nanofluid behavior. Relative viscosity values ranged from 1.12 to 1.62, depending on base fluid composition, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. Experimental results were also compared with theoretical correlations for specific heat and viscosity. The findings provide essential insights into the thermal-fluid performance of Co₃O₄ nanofluids and emphasize the importance of formulation and thermal optimization for practical heat transfer applications.

 This study investigates the specific heat capacity and viscosity behavior of Co₃O₄-based nanofluids prepared with binary mixtures of ethylene glycol EG and deionized water DW at volume ratios of 60:40 and 40:60. Nanofluids were prepared using Co₃O₄ nanoparticles 50 nm, 99.5 purity and stabilized with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate SDBS surfactant to ensure colloidal stability. The effects of nanoparticle volume concentration 0.251 and temperature 20 C to 70 C on thermophysical properties were evaluated. Specific heat capacity decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration and increased with temperature. The highest reduction in specific heat capacity was observed at 1 loading, reaching up to 9.5 for the 60EG:40DW nanofluid at 20 C. Conversely, viscosity increased with higher nanoparticle concentrations and decreased with temperature, consistent with typical nanofluid behavior. Relative viscosity values ranged from 1.12 to 1.62, depending on base fluid composition, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration. Experimental results were also compared with theoretical correlations for specific heat and viscosity. The findings provide essential insights into the thermal-fluid performance of Co₃O₄ nanofluids and emphasize the importance of formulation and thermal optimization for practical heat transfer applications.

 Bu çalışma, etilen glikol EG ve deiyonize su DW ikili karışımları kullanılarak hazırlanan Co₃O₄ bazlı nanoakışkanların özgül ısı kapasitesi ve viskozite davranışlarını incelemektedir. Hacim oranları 60 EG : 40 DW ve 40 EG : 60 DW olan karışımlar kullanılmıştır. Nanoakışkanlar, Co₃O₄ nanoparçacıkları 50 nm boyutunda ve 99,5 saflıkta kullanılarak hazırlanmış ve koloidal stabilitenin sağlanması amacıyla sodyum dodesilbenzen sülfonat SDBS yüzey aktif maddesi ile stabilize edilmiştir. Nanoparçacık hacim konsantrasyonu 0,251 ve sıcaklığın 20 C70 C termofiziksel özellikler üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Özgül ısı kapasitesi, nanoparçacık konsantrasyonu arttıkça azalmış, sıcaklıkla birlikte ise artış göstermiştir. Özgül ısıda en yüksek azalma, 1 yükleme ile 20 Cde 60 EG : 40 DW karışımı için 9,5e kadar gözlenmiştir. Diğer yandan, viskozite artan nanoparçacık konsantrasyonlarıyla birlikte artmış, sıcaklık artışıyla azalmıştır; bu durum nanoakışkanların tipik davranışıyla uyumludur. Bağıl viskozite değerleri, baz akışkan bileşimi, sıcaklık ve nanoparçacık konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak 1,12 ile 1,62 arasında değişmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar, özgül ısı ve viskozite için teorik bağıntılarla da karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, Co₃O₄ nanoakışkanlarının ısı-akışkan performansına dair önemli bilgiler sunmakta ve pratik ısı transferi uygulamaları için formülasyon ve ısıl optimizasyonunun önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Makale detayları

Thermophysical Characterization of Co₃O₄-Based Nanofluids: Specific Heat Capacity and Viscosity

Yazarlar:

Duygu Yılmaz Aydın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Chemical Engineering (Other) | Nanomaterials

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Science and Technology Vol.20 Issue 2, pp.507-521

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357988

pISSN:

1308-9080

Cobalt oxide nanofluid

specific heat capacity

viscosity

EG-DW mixtureKobalt oksit nanoakışkan

özgül ısı kapasitesi

vizkozite

EG-DW karışımı

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Duygu Yılmaz Aydın

Yayıncı: Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar: Chemical Engineering (Other) | Nanomaterials

Dergi: Turkish Journal of Science and Technology Vol.20 Issue 2, pp.507-521

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 9/2025

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001357988

pISSN: 1308-9080

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Duygu Yılmaz Aydın

Yayıncı:

Fırat University

Ana Başlıklar:

Chemical Engineering (Other) | Nanomaterials

Dergi:

Turkish Journal of Science and Technology Vol.20 Issue 2, pp.507-521

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

9/2025

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001357988

pISSN:

1308-9080