According to the British Archive Documents, the Environment’s Efforts on Agreement on Iraq Oil After World War I

Mustafa Işık

Makale detayları

According to the British Archive Documents, the Environment’s Efforts on Agreement on Iraq Oil After World War I

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Işık

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.47-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291696

pISSN:

2717-8072

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 With the penetration of oil into world politics, all states that completed the industrial revolution and had a say in world politics focused on the points where oil was or could be extracted. Because developed countries, especially the United States of America and England, thought they could reach the speed and power provided by modern engine technology thanks to oil. In this context, the imperial states were engaged in a relentless race in terms of both incorporation and market. In particular, the US-based Standard Oil Company SOC and the UK-Netherlands-based Royal Dutch-Shell Company R-DSC, as the race between themselves and their competitors spread to third countries, dragged the world to an irreversible fate line in terms of oil. Before the I. World War, the British, who made oil investments especially in the southern regions of Iran, did not have the luxury of being left behind in this struggle after the navy converted it to petroleum-based fuel. This race, which became even more heated during and after the I. World War, spread to the Middle East and turned into a race for oil region in the lands of the destroyed Ottoman Empire with the decision of the League of Nations, Iraq, consisting of Mosul, Baghdad and Basra Provinces, left the British mandate, causing the victorious states to come face to face for the oil to be extracted from there. This study will evalucate and study the struggle mentioned through the British archival documents and their reflections on the British press.

 With the penetration of oil into world politics, all states that completed the industrial revolution and had a say in world politics focused on the points where oil was or could be extracted. Because developed countries, especially the United States of America and England, thought they could reach the speed and power provided by modern engine technology thanks to oil. In this context, the imperial states were engaged in a relentless race in terms of both incorporation and market. In particular, the US-based Standard Oil Company SOC and the UK-Netherlands-based Royal Dutch-Shell Company R-DSC, as the race between themselves and their competitors spread to third countries, dragged the world to an irreversible fate line in terms of oil. Before the I. World War, the British, who made oil investments especially in the southern regions of Iran, did not have the luxury of being left behind in this struggle after the navy converted it to petroleum-based fuel. This race, which became even more heated during and after the I. World War, spread to the Middle East and turned into a race for oil region in the lands of the destroyed Ottoman Empire with the decision of the League of Nations, Iraq, consisting of Mosul, Baghdad and Basra Provinces, left the British mandate, causing the victorious states to come face to face for the oil to be extracted from there. This study will evalucate and study the struggle mentioned through the British archival documents and their reflections on the British press.

 With the penetration of oil into world politics, all states that completed the industrial revolution and had a say in world politics focused on the points where oil was or could be extracted. Because developed countries, especially the United States of America and England, thought they could reach the speed and power provided by modern engine technology thanks to oil. In this context, the imperial states were engaged in a relentless race in terms of both incorporation and market. In particular, the US-based Standard Oil Company SOC and the UK-Netherlands-based Royal Dutch-Shell Company R-DSC, as the race between themselves and their competitors spread to third countries, dragged the world to an irreversible fate line in terms of oil. Before the I. World War, the British, who made oil investments especially in the southern regions of Iran, did not have the luxury of being left behind in this struggle after the navy converted it to petroleum-based fuel. This race, which became even more heated during and after the I. World War, spread to the Middle East and turned into a race for oil region in the lands of the destroyed Ottoman Empire with the decision of the League of Nations, Iraq, consisting of Mosul, Baghdad and Basra Provinces, left the British mandate, causing the victorious states to come face to face for the oil to be extracted from there. This study will evalucate and study the struggle mentioned through the British archival documents and their reflections on the British press.

 Petrolün Dünya siyasetine nüfuz etmeye başlaması ile Sanayi Devrimini tamamlayan ve dünya politiğinde söz sahibi olan tüm devletler, petrolün çıkarıldığı veya çıkarılabileceği noktalara yoğunlaşmışlardı. Başta Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ABD ve İngiltere olmak üzere gelişmiş ülkeler, modern anlamda motor teknolojisinin sağladığı hıza ve güce petrol sayesinde ulaşabileceklerini düşünüyorlardı. Bu kapsamda emperyal devletler gerek şirketleşme gerekse pazar açısından, amansız bir yarışa girişmişlerdi. Özellikle ABD merkezli Standard Oil Company SOC ve İngiltere-Hollanda merkezli Royal Dutch-Shell Company R-DSC hem rakipleri hem de kendileri arasındaki yarışın, üçüncü ülkelere sıçraması dünyayı, petrol açısından dönülmez bir kader çizgisine sürüklemiştir. I. Dünya Savaşı öncesi özellikle İranın güney bölgelerinde petrol yatırımları yapan İngilizlerin, donanmayı petrol bazlı yakıta dönüştürmesi ile bu mücadelede artık geride kalma lüksüne sahip değildi. I. Dünya Savaşı ve sonrasında daha da ateşlenen bu yarış, Orta Doğuya sıçramış ve parçalanan Osmanlı Devleti topraklarında petrol bölgesi kapma yarışına dönüşmüştür. Milletler Cemiyeti kararı ile Musul, Bağdat, Basra Vilayetlerinden oluşan Irakın, İngiliz mandasına bırakması galip devletlerin buradan çıkarılacak olan petrol için karşı karşıya gelmesine neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen mücadele İngiliz arşiv belgeleri ve İngiliz basınına yansımaları üzerinden değerlendirip açıklamaya çalışılacaktır.

Makale detayları

According to the British Archive Documents, the Environment’s Efforts on Agreement on Iraq Oil After World War I

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Işık

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.47-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291696

pISSN:

2717-8072

Oil

Iraq

England

United States of AmericaPetrol

Irak

İngiltere

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Mustafa Işık

Yayıncı: Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.47-76

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 6/2023

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001291696

pISSN: 2717-8072

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Mustafa Işık

Yayıncı:

Ondokuz Mayıs University

Ana Başlıklar:

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi

Dergi:

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi Vol.4 Issue 1, pp.47-76

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

6/2023

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001291696

pISSN:

2717-8072