Are Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pollution Haven Hypotheses Valid for Developing Countries?

Fatoş Akkaya; Mümin Atalay Çetin

Makale detayları

Are Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pollution Haven Hypotheses Valid for Developing Countries?

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Akkaya | Mümin Atalay Çetin

Yayıncı:

Cankiri Karatekin University

Dergi:

Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.29-60

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001316660

pISSN:

1309-3738

Anahtar kelimeler:

Özet:

 Purpose: The aim of this study is to test the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve EKC and pollution haven PHH hypotheses for 55 developing countries. Method: The existence of EKC and PHH hypotheses in developing countries has been examined with the help of static and dynamic panel data techniques. The sample covers the period from 1991 to 2017. Findings: According to the findings obtained from static and dynamic panel data estimators, there is a relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in developing countries. Similarly, it has been found that foreign direct investments in these countries negatively affect the environmental quality. In addition, according to the heterogeneous panel causality test results, a causality relationship from per capita income, urban population, electricity consumption and foreign direct investments to carbon dioxide emissions per capita was determined. Implications: It has been reached that the EKC and PHH hypotheses are valid in developing countries. Originality: This study aimed to make some significant contributions to the existing literature: i. Examining the validity of the EKC and PHH hypotheses for developing countries panel with using static and dynamic panel data estimators to consider both static and lagged effects and allows for comparision, ii. Investigating the validity of the EKC hypothesis for developing countries panel with both the traditional approach based on exponential calculation and the contemporary approach based on a comparison of long and short run elasticities and thus it is aimed to compare the findings.

 Purpose: The aim of this study is to test the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve EKC and pollution haven PHH hypotheses for 55 developing countries. Method: The existence of EKC and PHH hypotheses in developing countries has been examined with the help of static and dynamic panel data techniques. The sample covers the period from 1991 to 2017. Findings: According to the findings obtained from static and dynamic panel data estimators, there is a relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in developing countries. Similarly, it has been found that foreign direct investments in these countries negatively affect the environmental quality. In addition, according to the heterogeneous panel causality test results, a causality relationship from per capita income, urban population, electricity consumption and foreign direct investments to carbon dioxide emissions per capita was determined. Implications: It has been reached that the EKC and PHH hypotheses are valid in developing countries. Originality: This study aimed to make some significant contributions to the existing literature: i. Examining the validity of the EKC and PHH hypotheses for developing countries panel with using static and dynamic panel data estimators to consider both static and lagged effects and allows for comparision, ii. Investigating the validity of the EKC hypothesis for developing countries panel with both the traditional approach based on exponential calculation and the contemporary approach based on a comparison of long and short run elasticities and thus it is aimed to compare the findings.

 Purpose: The aim of this study is to test the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve EKC and pollution haven PHH hypotheses for 55 developing countries. Method: The existence of EKC and PHH hypotheses in developing countries has been examined with the help of static and dynamic panel data techniques. The sample covers the period from 1991 to 2017. Findings: According to the findings obtained from static and dynamic panel data estimators, there is a relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution in developing countries. Similarly, it has been found that foreign direct investments in these countries negatively affect the environmental quality. In addition, according to the heterogeneous panel causality test results, a causality relationship from per capita income, urban population, electricity consumption and foreign direct investments to carbon dioxide emissions per capita was determined. Implications: It has been reached that the EKC and PHH hypotheses are valid in developing countries. Originality: This study aimed to make some significant contributions to the existing literature: i. Examining the validity of the EKC and PHH hypotheses for developing countries panel with using static and dynamic panel data estimators to consider both static and lagged effects and allows for comparision, ii. Investigating the validity of the EKC hypothesis for developing countries panel with both the traditional approach based on exponential calculation and the contemporary approach based on a comparison of long and short run elasticities and thus it is aimed to compare the findings.

 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, 55 gelişmekte olan ülke için çevresel Kuznets eğrisi EKC ve kirlilik sığınağı PHH hipotezlerinin geçerliliğini test etmektir. Yöntem: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde EKC ve PHH hipotezlerinin varlığı statik ve dinamik panel veri teknikleri yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Araştırma 1991-2017 yılları arasındaki verileri kapsamaktadır. Bulgular: Statik ve dinamik panel veri tahmincilerinden elde edilen bulgulara göre, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ekonomik büyüme ile çevre kirliliği arasında bir ilişkinin varlığı saptanmıştır. Benzer şekilde söz konusu ülkelerde doğrudan yabancı yatırımların çevre kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca heterojen panel nedensellik test sonuçlarına göre, kişi başına düşen gelirden, kentsel nüfustan, elektrik tüketiminden ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlardan kişi başına düşen karbondioksit emisyonuna doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde EKC ve PHH hipotezlerinin geçerli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın literatüre iki önemli katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir: i. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler paneli için EKC ve PHH hipotezlerin geçerliliğini hem statik hem de gecikmeli etkileri göz önünde bulunduran dinamik panel veri tahmincileri yardımıyla incelemek ve bulguları kıyaslamak, ii. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler paneli için EKC hipotezinin geçerliliğini hem geleneksel yaklaşım hem de uzun ve kısa dönem esnekliklerin kıyaslanması temeline dayanan güncel yaklaşım ile test ederek elde edilen sonuçları karşılaştırmak.

Makale detayları

Are Environmental Kuznets Curve and Pollution Haven Hypotheses Valid for Developing Countries?

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Akkaya | Mümin Atalay Çetin

Yayıncı:

Cankiri Karatekin University

Dergi:

Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.29-60

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001316660

pISSN:

1309-3738

Environmental Kuznets curve

Pollution haven hypothesis

Static panel data

Dynamic panel data

Developing countriesÇevresel Kuznets eğrisi

Kirlilik sığınağı hipotezi

Statik panel veri

Dinamik panel veri

Gelişmekte olan ülkeler.

Sayı

Makale detayları

Yazarlar: Fatoş Akkaya | Mümin Atalay Çetin

Yayıncı: Cankiri Karatekin University

Dergi: Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.29-60

Belge Tipi: Makale

Yayın Tarihi: 4/2024

Belge Dili: Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.): 2001316660

pISSN: 1309-3738

Sayı

Yazarlar:

Fatoş Akkaya | Mümin Atalay Çetin

Yayıncı:

Cankiri Karatekin University

Dergi:

Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi Vol.15 Issue 1, pp.29-60

Belge Tipi:

Makale

Yayın Tarihi:

4/2024

Belge Dili:

Türkçe

Document ID (Org No.):

2001316660

pISSN:

1309-3738