Effect of soil nutrient management on soil weed seed bank dynamics across a soil fertility gradient in smallholder farms, Eastern Zimbabwe

Justin Chipomho; Cosmas Parwada; Nyamande Mapope; Kenedy Simango

Makale detayları

Effect of soil nutrient management on soil weed seed bank dynamics across a soil fertility gradient in smallholder farms, Eastern Zimbabwe

Yazarlar:

Justin Chipomho | Cosmas Parwada | Nyamande Mapope | Kenedy Simango

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.55 Issue 2, pp.105-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317985

pISSN:

2979-9686

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Weed seed banks are latent biotic stress contributors to low crop production among smallholder farms. The objective of this study was to investigate effect of repeated soil nutrient amendments on weed seed bank dynamics in eastern Zimbabwe. Soil samples were taken from three farms with low, medium and high soil organic carbon SOC along the catena. Sampled treatments included varying combinations of compound D 7N, 14P, 7 K fertiliser, cattle manure and lime. Weeds that emerged per plot were counted by species and data was tested for normality before running a linear mixed-effects model and Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Principal Component Analysis PCA was performed to establish the relationship between seasons, SOC, soil nutrient amendment, and emerged weeds. Significant p  .05 species richness Margalef index, and Shannon Weiner index were recorded in the medium 6.4g kg-1soil, high 8 g kg-1 soil and low  3.9 g kg-1soil SOC. Weed species emergence was significantly p  .05 influenced by the level of SOC along the catena positions, representing results from the source. Emergency and abundance of weeds such as Richardia scabra, was associated with low SOC acidic sandy soils from the upper catena. However, application of nutrients NPKlime treatment reduced weed species counts from 1.960.12 to 1.40.12. Cattle manure and NPKCM treatments recorded significantly higher weed emergence, and weed biomass; compared to the control. Clearly, cattle manure treatments significantly increase the soil weed seed bank; thus, weeding intensity is likely to increase in cattle manure treated fields.

 Weed seed banks are latent biotic stress contributors to low crop production among smallholder farms. The objective of this study was to investigate effect of repeated soil nutrient amendments on weed seed bank dynamics in eastern Zimbabwe. Soil samples were taken from three farms with low, medium and high soil organic carbon SOC along the catena. Sampled treatments included varying combinations of compound D 7N, 14P, 7 K fertiliser, cattle manure and lime. Weeds that emerged per plot were counted by species and data was tested for normality before running a linear mixed-effects model and Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Principal Component Analysis PCA was performed to establish the relationship between seasons, SOC, soil nutrient amendment, and emerged weeds. Significant p  .05 species richness Margalef index, and Shannon Weiner index were recorded in the medium 6.4g kg-1soil, high 8 g kg-1 soil and low  3.9 g kg-1soil SOC. Weed species emergence was significantly p  .05 influenced by the level of SOC along the catena positions, representing results from the source. Emergency and abundance of weeds such as Richardia scabra, was associated with low SOC acidic sandy soils from the upper catena. However, application of nutrients NPKlime treatment reduced weed species counts from 1.960.12 to 1.40.12. Cattle manure and NPKCM treatments recorded significantly higher weed emergence, and weed biomass; compared to the control. Clearly, cattle manure treatments significantly increase the soil weed seed bank; thus, weeding intensity is likely to increase in cattle manure treated fields.

 Weed seed banks are latent biotic stress contributors to low crop production among smallholder farms. The objective of this study was to investigate effect of repeated soil nutrient amendments on weed seed bank dynamics in eastern Zimbabwe. Soil samples were taken from three farms with low, medium and high soil organic carbon SOC along the catena. Sampled treatments included varying combinations of compound D 7N, 14P, 7 K fertiliser, cattle manure and lime. Weeds that emerged per plot were counted by species and data was tested for normality before running a linear mixed-effects model and Restricted Maximum Likelihood. Principal Component Analysis PCA was performed to establish the relationship between seasons, SOC, soil nutrient amendment, and emerged weeds. Significant p  .05 species richness Margalef index, and Shannon Weiner index were recorded in the medium 6.4g kg-1soil, high 8 g kg-1 soil and low  3.9 g kg-1soil SOC. Weed species emergence was significantly p  .05 influenced by the level of SOC along the catena positions, representing results from the source. Emergency and abundance of weeds such as Richardia scabra, was associated with low SOC acidic sandy soils from the upper catena. However, application of nutrients NPKlime treatment reduced weed species counts from 1.960.12 to 1.40.12. Cattle manure and NPKCM treatments recorded significantly higher weed emergence, and weed biomass; compared to the control. Clearly, cattle manure treatments significantly increase the soil weed seed bank; thus, weeding intensity is likely to increase in cattle manure treated fields.

 Yabancı ot tohum bankaları, küçük ölçekli çiftçilik işletmelerinde düşük ürün üretimine katkıda bulunan gizli biyotik stres faktörleridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tekrarlanan toprak besin değişikliklerinin Doğu Zimbabvede yabancı ot tohum bankası dinamikleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Toprak örnekleri, eğim boyunca düşük, orta ve yüksek toprak organik karbon TOC içeren üç çiftlikten alınmıştır. Örneklenen işlemler arasında bileşik D 7 N, 14 P, 7 K gübresinin farklı kombinasyonları, sığır gübresi ve kireç bulunmaktadır. Parsel başına çıkan yabancı otlar türlerine göre sayılmış ve veriler normal dağılıma sahip olmadan önce bir lineer karışık etkiler modeli ve Sınırlı Maksimum Olabilirlik çalıştırılmıştır. Başlık Bileşen Analizi PCA, mevsimler arası ilişkiyi, TOC, toprak besin düzenlemesi ve çıkan yabancı otları belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Orta 6.4g kg-1 toprak, yüksek 8 g kg-1 toprak ve düşük 3.9 g kg-1 toprak TOCde anlamlı p  .05 tür zenginliği Margalef indeksi ve Shannon Weiner indeksi kaydedilmiştir. Yabancı ot türlerinin ortaya çıkışı, eğim boyunca SOC seviyesinden etkilenmiş ve kaynaktan gelen sonuçları temsil etmiştir. Richardia scabra gibi yabancı otların asidik kumlu topraklarda düşük SOCye bağlı olarak çıkışı olmuştur. Bununla birlikte, besin maddelerinin uygulanması NPKkireç tedavisi, yabancı ot türü sayısını 1.960.12den 1.40.12ye düşürmüştür. Sığır gübresi ve NPKSG işlemleri, kontrolle karşılaştırıldığında önemli ölçüde daha yüksek yabancı ot çıkışı ve yabancı ot biyokütlesi kaydedilmiştir. Açıkça, sığır gübresi işlemleri toprak yabancı ot tohum bankasını önemli ölçüde arttırmaktadır; bu nedenle, sığır gübresi ile tedavi edilen tarlalarda çapa yoğunluğunun artması muhtemeldir.

Makale detayları

Effect of soil nutrient management on soil weed seed bank dynamics across a soil fertility gradient in smallholder farms, Eastern Zimbabwe

Yazarlar:

Justin Chipomho | Cosmas Parwada | Nyamande Mapope | Kenedy Simango

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.55 Issue 2, pp.105-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317985

pISSN:

2979-9686

Germination

organic matter

soil nutrients

weed diversity

weed managementÇimlenme

organik madde

toprak besin maddeleri

yabancıot çeşitliliği

yabancı ot yönetimi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Justin Chipomho | Cosmas Parwada | Nyamande Mapope | Kenedy Simango

Yayıncı: Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar: Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi: Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.55 Issue 2, pp.105-114

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2024

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001317985

pISSN: 2979-9686

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Justin Chipomho | Cosmas Parwada | Nyamande Mapope | Kenedy Simango

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Dergi:

Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol.55 Issue 2, pp.105-114

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2024

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001317985

pISSN:

2979-9686