Turkish–Russian Relations and European Powers in Late Eighteenth–Early Nineteenth-Century British Political Caricature

N.A.

Makale detayları

Turkish–Russian Relations and European Powers in Late Eighteenth–Early Nineteenth-Century British Political Caricature

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Asya Toplumu Çalışmaları | Resim Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi | Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Osmanlı Kültür ve Sanatı

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 77, pp.217-230

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291036

pISSN:

2822-2725

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 This paper focuses on the late 18th and 19th centuries English cartoons, emphasizing Turkish- European relations in the Ottoman-Turkish context through the master metaphor of the Eastern Question as a productive reference to the 19th century. The artificial archetypical animal turkeyhindi popularized in British political humor and the Sick Man of Europe or Bosphorus archetype manufactured by the Russian Tsar Nicholas I was also scrutinized. The historic turning point is the 1768-74 Ottoman-Russian War and Treaty of Kuchuk Kaynardji Küçük Kaynarca in Turkish, in modern Bulgaria for the fabric of British and Russian archetypes, as the negative, bad, ugly, derogatory visual boards on Russian empire and Russian people, play a consistent role in the construction of Turkish mind map, for represent the objective reality of this state and nation, refreshing, reinforcing, and constantly molding in line with this reality. Therefore, Kaynardjis radically transformed the historical dynamism between the two states and nation gave its character to the eternal and perhaps Turkish traumatic memory structure of OttomanTurkish political and social representatives. This war and treaty were a historical catalyst. Breaking the age that feeds Kaynardjis memory was also essential in Turkish-Russian relations lengthy historical past and future. British cartoons also heralded this beginning. It was noted that Kaynardjis memory was able to manage together with the Treaty of Jassy in Turkish Yaş, Moldavia, modern Romania.

 This paper focuses on the late 18th and 19th centuries English cartoons, emphasizing Turkish- European relations in the Ottoman-Turkish context through the master metaphor of the Eastern Question as a productive reference to the 19th century. The artificial archetypical animal turkeyhindi popularized in British political humor and the Sick Man of Europe or Bosphorus archetype manufactured by the Russian Tsar Nicholas I was also scrutinized. The historic turning point is the 1768-74 Ottoman-Russian War and Treaty of Kuchuk Kaynardji Küçük Kaynarca in Turkish, in modern Bulgaria for the fabric of British and Russian archetypes, as the negative, bad, ugly, derogatory visual boards on Russian empire and Russian people, play a consistent role in the construction of Turkish mind map, for represent the objective reality of this state and nation, refreshing, reinforcing, and constantly molding in line with this reality. Therefore, Kaynardjis radically transformed the historical dynamism between the two states and nation gave its character to the eternal and perhaps Turkish traumatic memory structure of OttomanTurkish political and social representatives. This war and treaty were a historical catalyst. Breaking the age that feeds Kaynardjis memory was also essential in Turkish-Russian relations lengthy historical past and future. British cartoons also heralded this beginning. It was noted that Kaynardjis memory was able to manage together with the Treaty of Jassy in Turkish Yaş, Moldavia, modern Romania.

 This paper focuses on the late 18th and 19th centuries English cartoons, emphasizing Turkish- European relations in the Ottoman-Turkish context through the master metaphor of the Eastern Question as a productive reference to the 19th century. The artificial archetypical animal turkeyhindi popularized in British political humor and the Sick Man of Europe or Bosphorus archetype manufactured by the Russian Tsar Nicholas I was also scrutinized. The historic turning point is the 1768-74 Ottoman-Russian War and Treaty of Kuchuk Kaynardji Küçük Kaynarca in Turkish, in modern Bulgaria for the fabric of British and Russian archetypes, as the negative, bad, ugly, derogatory visual boards on Russian empire and Russian people, play a consistent role in the construction of Turkish mind map, for represent the objective reality of this state and nation, refreshing, reinforcing, and constantly molding in line with this reality. Therefore, Kaynardjis radically transformed the historical dynamism between the two states and nation gave its character to the eternal and perhaps Turkish traumatic memory structure of OttomanTurkish political and social representatives. This war and treaty were a historical catalyst. Breaking the age that feeds Kaynardjis memory was also essential in Turkish-Russian relations lengthy historical past and future. British cartoons also heralded this beginning. It was noted that Kaynardjis memory was able to manage together with the Treaty of Jassy in Turkish Yaş, Moldavia, modern Romania.

 Bu makalede, İngiliz-Rus ilişkilerinin Osmanlı-Türk ilişkilerine göre biçimlenişinin İngiliz karikatürüne nasıl yansıdığı üzerinde durulmuş, bir 19. yüzyıl imalâtı olan Şark Meselesinde İngiliz politik karikatürünün devlet siyasetine bakışı kritik edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İngiliz mizahı ve yergisinin politik ihraç malı olan hinditurkey yapay arketip hayvanı, 18. yüzyıl sonu ve bu yüzyıl dönümüyle İngiliz ve gitgide Avrupa vesayetine girmekte olan Osmanlı Devletini temsilî olarak haritalamak ve asalaştırmak için İngiliz politik karikatüründe tedavüle girmiş, 19. yüzyılda ise Rusya Çarı I. Nikolay tarafından imal edilmiş hasta adam arketipi ve basmakalıbına dökülmüştür. Rusluk ve Rusya üzerine Türk zihin haritasında oluşmuş olan olumsuz, kötü resim levhalarının maddî ve nesnel gerçekliği ise bu iki arketipe bağlanıp bu gerçeklik üzerine oturtularak canlandırıcı, takviye edici ve daima bir ölçüde kalıplayıcı işlev üstlenmiştir. 1768-74 Osmanlı-Rus Harbi ve Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması 1774 bu tür bir İngiliz çözümlemesinde tarihî dönüm noktasıdır. Kaynarca, ileriye dönük olarak köklü değişen tarihî ilişki dinamizmini, OsmanlıTürk politik ve toplumsal temsilcilerinde ebedî ve belki travmatik bellek yapısının karakterini vermiştir. Bu Harp ve Antlaşma tarih hızlandırıcı olmuştur. Türk-Rus ilişkilerinin uzun tarihî geçmişinde Kaynarca uzun belleğini besleyici olan Yaş kırılması 1792 ise Kırımı kaybeden Osmanlı Devleti açısından ayrıca önemlidir. İşte İngiliz karikatürleri ve bu iki arketiple kurduğu simgesel rejim de her iki tarihî başlangıcı haber vererek İngiliz siyasetini gözler önüne serdiği kadar, İngiliz siyasetini de hicvedebilen özelliği ile tarihçi için dönem kritiğini yapmada acımasız tanıklar olma değerine sahiptir.

Makale detayları

Turkish–Russian Relations and European Powers in Late Eighteenth–Early Nineteenth-Century British Political Caricature

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Asya Toplumu Çalışmaları | Resim Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi | Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Osmanlı Kültür ve Sanatı

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 77, pp.217-230

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291036

pISSN:

2822-2725

Archetype

British Humor and Satire

Metaphor

Russian Bear

Sick Man of Europe

Turkey=HindiArketip

İngiliz Politik Karikatürü

Mecaz

Rus Ayısı

Hasta Adam

Turkey=Hindi

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: N.A.

Yayıncı: Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar: Asya Toplumu Çalışmaları | Resim Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi | Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Osmanlı Kültür ve Sanatı

Dergi: Turcology Research Issue 77, pp.217-230

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001291036

pISSN: 2822-2725

Sayı

Yazarlar:

N.A.

Yayıncı:

Ataturk University

Ana Başlıklar:

Asya Toplumu Çalışmaları | Resim Tarihi | Sanat Tarihi | Genel Türk Tarihi (Diğer) | Osmanlı Kültür ve Sanatı

Dergi:

Turcology Research Issue 77, pp.217-230

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291036

pISSN:

2822-2725