CHILD PROTECTION POLICIES IN TURKEY: EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD (1923-1938)

Banu Berber Babalık

Makale detayları

CHILD PROTECTION POLICIES IN TURKEY: EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD (1923-1938)

Yazarlar:

Banu Berber Babalık

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.34 Issue 1, pp.420-440

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001347100

pISSN:

1304-8899

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 The Republic, which was established after years of wars, was born in a society struggling with epidemics diseases, inadequate education, and economic poverty. Children, viewed as the owners of the future, were envisioned to be the pride of the nation in the formation of a new future planned during the early period of the Republic. The newly established state acted with the understanding of raising a healthy and strong generation in every aspect. For this purpose, children, as the group most visibly affected by the traces of societal underdevelopment, gained importance. The government of the Republic sought solutions for children in need of protection. Population, nutrition, education, and the fight against poverty were prioritized in terms of both the nation and children. Seen as central to the construction of the new nation, were made more visible with this understanding. Although the laws enacted and institutions opened to improve the conditions of children in this period were not sufficient to solve the problems completely, an important step was taken. In this study, the protection policies implemented for children, regarded as the future of the state, in Turkey between 1923 and 1938, were evaluated. The aim of the study is to analyze the child protection policies implemented in this period and reveal their contributions to the newly established Turkish state. Policies aimed at protecting children in the first years of the Republic were examined utilizing archival documents, parliamentary records, newspapers, memoirs, and research books.

 The Republic, which was established after years of wars, was born in a society struggling with epidemics diseases, inadequate education, and economic poverty. Children, viewed as the owners of the future, were envisioned to be the pride of the nation in the formation of a new future planned during the early period of the Republic. The newly established state acted with the understanding of raising a healthy and strong generation in every aspect. For this purpose, children, as the group most visibly affected by the traces of societal underdevelopment, gained importance. The government of the Republic sought solutions for children in need of protection. Population, nutrition, education, and the fight against poverty were prioritized in terms of both the nation and children. Seen as central to the construction of the new nation, were made more visible with this understanding. Although the laws enacted and institutions opened to improve the conditions of children in this period were not sufficient to solve the problems completely, an important step was taken. In this study, the protection policies implemented for children, regarded as the future of the state, in Turkey between 1923 and 1938, were evaluated. The aim of the study is to analyze the child protection policies implemented in this period and reveal their contributions to the newly established Turkish state. Policies aimed at protecting children in the first years of the Republic were examined utilizing archival documents, parliamentary records, newspapers, memoirs, and research books.

 The Republic, which was established after years of wars, was born in a society struggling with epidemics diseases, inadequate education, and economic poverty. Children, viewed as the owners of the future, were envisioned to be the pride of the nation in the formation of a new future planned during the early period of the Republic. The newly established state acted with the understanding of raising a healthy and strong generation in every aspect. For this purpose, children, as the group most visibly affected by the traces of societal underdevelopment, gained importance. The government of the Republic sought solutions for children in need of protection. Population, nutrition, education, and the fight against poverty were prioritized in terms of both the nation and children. Seen as central to the construction of the new nation, were made more visible with this understanding. Although the laws enacted and institutions opened to improve the conditions of children in this period were not sufficient to solve the problems completely, an important step was taken. In this study, the protection policies implemented for children, regarded as the future of the state, in Turkey between 1923 and 1938, were evaluated. The aim of the study is to analyze the child protection policies implemented in this period and reveal their contributions to the newly established Turkish state. Policies aimed at protecting children in the first years of the Republic were examined utilizing archival documents, parliamentary records, newspapers, memoirs, and research books.

 Yıllarca devam eden savaşlar sonrası kurulan Cumhuriyet; sağlık koşulları bakımından salgın hastalıklarla mücadele eden, eğitim açısından yetersiz, ekonomik yönden yoksul bir toplumun içinde doğmuştur. Yarının sahibi olarak görülen çocuklar, Cumhuriyetin erken döneminde planlanan yeni bir gelecek oluşumunda ülkenin gururu olacaklardı. Yeni kurulan devlet her yönüyle sağlıklı ve güçlü bir nesil yetiştirme anlayışıyla hareket etmiştir. Bu amaçla toplumsal alanda geri kalmışlığın izlerinin en çok görüldüğü çocuklar önem kazanmıştır. Cumhuriyet hükümeti, korunmaya muhtaç çocuklar için arayışlar içerisine girmiştir. Nüfus, beslenme, eğitim, yoksullukla mücadele hem ulus hem de çocuklar özelinde ön plana çıkarılmıştır. Yeni ulusun inşasında özne olarak görülen çocuk bu anlayışla daha görünür hale getirilmiştir. Bu dönemde çocuğun durumunu iyileştirmeye yönelik çıkarılan kanunlar, açılan kurumlar sorunların tam anlamıyla çözümü konusunda yeterli olmasa da önemli bir adım atılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 1923-1938 yılları arasında Türkiyede devletin geleceği olarak görülen çocuklara yönelik uygulanan koruma politikaları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı bu dönemde uygulanan çocuk koruma politikalarını inceleyerek yeni kurulan Türk devletine olan katkısını ortaya koymaktır. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında çocukları korumaya yönelik politikalar arşiv belgeleri, meclis tutanakları, gazeteler, anı ve araştırma kitaplarından yararlanılarak ele alınmıştır.

Makale detayları

CHILD PROTECTION POLICIES IN TURKEY: EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD (1923-1938)

Yazarlar:

Banu Berber Babalık

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.34 Issue 1, pp.420-440

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001347100

pISSN:

1304-8899

Rebublic and children

Child education

Child health

Child protection policies

Child populationCumhuriyet ve çocuk

Çocuk eğitimi

Çocuk sağlığı

Çocuk koruma politikaları

Çocuk nüfusu

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Banu Berber Babalık

Yayıncı: Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.34 Issue 1, pp.420-440

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2025

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001347100

pISSN: 1304-8899

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Banu Berber Babalık

Yayıncı:

Cukurova University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.34 Issue 1, pp.420-440

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2025

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001347100

pISSN:

1304-8899