The Transformation of the Hero Typology in the Epics of Satuk Buğra Han and Danişmend Gazi

Gonca Kuzay Demir; Burcu Kurkut

Makale detayları

The Transformation of the Hero Typology in the Epics of Satuk Buğra Han and Danişmend Gazi

Yazarlar:

Gonca Kuzay Demir | Burcu Kurkut

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.117-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351573

pISSN:

1301-2045

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Significant studies have been conducted on the characteristics and development of hero typology in Turkish epics. However, there are limited number of studies that focus on the features and transformations of hero typology in the context of Islamic-era Turkish epics. This study examines the changes in hero typology by analyzing the ideologies and actions of heroes within the social conditions and environment of their times, using the examples of Satuk Buğra Khan and Danişmend Gazi. When comparing their ideologies and actions, Satuk Buğra Khan emerges as a religious and political leader, whereas Danişmend Gazi primarily assumes the role of a political leader. Satuk Buğra Khan, through his struggles to embrace his religious identity, invites his people to Islam, while Danişmend Gazi fulfills the task of defending and spreading Islam. The hero typology of Satuk Buğra Khan is a synthesis of the ancient Turkish epic heroes, who are chosen by God and possess extraordinary qualities, combined with Islamic values and motifs. He embodies the characteristics of a gazi and a wali, who possess spiritual attributes. He is not only the political leader of his society but also the one who led the transition to Islam. Danişmend Gazi, on the other hand, represents the gazi hero type as a political leader who played an important role in the Turkification and Islamization of Anatolia through his struggle against the Crusaders. Although both figures are evaluated within the hero typology of Islamic-era Turkish epics, the historical, social, and cultural conditions of their respective periods have led to transformations in hero typology. This study highlights how these hero types were shaped by the socio-political and cultural structures of their times and demonstrates how the hero typologies in Turkish epics align with the social conditions and environment of the society.

 Significant studies have been conducted on the characteristics and development of hero typology in Turkish epics. However, there are limited number of studies that focus on the features and transformations of hero typology in the context of Islamic-era Turkish epics. This study examines the changes in hero typology by analyzing the ideologies and actions of heroes within the social conditions and environment of their times, using the examples of Satuk Buğra Khan and Danişmend Gazi. When comparing their ideologies and actions, Satuk Buğra Khan emerges as a religious and political leader, whereas Danişmend Gazi primarily assumes the role of a political leader. Satuk Buğra Khan, through his struggles to embrace his religious identity, invites his people to Islam, while Danişmend Gazi fulfills the task of defending and spreading Islam. The hero typology of Satuk Buğra Khan is a synthesis of the ancient Turkish epic heroes, who are chosen by God and possess extraordinary qualities, combined with Islamic values and motifs. He embodies the characteristics of a gazi and a wali, who possess spiritual attributes. He is not only the political leader of his society but also the one who led the transition to Islam. Danişmend Gazi, on the other hand, represents the gazi hero type as a political leader who played an important role in the Turkification and Islamization of Anatolia through his struggle against the Crusaders. Although both figures are evaluated within the hero typology of Islamic-era Turkish epics, the historical, social, and cultural conditions of their respective periods have led to transformations in hero typology. This study highlights how these hero types were shaped by the socio-political and cultural structures of their times and demonstrates how the hero typologies in Turkish epics align with the social conditions and environment of the society.

 Significant studies have been conducted on the characteristics and development of hero typology in Turkish epics. However, there are limited number of studies that focus on the features and transformations of hero typology in the context of Islamic-era Turkish epics. This study examines the changes in hero typology by analyzing the ideologies and actions of heroes within the social conditions and environment of their times, using the examples of Satuk Buğra Khan and Danişmend Gazi. When comparing their ideologies and actions, Satuk Buğra Khan emerges as a religious and political leader, whereas Danişmend Gazi primarily assumes the role of a political leader. Satuk Buğra Khan, through his struggles to embrace his religious identity, invites his people to Islam, while Danişmend Gazi fulfills the task of defending and spreading Islam. The hero typology of Satuk Buğra Khan is a synthesis of the ancient Turkish epic heroes, who are chosen by God and possess extraordinary qualities, combined with Islamic values and motifs. He embodies the characteristics of a gazi and a wali, who possess spiritual attributes. He is not only the political leader of his society but also the one who led the transition to Islam. Danişmend Gazi, on the other hand, represents the gazi hero type as a political leader who played an important role in the Turkification and Islamization of Anatolia through his struggle against the Crusaders. Although both figures are evaluated within the hero typology of Islamic-era Turkish epics, the historical, social, and cultural conditions of their respective periods have led to transformations in hero typology. This study highlights how these hero types were shaped by the socio-political and cultural structures of their times and demonstrates how the hero typologies in Turkish epics align with the social conditions and environment of the society.

 Türk destanlarındaki kahraman tipolojisinin özellikleri ve gelişimi üzerine günümüze kadar önemli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak İslâmî dönem Türk destanları dikkate alınarak kahraman tipolojisinin özelliklerinin ve değişiminin ele alındığı sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Satuk Buğra Han ve Danişmend Gazi örneklerinde; kahramanın tipolojisini oluşturan ideolojileri ve eylemlerinin toplumun içinde bulunduğu sosyal çevre ve şartlar altında değişimi ele alınarak, İslâmî dönem Türk destanlarının kahraman tipolojisindeki değişime odaklanılmaktadır. İdeolojileri ve eylemleri mukayese edildiğinde; Satuk Buğra Han hem dinî manevî hem de siyasî lider olarak önemli bir rol üstlenirken; Danişmend Gazi siyasî bir lider vasfı taşımaktadır. Satuk Buğra Han, dinî kimliğinin kabulü için verdiği mücadeleyle halkını İslâma davet ederken, Danişmend Gazi İslâmiyeti savunma ve yayma görevini yerine getirir. Satuk Buğra Hanın kahraman tipolojisi, eski Türk destan kahramanlarının Tanrı tarafından seçilmiş ve olağanüstü özellikler gösteren alp tipi kahramanlarının İslâmî değerler ve motifler ile geliştirilmiş, toplumunun sadece siyasî lideri değil, aynı zamanda İslâmiyete geçişine de liderlik etmiş, manevî vasıflara sahip gazi ve veli tipinin bir sentezi gibidir. Danişmend Gazi ise, Anadolunun Türkleşmesi ve İslâmlaşmasında, Haçlılara karşı verdiği mücadeleyle önemli vazife üstlenen siyasî bir lider olarak gazi tipi kahramanı temsil eder. Kahramanların ikisi de İslâmî dönem Türk destanlarının kahraman tipi içinde değerlendirilmesine rağmen, toplumun içinde bulunduğu tarihî, sosyal ve kültürel şartlar, kahraman tipolojisinin değişimini beraberinde getirmiştir. Çalışma, bu kahraman tiplerinin, bulundukları dönemin sosyo-politik ve kültürel yapılarıyla nasıl şekillendiğini ve Türk destanlarında kahraman tiplerinin toplumun içinde bulunduğu sosyal çevre ve şartlarla nasıl örtüştüğünü ortaya koymaktadır.

Makale detayları

The Transformation of the Hero Typology in the Epics of Satuk Buğra Han and Danişmend Gazi

Yazarlar:

Gonca Kuzay Demir | Burcu Kurkut

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.117-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351573

pISSN:

1301-2045

Folk literature

epic

Islam

hero

type

typologyHalk edebiyatı

destan

İslâmiyet

kahraman

tip

tipoloji

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Gonca Kuzay Demir | Burcu Kurkut

Yayıncı: Ege University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Dergi: Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.117-132

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001351573

pISSN: 1301-2045

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Gonca Kuzay Demir | Burcu Kurkut

Yayıncı:

Ege University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Sahası Türk Halk Bilimi

Dergi:

Türk Dünyası İncelemeleri Dergisi Vol.25 Issue 1, pp.117-132

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001351573

pISSN:

1301-2045