Health Services in Kars From the Tsarist Russian Administration to World War II

Nurhan Aydın; Ferhat Acar; Bahar Şentürk Acar

Makale detayları

Health Services in Kars From the Tsarist Russian Administration to World War II

Yazarlar:

Nurhan Aydın | Ferhat Acar | Bahar Şentürk Acar

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 34, pp.891-917

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333625

pISSN:

2149-0643

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Health institutions needed during war periods have been inevitably hospitals. Sick and injured soldiers once had to be treated immediately and return to their mission fields in order to prevent the decrease in the number of soldiers. Well-educated doctors and healthcare professionals were demanded for the right treatment. Prior to World War I, in the Ottoman Empire, Süleyman Numan Bey was appointed as the Sanitary Department of the Ministry of War on the 24th of December, 1913, and regulations were made in this field. To start with, all doctors who were not believed to be useful were discharged and young and skilful officers were assigned. Along with this arrangement, health organizations of the army were handed over to strong and competent doctors. Radical changes in the field of health were achieved with the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye. In the first fifteen years after the proclamation of the Republic, regulations and laws in the field of health were comprehensively prepared and constituted the basis of todays health services. Before the declaration of the Republic, in Kars, there were major problems with regard to health services. During the Turkish War of Independence, critical problems were faced that threatened human health because of epidemics, poverty and the poor infrastructure in the city. Thanks to Kazım Karabekir Pashas initiatives, health school, midwifery course, dentistry course and sanitary courses were launched in the field of health in the region. Kars Memleket Hospital, Maternity and Child Care Home was launched in order to meet the health needs in Kars and its surroundings. The number of beds in these two hospitals in Kars was quite insufficient. Though Memleket Hospital was supposed to possess a bed capacity of 250, it could not satisfy the expectation by staying limited with 25, 50, 60 beds depending on the years. The Maternity and Child Care Home did not surpass its 20-bed capacity. It was attempted to increase the number of doctors working in the province. Dispensaries, malaria control branches and hygiene assemblies were founded in the districts. A plague laboratory was established as part of the fight against epidemic diseases. In addition to serum and vaccination services, quarantine was implemented. Kars Provincial Newspaper also got involved to inform its readers related to the health services and deficiencies in the city.

 Health institutions needed during war periods have been inevitably hospitals. Sick and injured soldiers once had to be treated immediately and return to their mission fields in order to prevent the decrease in the number of soldiers. Well-educated doctors and healthcare professionals were demanded for the right treatment. Prior to World War I, in the Ottoman Empire, Süleyman Numan Bey was appointed as the Sanitary Department of the Ministry of War on the 24th of December, 1913, and regulations were made in this field. To start with, all doctors who were not believed to be useful were discharged and young and skilful officers were assigned. Along with this arrangement, health organizations of the army were handed over to strong and competent doctors. Radical changes in the field of health were achieved with the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye. In the first fifteen years after the proclamation of the Republic, regulations and laws in the field of health were comprehensively prepared and constituted the basis of todays health services. Before the declaration of the Republic, in Kars, there were major problems with regard to health services. During the Turkish War of Independence, critical problems were faced that threatened human health because of epidemics, poverty and the poor infrastructure in the city. Thanks to Kazım Karabekir Pashas initiatives, health school, midwifery course, dentistry course and sanitary courses were launched in the field of health in the region. Kars Memleket Hospital, Maternity and Child Care Home was launched in order to meet the health needs in Kars and its surroundings. The number of beds in these two hospitals in Kars was quite insufficient. Though Memleket Hospital was supposed to possess a bed capacity of 250, it could not satisfy the expectation by staying limited with 25, 50, 60 beds depending on the years. The Maternity and Child Care Home did not surpass its 20-bed capacity. It was attempted to increase the number of doctors working in the province. Dispensaries, malaria control branches and hygiene assemblies were founded in the districts. A plague laboratory was established as part of the fight against epidemic diseases. In addition to serum and vaccination services, quarantine was implemented. Kars Provincial Newspaper also got involved to inform its readers related to the health services and deficiencies in the city.

 Health institutions needed during war periods have been inevitably hospitals. Sick and injured soldiers once had to be treated immediately and return to their mission fields in order to prevent the decrease in the number of soldiers. Well-educated doctors and healthcare professionals were demanded for the right treatment. Prior to World War I, in the Ottoman Empire, Süleyman Numan Bey was appointed as the Sanitary Department of the Ministry of War on the 24th of December, 1913, and regulations were made in this field. To start with, all doctors who were not believed to be useful were discharged and young and skilful officers were assigned. Along with this arrangement, health organizations of the army were handed over to strong and competent doctors. Radical changes in the field of health were achieved with the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye. In the first fifteen years after the proclamation of the Republic, regulations and laws in the field of health were comprehensively prepared and constituted the basis of todays health services. Before the declaration of the Republic, in Kars, there were major problems with regard to health services. During the Turkish War of Independence, critical problems were faced that threatened human health because of epidemics, poverty and the poor infrastructure in the city. Thanks to Kazım Karabekir Pashas initiatives, health school, midwifery course, dentistry course and sanitary courses were launched in the field of health in the region. Kars Memleket Hospital, Maternity and Child Care Home was launched in order to meet the health needs in Kars and its surroundings. The number of beds in these two hospitals in Kars was quite insufficient. Though Memleket Hospital was supposed to possess a bed capacity of 250, it could not satisfy the expectation by staying limited with 25, 50, 60 beds depending on the years. The Maternity and Child Care Home did not surpass its 20-bed capacity. It was attempted to increase the number of doctors working in the province. Dispensaries, malaria control branches and hygiene assemblies were founded in the districts. A plague laboratory was established as part of the fight against epidemic diseases. In addition to serum and vaccination services, quarantine was implemented. Kars Provincial Newspaper also got involved to inform its readers related to the health services and deficiencies in the city.

 Savaş dönemlerinde ihtiyaç duyulan sağlık kurumları şüphesiz hastaneler olmuştur. Asker sayısındaki düşüşü önlemek amacıyla hasta ve yaralı askerlerin derhal tedavi edilip görev bölgelerine dönmeleri gerekmekteydi. Doğru tedavi için iyi eğitimli doktor ve sağlık çalışanlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktaydı. Osmanlı Devletinde I. Dünya Savaşı öncesi Harbiye Nezareti Sıhhiye Dairesi Başkanlığına 24 Aralık 1913 tarihinde Süleyman Numan Bey getirerek bu alanda düzenleme yapma yoluna gidilmişti. İlk iş olarak yararlı olacaklarına inanılmayan bütün doktorlar terhis edilerek, genç ve yetenekli subaylara görev verildi. Bu düzenlemeyle ordu sağlık teşkilatları güçlü ve yetenekli doktorlara teslim edilmiş oldu. Sağlık alanındaki köklü değişiklikler Cumhuriyetin ilanı ile birlikte gerçekleşecektir. Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonraki ilk on beş yılda sağlık alanındaki düzenleme ve kanunlar kapsamlı bir şekilde hazırlanıp bugün ki sağlık hizmetlerinin temellerini oluşturacaktır. Karsta Cumhuriyetin ilanından önce sağlık hizmetleri konusunda büyük sorunlar yaşanmış. Milli Mücadele yıllarında salgın, yoksulluk şehrin kötü alt yapısı nedeniyle insan sağlı ciddi problemlerle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Kazım Karabekir Paşanın girişimleriyle bölgede sağlık alanında Sıhhiye Mektebi, Ebelik Kursu, Dişçilik Kursu ve Sıhhiye Kursları açılmıştır. Kars ve çevresinin sağlık ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi amacıyla Kars Memleket Hastanesi, Doğum ve Çocuk Bakım Evi açılmış. Karsın sahip olduğu bu iki hastanede yatak sayıları oldukça yetersizdi. Memleket Hastanesinin 250 yatak kapasitesine sahip olması gerekirken yıllara göre 25, 50, 60 mevcutlarını geçememiş. Doğum ve Çocuk Bakım Evi ise 20 yatak kapasitesinde kalmıştır. İlde görev yapan doktor sayısı artırılmaya çalışılmış. İlçelerde dispanser, sıtma ile mücadele şubeleri ve Hıfzı Sıhha Meclisleri açılmıştır. Salgın hastalıklarla mücadele kapsamında veba laboratuvarı kurulmuş, serum ve aşılar yapılmış, karantina uygulamasına geçilmiştir. Bu süreçte şehirdeki sağlık hizmetleri ve eksiklikler konusunda Kars İl Gazetesi de okuyucularını bilgilendirmeye çalışmıştır.

Makale detayları

Health Services in Kars From the Tsarist Russian Administration to World War II

Yazarlar:

Nurhan Aydın | Ferhat Acar | Bahar Şentürk Acar

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 34, pp.891-917

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333625

pISSN:

2149-0643

Kars Memleket Hospital

Health Services

Kars Province Newspaper

Epidemic DiseasesKars Memleket Hastanesi

Sağlık Hizmetleri

Kars İli Gazetesi

Salgın Hastalıklar

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Nurhan Aydın | Ferhat Acar | Bahar Şentürk Acar

Yayıncı: Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 34, pp.891-917

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 12/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001333625

pISSN: 2149-0643

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Nurhan Aydın | Ferhat Acar | Bahar Şentürk Acar

Yayıncı:

Kafkas University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Kafkas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Issue 34, pp.891-917

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

12/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001333625

pISSN:

2149-0643