TERMS RELATED TO THE SEAL AND REGISTRATION IN THE STATE DOCUMENTS OF THE IRANIAN AREA FROM THE ILKHANID TO THE QAJARS

Ali Kök

Makale detayları

TERMS RELATED TO THE SEAL AND REGISTRATION IN THE STATE DOCUMENTS OF THE IRANIAN AREA FROM THE ILKHANID TO THE QAJARS

Yazarlar:

Ali Kök

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Güney-Batı (Oğuz) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 43, pp.322-346

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349958

pISSN:

2147-2610

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Great Seljuks and their heirs, later the Censuk conquests, and the new political order that emerged from it, gave birth to the new Turkic written languages. These new Turkic written languages were processed in the Golden Horde, Chagatai and Ilkhanid cultural centers, and over time, the Turkic state correspondence language, which is a product of the Turkish-Uyghur state correspondence tradition, with the influences of Islam and the ancient cultures in the circles where this religion spread, emerged. This state, which has cosmopolitan characteristics in terms of language, administration, belief and culture, is equipped with these qualities while the documents prepared in the correspondence language are arranged in terms of form and content. Therefore, in the state correspondence documents, which are subjected to different procedures such as the subject presented to the ruler before it is dismissed, then the clerks of the council to put it in writing with an appropriate style and formulas and place it on paper, the sign showing that the prepared document is a real and reliable document, the record showing which department it belongs to, who has the responsibility and control, its removal to the archive and its reproduction There are terms that show the traces and effects of this. One of the areas where this rich terminology is witnessed is Iran. Iran is an area that has been the scene of the fierce struggles of the Turks, who turned their faces to the west during their homeland, against each other or against different nations. In this study, it is aimed to identify, evaluate, use and classify the terminology used in the sealing and recording of Persian, Mongolian and Turkic state documents belonging to the Ilkhanid, Jalayirs, Chobanids, Timurids, Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu, Safavids, Afshars and Qajar which were established intermittenly in the Iranian field, where the TurkicTurkoman reality started with the Seljuks. Again, the origins of the relevant terms belonging to these states and khanates, the relationships between the terms and dictionary meanings, the areas in which they spread, the time periods between which they were used, and what are their equivalents and equivalents in Persian and Mongolian documents are some of the objectives of the study.

 The Great Seljuks and their heirs, later the Censuk conquests, and the new political order that emerged from it, gave birth to the new Turkic written languages. These new Turkic written languages were processed in the Golden Horde, Chagatai and Ilkhanid cultural centers, and over time, the Turkic state correspondence language, which is a product of the Turkish-Uyghur state correspondence tradition, with the influences of Islam and the ancient cultures in the circles where this religion spread, emerged. This state, which has cosmopolitan characteristics in terms of language, administration, belief and culture, is equipped with these qualities while the documents prepared in the correspondence language are arranged in terms of form and content. Therefore, in the state correspondence documents, which are subjected to different procedures such as the subject presented to the ruler before it is dismissed, then the clerks of the council to put it in writing with an appropriate style and formulas and place it on paper, the sign showing that the prepared document is a real and reliable document, the record showing which department it belongs to, who has the responsibility and control, its removal to the archive and its reproduction There are terms that show the traces and effects of this. One of the areas where this rich terminology is witnessed is Iran. Iran is an area that has been the scene of the fierce struggles of the Turks, who turned their faces to the west during their homeland, against each other or against different nations. In this study, it is aimed to identify, evaluate, use and classify the terminology used in the sealing and recording of Persian, Mongolian and Turkic state documents belonging to the Ilkhanid, Jalayirs, Chobanids, Timurids, Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu, Safavids, Afshars and Qajar which were established intermittenly in the Iranian field, where the TurkicTurkoman reality started with the Seljuks. Again, the origins of the relevant terms belonging to these states and khanates, the relationships between the terms and dictionary meanings, the areas in which they spread, the time periods between which they were used, and what are their equivalents and equivalents in Persian and Mongolian documents are some of the objectives of the study.

 The Great Seljuks and their heirs, later the Censuk conquests, and the new political order that emerged from it, gave birth to the new Turkic written languages. These new Turkic written languages were processed in the Golden Horde, Chagatai and Ilkhanid cultural centers, and over time, the Turkic state correspondence language, which is a product of the Turkish-Uyghur state correspondence tradition, with the influences of Islam and the ancient cultures in the circles where this religion spread, emerged. This state, which has cosmopolitan characteristics in terms of language, administration, belief and culture, is equipped with these qualities while the documents prepared in the correspondence language are arranged in terms of form and content. Therefore, in the state correspondence documents, which are subjected to different procedures such as the subject presented to the ruler before it is dismissed, then the clerks of the council to put it in writing with an appropriate style and formulas and place it on paper, the sign showing that the prepared document is a real and reliable document, the record showing which department it belongs to, who has the responsibility and control, its removal to the archive and its reproduction There are terms that show the traces and effects of this. One of the areas where this rich terminology is witnessed is Iran. Iran is an area that has been the scene of the fierce struggles of the Turks, who turned their faces to the west during their homeland, against each other or against different nations. In this study, it is aimed to identify, evaluate, use and classify the terminology used in the sealing and recording of Persian, Mongolian and Turkic state documents belonging to the Ilkhanid, Jalayirs, Chobanids, Timurids, Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu, Safavids, Afshars and Qajar which were established intermittenly in the Iranian field, where the TurkicTurkoman reality started with the Seljuks. Again, the origins of the relevant terms belonging to these states and khanates, the relationships between the terms and dictionary meanings, the areas in which they spread, the time periods between which they were used, and what are their equivalents and equivalents in Persian and Mongolian documents are some of the objectives of the study.

 Büyük Selçuklularla onun mirasçıları, daha sonra Çingizli fütühatı ve ondan doğan yeni siyasi nizam, yeni Türk yazı dillerini doğurmuştur. Bu yeni Türk yazı dilleri Altın Ordu, Çağatay ve İlhanlı kültür merkezlerinde işlenerek zaman içerisinde köklerinde İslamiyetin ve bu dinin yayıldığı çevrelerdeki eski kültürlerin etkileriyle Türk-Uygur devlet yazışma geleneğinin bulunduğu bir ürün olan Türk devlet yazışma dilini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Dil, idare, inanç ve kültür bakımından kozmopolit özellikler gösteren bu devlet yazışma diliyle hazırlanan belgeler şekil ve muhteva yönünden düzenlenirken bu niteliklerle donatılmıştır. Dolayısıyla ıstar edilmeden önce hükümdara arz edilen konunun daha sonra divan kâtipleri tarafından uygun bir üslup ve kalıp formüllerle sözden yazıya geçirilip kâğıt üzerine yerleştirilerek süslenmesi, hazırlanan belgenin gerçek ve güvenilir bir belge olduğunu gösteren alametin vurulması, hangi daireye ait olduğu, mesuliyet ve kontrolün kimlerde olduğunu gösteren kaydın düşürülmesi, arşive kaldırılması ve çoğaltılmasına kadar farklı farklı işlemlere tâbi tutulan devlet yazışma belgelerinde bunun iz ve etkilerini gösteren terimler bulunur. Söz konusu zengin terminolojinin tanıklandığı sahalardan biri de İrandır. İran, yurt tutuşlarında yüzlerini batıya çeviren Türklerin birbirleri veya farklı milletlere karşı verdikleri çetin mücadelerine sahne olmuş bir sahadır. Bu çalışmada TürkTürkmen gerçeğinin esaslı bir biçimde Selçukoğulları ile başladığı İran sahasında birbirinden fasıla ile kurulmuş İlhanlı, Calayırlı, Çobanlı, Timürlü, Karakoyunlu, Akkoyunlu, Safevî, Afşar ve Kaçarlara ait Farsça, Moğolca ve Türkçe devlet evrakının mühürlenmesi ve kayıt altına alınmasında geçen terminolojinin tespiti, değerlendirilmesi, kullanımı ve türlerinin sınıflandırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Yine bu devlet ve hanlıklara ait ilgili terimlerin kökenleri, terim ve sözlük anlamları arasındaki ilişkiler, hangi sahalara yayıldığı, yayıldığı sahalarda hangi zaman dilimleri arasında kullanıldığı, Farsça ve Moğolca belgelerdeki muadil ve mukabillerinin neler olduğu çalışmanın hedeflerinden bazılarıdır.

Makale detayları

TERMS RELATED TO THE SEAL AND REGISTRATION IN THE STATE DOCUMENTS OF THE IRANIAN AREA FROM THE ILKHANID TO THE QAJARS

Yazarlar:

Ali Kök

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Güney-Batı (Oğuz) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 43, pp.322-346

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349958

pISSN:

2147-2610

İranian

Turkic and Turko-Mongolian states

diplomatic

omens in diplomatic documents

sealsİran

Türk ve Türk-Moğol devletleri

diplomatik

diplomatik belgelerdeki alametler

mühürler

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Ali Kök

Yayıncı: Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar: Güney-Batı (Oğuz) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi: Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 43, pp.322-346

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 5/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001349958

pISSN: 2147-2610

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Ali Kök

Yayıncı:

Ayla KAŞOĞLU

Ana Başlıklar:

Güney-Batı (Oğuz) Türk Lehçeleri ve Edebiyatları

Dergi:

Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi Vol.13 Issue 43, pp.322-346

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

5/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001349958

pISSN:

2147-2610