Examining The Relationship Between Income Concentration And Environmental Pollution In The Context Of The STIRPAT Model:  The BRICS Countries

İbrahim Tekiner; Aykut Yağlıkara

Makale detayları

Examining The Relationship Between Income Concentration And Environmental Pollution In The Context Of The STIRPAT Model: The BRICS Countries

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Tekiner | Aykut Yağlıkara

Yayıncı:

Ordu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekonomi

Dergi:

Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 3, pp.2533-2550

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302841

pISSN:

1309-9302

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The impact of rising economic activity, which increases with international economic relations and globalization, on environmental degradation has been subjected to many studies in the literature. Consequently, numerous factors that have both positive and negative impacts on the environment are included in a number of research. Using a sample of BRICS nations and controlling factors for income, population, and urbanization, our study examines the impact of economic disparity on the environment. In our study using the STIRPAT model, second-generation unit root, panel cointegration, and long-run coefficient tests were applied in light of the findings from the cross-sectional dependency and homogeneity tests. The variables behave jointly over the long term, which indicates that there is a cointegration link between the variables, according to the findings of the panel cointegration test that was conducted. Long-term coefficient estimate throughout the panels data reveals that while CO2 emissions are increased by income disparity and per capita income, they are decreased by population. No significant relationship was found for the whole panelbetween the urbanization variable and the environment. When individual nations are taken into account, it is determined that Indias income disparity causes a rise in CO2 emissions.

 The impact of rising economic activity, which increases with international economic relations and globalization, on environmental degradation has been subjected to many studies in the literature. Consequently, numerous factors that have both positive and negative impacts on the environment are included in a number of research. Using a sample of BRICS nations and controlling factors for income, population, and urbanization, our study examines the impact of economic disparity on the environment. In our study using the STIRPAT model, second-generation unit root, panel cointegration, and long-run coefficient tests were applied in light of the findings from the cross-sectional dependency and homogeneity tests. The variables behave jointly over the long term, which indicates that there is a cointegration link between the variables, according to the findings of the panel cointegration test that was conducted. Long-term coefficient estimate throughout the panels data reveals that while CO2 emissions are increased by income disparity and per capita income, they are decreased by population. No significant relationship was found for the whole panelbetween the urbanization variable and the environment. When individual nations are taken into account, it is determined that Indias income disparity causes a rise in CO2 emissions.

 The impact of rising economic activity, which increases with international economic relations and globalization, on environmental degradation has been subjected to many studies in the literature. Consequently, numerous factors that have both positive and negative impacts on the environment are included in a number of research. Using a sample of BRICS nations and controlling factors for income, population, and urbanization, our study examines the impact of economic disparity on the environment. In our study using the STIRPAT model, second-generation unit root, panel cointegration, and long-run coefficient tests were applied in light of the findings from the cross-sectional dependency and homogeneity tests. The variables behave jointly over the long term, which indicates that there is a cointegration link between the variables, according to the findings of the panel cointegration test that was conducted. Long-term coefficient estimate throughout the panels data reveals that while CO2 emissions are increased by income disparity and per capita income, they are decreased by population. No significant relationship was found for the whole panelbetween the urbanization variable and the environment. When individual nations are taken into account, it is determined that Indias income disparity causes a rise in CO2 emissions.

 Ülkelerarası artan ekonomik ilişkilerle birlikte küreselleşmenin etkisiyle artan ekonomik aktivitenin çevreye olan etkisi en çok tartışılan konulardan biri olmuştur. Bu bağlamda literatürde çevreye olumlu ve olumsuz etkisi olan birçok değişken kullanılarak analizler yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada BRICS ülke örneklemi kullanılarak gelir eşitsizliğinin çevre üzerindeki etkisi kişi başına gelir, nüfus ve kentleşme kontrol değişkenleri kullanılarak incelenmektedir. STIRPAT modeli baz alınarak yaptığımız analizlerde, yatay kesit bağımlılığı ve homojenlik testlerinin ardından elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında ikinci nesil birim kök, panel eşbütünleşme ve uzun dönem katsayı tahmincisi testleri uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen panel eşbütünleşme testi sonuçlarına göre değişkenler uzun dönemde birlikte hareket ettiklerinde dolayı eşbütünleşme ilişkisine ulaşılmıştır. Ardından yapılan uzun dönem katsayı tahminci sonuçlarına göre ise panel genelinde gelir eşitsizliği ve kişi başına gelir değişkenlerinin uzun dönemde CO2 emisyonunu artırdığı sonucuna varılırken, nüfus değişkeninin CO2 emisyonunu azalttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Panel geneli için kentleşme değişkeni ve çevre arasında anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır. Ülkeler tek tek ele alındığında ise gelir eşitsizliğinin Hindistanda CO2 emisyonunu artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Makale detayları

Examining The Relationship Between Income Concentration And Environmental Pollution In The Context Of The STIRPAT Model: The BRICS Countries

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Tekiner | Aykut Yağlıkara

Yayıncı:

Ordu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekonomi

Dergi:

Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 3, pp.2533-2550

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302841

pISSN:

1309-9302

Income Inequality

STIRPAT Model

CO2 Emissions

Panel Data Analysis

BRICSGelir Eşitsizliği

STIRPAT Modeli

CO2 Emisyonu

Panel Data Analizi

BRICS

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: İbrahim Tekiner | Aykut Yağlıkara

Yayıncı: Ordu University

Ana Başlıklar: Ekonomi

Dergi: Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 3, pp.2533-2550

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 11/2023

Belge Dili: İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.): 2001302841

pISSN: 1309-9302

Sayı

Yazarlar:

İbrahim Tekiner | Aykut Yağlıkara

Yayıncı:

Ordu University

Ana Başlıklar:

Ekonomi

Dergi:

Ordu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 3, pp.2533-2550

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

11/2023

Belge Dili:

İngilizce

Document ID (Org No.):

2001302841

pISSN:

1309-9302